incumbency
/ɪnˈkʌmbənsi/ (bre, ipa) · /ɪnˈkʌmbənsi/ (ame, ipa) · /in-ˈkəm-bən(t)-sē/ (ame, mw)
incumbency — 名詞
- incumbencysingular
- incumbenciesplural
1. the job of holding a formal post such as president, senator, or bishop, and the
任期；在任
擔任正式公職的時期
the job of holding a formal post such as president, senator, or bishop, and the stretch of years a particular person stays in that post.
During Mayor Aaron's incumbency, three new public libraries opened across the city.
Aaron 市長任內，市區陸續開設了三座新的公共圖書館。
during + person's + incumbency
The bishop's incumbency lasted nearly twenty years before he retired to the countryside.
這位主教在任期間長達將近二十年，之後便退休到鄉下生活。
noun + lasted + duration
Senator Mayumi announced she would not seek a second incumbency after her current term.
Mayumi 參議員宣布她不會在本屆任期結束後再競選第二任。
Critics argue that long incumbencies in government make leaders distant from ordinary voters.
批評者認為，政府官員長期在任會讓領導人逐漸與一般選民疏離。
The judge marked his tenth year of incumbency by inviting former clerks to the courthouse.
這位法官在任滿十年之際，邀請過去的助理回到法院聚會。
- tenure
broader; covers any job, not only official posts
- term
the fixed length of office, regardless of who holds it
- term of office
more concrete phrase for the same idea
文法句型
during one's incumbency
the incumbency of [person]
用法筆記
Most often paired with possessives or named office-holders (her incumbency, the president's incumbency). Different from 'term' in that it stresses the holder rather than the fixed length.
常見錯誤
2. a responsibility that lies on a person because of their role, and that they cann
應盡之責
因身分而落在某人身上的義務
a responsibility that lies on a person because of their role, and that they cannot reasonably refuse.
Looking after the elderly residents fell as an incumbency on the youngest nurses each weekend.
照顧年長住民的工作，每到週末便成為年輕護理師應盡的職責。
an + incumbency + on + person
Tanvi felt the incumbency of explaining the new safety rules to every visitor at the museum.
Tanvi 感受到向每位訪客說明新安全規則是她肩上的責任。
the + incumbency + of + -ing
Reading the contract aloud was an incumbency placed on the head clerk by tradition.
依照傳統，朗讀合約是落在首席書記身上的職責。
Sade accepted the incumbency of caring for her grandmother without a word of complaint.
Sade 接下照顧祖母的責任，從未抱怨過一句話。
- duty
everyday word; far less formal
- obligation
broader; can come from law, promise, or role
- responsibility
neutral and common in spoken English
- option
something you can choose to do or not
文法句型
the incumbency of doing something
an incumbency on someone
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1: here the focus is a moral or role-based obligation, not a period in office. Often takes 'of + -ing' or 'on + person'. The adjective 'incumbent (on someone)' is far more common in this meaning.