flora
/ˈflɔːrə/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈflɔːrə/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈflȯr-ə/ (ame, mw)
flora — 名詞
1. all the plants that grow naturally in a specific place, region, or during a part
植物相
特定地區或時期的所有植物
all the plants that grow naturally in a specific place, region, or during a particular period of time — for example, the plants found in a rainforest, a desert, or a prehistoric era.
The flora of Madagascar includes thousands of plant species found nowhere else on Earth.
馬達加斯加的植物相包含了數千種地球上其他地方找不到的植物物種。
collocation: flora of + [place]
Scientists study the ancient flora of the Arctic by examining fossils from the Ice Age.
科學家透過研究冰河時期的化石，來探討北極地區的遠古植物相。
Imran took photographs of the coastal flora during his trip to New Zealand.
Imran 在紐西蘭旅行時，拍攝了海岸植物相的照片。
A book describing the native flora of Taiwan lists over four thousand plant types.
一本描述臺灣原生植物相的書，列出了超過四千種植物。
The region's rich flora supports a wide variety of birds and insects.
該地區豐富的植物相養育了各式各樣的鳥類和昆蟲。
- vegetation
broader term for all plant cover; less scientific and less likely to include a historical or regional perspective
- plant life
simpler everyday alternative, common in general writing
- greenery
informal, emphasizes the visual green aspect of plants; not used for scientific contexts
- fauna
the animals of a particular place or time, commonly contrasted with flora
文法句型
flora of + [place/period]
[adjective] + flora
用法筆記
Flora is typically uncountable and refers to the collective plant life of an area. It is often paired with 'fauna' (the animals of the area) in the set phrase 'flora and fauna'.
常見錯誤
2. the community of tiny organisms — mainly bacteria — that naturally live inside a
菌叢
動物體內的細菌等微生物
the community of tiny organisms — mainly bacteria — that naturally live inside an animal's body, especially in the digestive system, where they help with processes such as breaking down food.
The human gut flora helps break down food and produces vitamins that the body needs.
人體的腸道菌叢有助於分解食物，並產生身體所需的維生素。
collocation: gut flora
Doctors say that taking antibiotics can change the natural flora inside your digestive system.
醫生表示服用抗生素會改變消化系統內的天然菌叢。
collocation: natural flora
Daichi's doctor recommended eating yogurt to keep his intestinal flora healthy.
Daichi 的醫生建議他吃優格，以維持腸道菌叢的健康。
A balanced flora in the mouth helps prevent gum disease and tooth decay.
口腔中平衡的菌叢有助於預防牙齦疾病和蛀牙。
Scientists are studying how the skin flora protects us from harmful bacteria.
科學家正在研究皮膚菌叢如何保護我們免受有害細菌的侵害。
- microbiome
more modern term that includes the genetic material of all microbes; gaining popularity over 'flora'
- microflora
more technical synonym, same meaning but less common
- bacteria
only covers one type of organism in the flora; narrower in meaning
文法句型
[location] + flora
[adjective] + flora
用法筆記
This sense is almost always modified by a location adjective ('gut', 'intestinal', 'oral', 'skin') that specifies where the microorganisms live. Frequently used in medical and scientific writing.