malfunctioning
malfunctioning — 動詞
- malfunctioningpresent simple I / you / we / they
- malfunctionings3rd person singular
- malfunctioninging-ing form
- malfunctioningedpast simple
1. when a machine, device, or system stops working properly or does not do what it
故障；失常
機器或系統運作不正常
when a machine, device, or system stops working properly or does not do what it is supposed to do.
The elevator malfunctioned on Monday morning, trapping three office workers between floors.
星期一早上電梯故障，三名上班族被困在樓層之間。
intransitive: [device] + malfunctioned + on [occasion]
Amara's laptop malfunctioned just before her presentation, so she borrowed a colleague's computer.
Amara 的筆電在簡報前突然失常，她只好借用同事的電腦。
When a ticket machine malfunctions at the station, passengers can show their online booking to the conductor.
車站的售票機故障時，乘客可以向列車長出示線上訂票記錄。
present simple for general-truth situations
The hospital's backup generator malfunctioned during the power cut, activating the emergency lights.
醫院的備用發電機在停電期間故障，啟動了緊急照明燈。
Both printers on the second floor have malfunctioned twice this month, and staff are frustrated.
二樓的兩台印表機這個月都故障了兩次，員工們感到很困擾。
present perfect for repeated incidents
- malfunction on/upon
- malfunction during
- malfunction repeatedly
- malfunction unexpectedly
- break down
more informal; often suggests complete stoppage of a vehicle or large machine
- fail
broader meaning; can apply to plans, relationships, and organs, not just machines
- glitch
informal; describes a small, temporary problem rather than a total failure
- work properly
general opposite; used in everyday speech
- function
neutral and formal opposite; e.g., 'The system functions as expected'
文法句型
[machine/device] + malfunction + on [occasion]
用法筆記
Intransitive only — do not use a direct object after malfunction. Common with machines, electronics, and automated systems rather than living things.
常見錯誤
malfunctioning — 名詞
1. a situation in which a machine, device, or system does not work correctly or sto
異常；故障
系統或設備無法正常運作的情況
a situation in which a machine, device, or system does not work correctly or stops working.
The flight was delayed by three hours because of a mechanical malfunction in the landing gear.
因為起落架出現機械異常，航班延誤了三小時。
a malfunction + in [specific part]
Factory workers reported a serious malfunction in the cooling system and stopped the production line.
工廠工人通報冷卻系統出現嚴重故障，並停止了生產線。
Repeated malfunctions in the traffic lights led the city council to install new hardware across the district.
交通號誌反覆故障，促使市議會在全市各區安裝新的硬體設備。
repeated malfunctions — plural for ongoing or multiple incidents
A software malfunction caused the scheduling system to delete all appointments for the week.
一個軟體異常導致排程系統刪除了當週所有的預約資料。
The engineer traced the malfunction to a single faulty microchip inside the control panel.
工程師將故障追溯至控制面板內一個有缺陷的微晶片。
trace + malfunction + to [source] — detective-style phrasing
- serious malfunction
- mechanical malfunction
- software malfunction
- system malfunction
- repeated malfunctions
- smooth operation
describes the ideal working state of equipment
- proper function
formal register; used in manuals and reports
文法句型
a malfunction + in [part/component/system]
malfunction + of [device]
用法筆記
Countable when referring to a specific instance (one malfunction / several malfunctions), uncountable when describing the general state (the system is prone to malfunction). Technical writing prefers countable usage.
常見錯誤
同根字
- malfunction動詞B2
- malfunction名詞B2
- malfunctional形容詞C1
常見搭配
常用片語
- in operation
- during use
- under normal conditions
介系詞搭配
- due to
- because of
- as a result of