mortem
mortem — 副詞
1. before death; used mainly in medical and forensic writing to indicate that an in
臨死前
死亡之前發生的
before death; used mainly in medical and forensic writing to indicate that an injury, event, or medical condition occurred while the person was still alive.
The coroner determined the wound was inflicted mortem because the hands showed no defensive cuts.
法醫判定傷口是死前造成的，因為雙手沒有防禦性刀傷。
adverb modifying passive verb phrase
Dr. Okafor noted the meal was consumed mortem, based on partially digested food found in the stomach lining.
Okafor 醫師根據胃壁中發現的部分消化食物，判定這頓飯是在死前吃下的。
In suspected poisoning cases, the medical examiner must decide whether the substance was ingested mortem or after the victim collapsed.
在疑似中毒案件中，法醫必須判定該物質是死前攝入的，還是受害者昏倒後才攝入的。
The pathologist concluded the fracture occurred mortem because the microscope showed no bone healing.
病理學家推斷骨折發生在死前，因為顯微鏡下沒有骨頭癒合跡象。
- ante mortem
the standard two-word phrase for this meaning; "mortem" alone is a shortened form used mainly in note-taking or medical shorthand
- pre-mortem
less common; used mostly in medical examinations and legal statements
- perimortem
refers to events around the time of death, not specifically before; broader in scope
- post mortem
refers to events after death, e.g., a post-mortem examination
用法筆記
Very rare as a standalone word in everyday English. Almost always appears as part of the phrase "ante mortem" (before death) or in compound terms like "perimortem" (around the time of death).
常見錯誤
mortem — 形容詞
- mortempositive
- more mortemcomparative
- most mortemsuperlative
1. happening or existing just before death; describes medical conditions, injuries,
死前的
死亡前發生的
happening or existing just before death; describes medical conditions, injuries, or events that occur in the moments or hours before a person dies, especially in contrast to what happens after death.
The mortem injuries on the victim's forearm looked different from the cuts made during the autopsy.
受害者前臂上的死前傷口，看起來與解剖時切開的刀口明顯不同。
adjective modifying noun phrase
Bao examined the mortem blood sample under a microscope, searching for elevated histamine levels from an allergic reaction.
Bao 在顯微鏡下檢查死前的血液樣本，尋找因過敏反應而升高的組織胺濃度。
A mortem examination of the victim's jacket collar revealed sand grains matching the crime scene beach.
對受害者夾克領口的死前檢驗，發現了與案發現場沙灘相符的沙粒。
Mortem ligature marks on the neck proved the rope was applied while the victim was still alive.
頸部的死前勒痕證實繩子是在受害者還活著時套上的。
Mortem X-ray images of the chest showed a fractured rib, which the autopsy later confirmed.
死前的胸部 X 光片顯示一根肋骨骨折，後續解剖也確認了這一點。
- ante mortem
the standard two-word adjective phrase; "ante mortem injuries" is more widely understood than "mortem injuries"
- pre-mortem
used less often but means the same; found mainly in medicine and law
- pre-death
plain English equivalent; simpler for non-specialist readers
- post mortem
relating to events after death, e.g., a post-mortem examination of organs
用法筆記
Commonly appears in the phrase "ante mortem" used as an adjective (e.g., "ante mortem injuries"). The single-word "mortem" form is most frequent in medical records, forensic reports, and coroners' notes where space is limited.