earmarked
earmarked — 動詞
- earmarkedpresent simple I / you / we / they
- earmarkeds3rd person singular
- earmarkeding-ing form
- earmarkededpast simple
1. to decide officially that a particular amount of money, time, or other resource
指定用途；專款專用
為特定目標預留資源
to decide officially that a particular amount of money, time, or other resource will be used only for a specific project or need.
The city council earmarked three million dollars to build a new public library.
市議會指定三百萬美元專門用來建造一座新的公共圖書館。
be earmarked for [project]
Dr. Okonkwo earmarked two hours each morning for writing his research paper.
Okonkwo 博士每天早上保留兩小時用來撰寫他的研究論文。
Half of the emergency fund was earmarked by the committee for flood relief.
應急基金的一半由委員會指定用於水災救援。
What portion of the budget has the government earmarked for education this year?
政府今年撥了多少預算指定用於教育？
The foundation earmarks ten percent of its yearly income for cancer research.
該基金會每年將其收入的百分之十指定用於癌症研究。
- allocate
more general; earmark suggests the purpose is fixed and restricted
- designate
emphasises the formal naming of a purpose
- appropriate
legal or technical term for officially setting aside funds; more formal than earmark
- set aside
less formal; can apply to physical items or time, not just money
- divert
to move resources away from their intended use
文法句型
earmark [something] for [purpose]
be earmarked for [purpose]
用法筆記
This verb is commonly used in the passive voice (be earmarked for...), especially in formal discussion of budgets, planning, and policy decisions.
常見錯誤
earmarked — 名詞
1. a cut, notch, or tag made in the ear of a farm animal to show who owns it.
耳標
家畜耳朵上的歸屬記號
a cut, notch, or tag made in the ear of a farm animal to show who owns it.
Each calf in the herd received a distinct earmark at the spring branding.
牛群中的每頭小牛都在春季烙印時獲得了一個獨特的耳標。
The farmer checked the earmark on the stray sheep to find its owner.
農夫檢查那隻走失綿羊的耳標，以便找到牠的主人。
Without an earmark, it is hard to tell which ranch the cattle belong to.
沒有耳標的話，就很難判斷那些牛屬於哪個牧場。
The earmark on the goat's left ear was shaped like a small triangle.
那隻山羊左耳上的耳標形狀像一個小三角形。
- brand
a permanent mark burned onto the skin rather than cut into the ear
- ear tag
a modern plastic or metal tag clipped onto the ear, rather than a cut
- livestock tag
any visible marker of animal ownership, including ear tags and brands
2. a quality or feature that is typical of a person, group, or thing and clearly di
特徵；標誌
區別於他人的顯著特質
a quality or feature that is typical of a person, group, or thing and clearly distinguishes them from others.
A love of spicy food is an earmark of the local cuisine in that region.
喜愛辛辣食物是該地區當地料理的一項特徵。
[quality] is an earmark of [place/group]
The director's bold use of colour has become an earmark of her filmmaking style.
那位導演大膽運用色彩的手法已成為她電影風格的標誌。
In many rural villages, a strong sense of community duty remains an earmark of daily life.
在許多鄉村，強烈的社區責任感仍然是日常生活的特徵之一。
One earmark of the company's culture is its insistence on face-to-face meetings.
該公司文化的特徵之一，就是堅持面對面開會。
- hallmark
very similar; hallmark emphasises a sign of quality or authenticity
- trademark
suggests a feature so characteristic it functions like a personal brand
- distinguishing feature
more literal and less figurative than earmark
- badge
emphasises an openly displayed sign of identity or membership
文法句型
[quality] is an earmark of [group/thing]
3. an amount of money set aside in a government budget for a specific local project
指定款項；專款
預算中為地方項目預留的撥款
an amount of money set aside in a government budget for a specific local project, often added to a bill by a politician to benefit their own district.
The senator added an earmark for a new highway in her district to the spending bill.
那位參議員在支出法案中為自己選區的一條新高速公路加入了指定款項。
add an earmark for [project]
Critics of the practice argue that earmarks waste taxpayer money on unnecessary projects.
批評這項做法的人認為，指定款項是在浪費納稅人的錢做一些沒必要的工程。
The earmark for the bridge project was removed during the budget debate.
那座橋樑工程的指定款項在預算辯論中被刪除了。
Each year, members of Congress compete to secure earmarks for their home states.
每年，國會議員們都會爭取為自己的家鄉州爭取指定款項。
Supporters say earmarks allow local communities to fund projects that the national government might ignore.
支持者認為，指定款項讓地方社區能夠資助那些中央政府可能忽略的工程。
- pork barrel
more negative in connotation; refers to wasteful or politically motivated earmarks
- budget allocation
a neutral, general term for any assigned money in a budget
- appropriation
the official legal act of setting money aside in a formal budget
- directed spending
a modern, more neutral term for the same practice
文法句型
add an earmark
earmark for [project]
用法筆記
This sense is most common in discussion of US federal spending decisions. The term often carries a negative or controversial tone, suggesting political favouritism. Outside the US, similar provisions are called 'directed funds' or 'budget allocations'.