e.t.
e.t. — 縮寫
1. a written abbreviation for 'et alia', used in formal or academic writing to refe
等人
用於學術引用表示多人作者
a written abbreviation for 'et alia', used in formal or academic writing to refer to additional people beyond those already named — especially when citing a work by multiple authors without listing every name.
The journal article by Rivera e.t. examines the effects of climate change on coastal farming.
Rivera 等人的期刊論文探討了氣候變遷對沿海農業的影響。
abbreviation: used with author surnames before the year
Further details can be found in the 2021 report by Chen e.t.
更多細節可查閱 Chen 等人於 2021 年發表的報告。
The reference section lists works by Okafor e.t., Müller e.t., and Patel e.t.
參考文獻列出 Okafor 等人、Müller 等人以及 Patel 等人的著作。
A review of studies by Nakamura e.t. and several other research teams supports this conclusion.
Nakamura 等人及其他研究團隊的綜述支持這項結論。
- et al.
the more common abbreviation in academic writing; 'e.t.' is less frequent but interchangeable when citing people
- and others
the full English phrase; e.t. is the Latin abbreviation preferred in formal citations
用法筆記
Used almost exclusively in academic citations and bibliographies. The full form 'et alia' is common in formal legal or humanities writing, while 'e.t.' appears more often in reference lists and footnotes. Do not use e.t. to mean 'and similar things' — that meaning belongs to 'etc.' (et cetera).
常見錯誤
e.t. — 名詞
1. a creature from outer space; a being that does not originate from Earth — used i
外星人
來自外太空的生物
a creature from outer space; a being that does not originate from Earth — used in science fiction and discussions about the possibility of alien life.
The novel imagines a world where an e.t. lands in a small town and befriends a local child.
這部小說想像了一個外星人降落小鎮並與當地孩童成為朋友的世界。
common narrative frame: e.t. landing on Earth
No one has ever found solid proof that an e.t. has visited our planet.
至今沒有人找到確鑿證據顯示曾有外星人造訪地球。
The documentary interviews scientists who search for signals sent by intelligent e.t.s.
這部紀錄片訪問了搜尋外星人發出之訊號的科學家。
Children at the summer camp spent hours drawing pictures of e.t.s with green skin and three eyes.
夏令營的孩子們花了好幾個小時畫綠色皮膚、三隻眼睛的外星人。
The museum exhibit explores how different cultures imagine what an e.t. might look like.
這個博物館展覽呈現了不同文化如何想像外星人的模樣。
- alien
much more common in everyday speech; 'alien' is the neutral term while 'e.t.' is slightly informal or nostalgic
- extraterrestrial
the full, more formal term; 'e.t.' is the shortened, casual form used in conversation and media
- space being
a descriptive phrase used to avoid sci-fi clichés
- Earthling
a human or creature from Earth, as opposed to a being from another planet
用法筆記
Often capitalised as 'E.T.' when referring specifically to the character from the 1982 film. The plural form is e.t.s (or E.T.s). This noun is countable — you can say 'one e.t.' or 'two e.t.s'.