incumbency
incumbency — 名詞
- incumbencysingular
- incumbenciesplural
1. the job of holding a formal post such as president, senator, or bishop, and the
任期；在任
擔任正式公職的時期
the job of holding a formal post such as president, senator, or bishop, and the stretch of years a particular person stays in that post.
During Mayor Aaron's incumbency, three new public libraries opened across the city.
Aaron 市長任內，市區陸續開設了三座新的公共圖書館。
during + person's + incumbency
The bishop's incumbency lasted nearly twenty years before he retired to the countryside.
這位主教在任期間長達將近二十年，之後便退休到鄉下生活。
noun + lasted + duration
Senator Mayumi announced she would not seek a second incumbency after her current term.
Mayumi 參議員宣布她不會在本屆任期結束後再競選第二任。
seek + a + second + incumbency
Critics argue that long incumbencies in government make leaders distant from ordinary voters.
批評者認為，政府官員長期在任會讓領導人逐漸與一般選民疏離。
plural form: long incumbencies
The judge marked his tenth year of incumbency by inviting former clerks to the courthouse.
這位法官在任滿十年之際，邀請過去的助理回到法院聚會。
year + of + incumbency
- during one's incumbency
- the length of his incumbency
- throughout her incumbency
- second incumbency
- tenure
broader; covers any job, not only official posts
- term
the fixed length of office, regardless of who holds it
- term of office
more concrete phrase for the same idea
文法句型
during one's incumbency
the incumbency of [person]
用法筆記
Most often paired with possessives or named office-holders (her incumbency, the president's incumbency). Different from 'term' in that it stresses the holder rather than the fixed length.
常見錯誤
2. a responsibility that lies on a person because of their role, and that they cann
應盡之責
因身分而落在某人身上的義務
a responsibility that lies on a person because of their role, and that they cannot reasonably refuse.
Looking after the elderly residents fell as an incumbency on the youngest nurses each weekend.
照顧年長住民的工作，每到週末便成為年輕護理師應盡的職責。
an + incumbency + on + person
Tanvi felt the incumbency of explaining the new safety rules to every visitor at the museum.
Tanvi 感受到向每位訪客說明新安全規則是她肩上的責任。
the + incumbency + of + -ing
Reading the contract aloud was an incumbency placed on the head clerk by tradition.
依照傳統，朗讀合約是落在首席書記身上的職責。
passive: incumbency placed on someone
Sade accepted the incumbency of caring for her grandmother without a word of complaint.
Sade 接下照顧祖母的責任，從未抱怨過一句話。
accept + the + incumbency + of + -ing
- the incumbency of caring
- an incumbency on the staff
- felt the incumbency
- duty
everyday word; far less formal
- obligation
broader; can come from law, promise, or role
- responsibility
neutral and common in spoken English
- option
something you can choose to do or not
文法句型
the incumbency of doing something
an incumbency on someone
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1: here the focus is a moral or role-based obligation, not a period in office. Often takes 'of + -ing' or 'on + person'. The adjective 'incumbent (on someone)' is far more common in this meaning.
常見錯誤
同根字
- incumbent名詞C2
- incumbent形容詞C2
- incumbencies名詞C2
常見搭配
名詞搭配
- length of incumbency
- period of incumbency
- year of incumbency
常用片語
- second incumbency
- long incumbency
- his incumbency as [post]
介系詞搭配
- during one's incumbency
- throughout someone's incumbency