estivation
estivation — 名詞
1. the US way of writing the word 'aestivation'; the same meaning as aestivation bu
美式拼法
aestivation 的美式拼寫
the US way of writing the word 'aestivation'; the same meaning as aestivation but spelled without the initial letter 'a'
In American scientific journals, the term 'estivation' is used instead of 'aestivation'.
在美國的科學期刊中，使用的是 estivation 而非 aestivation 這個拼法。
American spelling variant of aestivation
Nora checked the spelling guide and found that estivation is the preferred US form.
Nora 查了拼寫指南，發現 estivation 是美式英語的慣用寫法。
Both estivation and aestivation appear in textbooks, but the shorter version is standard in the US.
兩種拼法在教科書中都會出現，但較短的寫法在美國是標準用法。
When writing for an American publisher, Jiwoo changed every 'aestivation' to 'estivation'.
寫稿給美國出版社時，Jiwoo 把所有 aestivation 都改成了 estivation。
- aestivation
British and international spelling of the same word
文法句型
the estivation of [something]
enter estivation
用法筆記
In British and international English, the spelling 'aestivation' (with initial 'ae-') is more common. Choose 'estivation' for American publications.
常見錯誤
2. a condition of slowed body activity that some animals go into during very hot, d
夏蟄
動物因高溫乾旱進入的休眠狀態
a condition of slowed body activity that some animals go into during very hot, dry weather to save energy and avoid dying from heat or lack of water — similar to hibernation but happening in summer
During the dry season, the African lungfish buries itself in mud and enters a state of estivation.
在旱季，非洲肺魚把自己埋在泥裡，進入夏蟄狀態。
estivation as a survival strategy during drought
Some desert snails seal their shell openings with a layer of dried mucus to prevent water loss throughout estivation.
有些沙漠蝸牛用一層乾燥的黏液封住殼口，在夏蟄期間防止水分流失。
The frog Cyclorana australis can remain underground in estivation for nearly two years if the drought continues.
Cyclorana australis 這種青蛙可以在夏蟄狀態下待在地下將近兩年，如果乾旱持續的話。
Adina learned in biology class that estivation allows desert animals to conserve energy when food and water are scarce.
Adina 在生物課上學到，夏蟄能讓沙漠動物在食物和水稀缺時節省能量。
Unlike hibernation, which takes place in winter, estivation helps creatures such as the desert tortoise endure extreme summer heat.
與發生在冬天的冬眠不同，夏蟄幫助沙漠陸龜這類生物忍受極端的夏季高溫。
- aestivation
same meaning, British/international spelling
- summer dormancy
more general, less technical phrase
- torpor
broader term for any temporary inactive state, not limited to summer
- hibernation
winter dormancy, the cold-season equivalent
- activity
the normal state of movement and metabolism
文法句型
enter estivation
in estivation
a period of estivation
用法筆記
Estivation is an uncountable noun and is not used in the plural. It is most common in scientific writing about zoology or ecology. The verb form is 'estivate' (e.g., 'The snail estivates inside its shell.').
常見錯誤
3. the particular way that the outer and inner parts of a flower, especially the pe
花被排列
花瓣或萼片在花蕾中的排列方式
the particular way that the outer and inner parts of a flower, especially the petals and sepals, are positioned inside the bud before the flower opens
The estivation pattern of a rose bud shows the petals overlapping one another in a tight spiral.
玫瑰花蕾的花被排列顯示花瓣以緊密的螺旋方式彼此重疊。
spiral (imbricate) estivation in rose buds
Botanists use estivation to help classify plant families by the way flower parts are folded before blooming.
植物學家利用花被排列來幫助根據開花前花部構造的折疊方式進行植物分類。
Tomás examined the pea flower's estivation under a magnifying lens before the petals had a chance to open.
Tomás 在花瓣還沒機會展開之前，用放大鏡觀察了豌豆花的花被排列。
In valvate estivation, the sepals meet edge to edge without any overlap, much like the fingers of folded hands.
在鑷合狀的花被排列中，萼片邊緣相接而不重疊，很像合攏的手指。
The study of estivation helps gardeners predict how a flower will look once it fully opens.
研究花被排列能幫助園藝工作者預測花朵完全綻放後的外觀。
- praefoliation
the same concept but sometimes used specifically for leaf arrangement inside a bud rather than flower parts
- vernation
refers to leaf arrangement inside a bud, not flower parts — a related but different term
- anthesis
the period when the flower is fully open, the opposite of the bud stage
文法句型
the estivation of [a flower]
[type] estivation
用法筆記
In botany, estivation is classified into several named types: valvate (edges meeting without overlap), imbricate (overlapping), twisted (spiral), and others. The term is a count noun when referring to a specific arrangement type (e.g., 'three different estivations were observed').