dialects
dialects — 名詞
- dialectssingular
- dialectsesplural
1. A way of speaking a language that belongs to a particular place, with unique voc
方言
某區域特有的語言形式
A way of speaking a language that belongs to a particular place, with unique vocabulary, sounds, and grammar that separate it from the standard form used in schools and writing.
Rodrigo grew up speaking a rural dialect with words his city cousins have never heard.
Rodrigo 從小說著一種鄉村方言，有些用詞是他在城市的表兄弟們從未聽過的。
collocation: rural dialect — contrast with standard variety
The mountain village dialect preserves grammar patterns that the standard language lost.
這個山村方言保留了標準語言已消失的語法結構。
preserves grammar patterns — historical continuity of dialects
When Yasmin visited her grandmother's hometown, she could barely understand the local dialect at first.
Yasmin 去外婆家鄉時，起初幾乎聽不懂當地的方言。
Teachers often encourage students to value their home dialect while learning the standard form.
老師們經常鼓勵學生珍惜自己的母語方言，同時學習標準語。
The fishing community's dialect has its own words for different types of waves and wind.
這個漁村社區的方言有自己用來描述不同風浪的詞彙。
- regional variety
broader, more neutral term used by linguists
- vernacular
refers specifically to the everyday language of ordinary people in a region
- patois
regional dialect, sometimes viewed as non-standard or local
- standard language
the official, codified form taught in schools and used in formal writing
文法句型
speak + a dialect
dialect of + [region/area]
用法筆記
Only this sense refers to geographical varieties. For varieties defined by social group rather than region, see sense 2 (SOCIAL GROUP).
常見錯誤
2. A version of a language that is tied to a certain social group — for instance, t
社群用語
特定社會群體的語言變體
A version of a language that is tied to a certain social group — for instance, the speech of young people, lawyers, or a specific social class — rather than to any geographic region.
Hospital doctors use a dialect full of technical terms that confuse patients.
醫院的醫生使用的社群用語充滿專業術語，讓病人感到困惑。
collocation: professional dialect — technical vocabulary of a trade
Hao noticed his teenage nephew's dialect includes slang that older family members never use.
Hao 發現他十幾歲的姪子所用的社群用語包含長輩從不使用的俚語。
The dialect of legal documents uses old-fashioned expressions that are rarely heard in everyday talk.
法律文件的社群用語使用了許多在日常對話中很少聽到的古老措辭。
Each generation creates a social dialect with new words that older speakers do not use.
每個世代都會創造一種社群用語，加入年長者不用的新詞。
Mira found that the gaming community developed a dialect that outsiders struggle to follow.
Mira 發現遊戲社群發展出一種外人很難聽懂的社群用語。
- sociolect
the technical linguistic term for a social, not geographic, dialect
- jargon
specialised vocabulary of a profession or activity, narrower in scope than a full dialect
- ingroup language
emphasises the social-bonding function of shared speech patterns
- standard language
the neutral, widely accepted form not tied to any particular social group
文法句型
dialect of + [social group/profession]
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 (REGIONAL VARIETY): if the variety is tied to a place, use sense 1; if it is tied to a group's identity (class, age, profession, subculture), use this sense.