official
/əˈfɪʃl/ (bre, ipa) · /əˈfɪʃl/ (ame, ipa) · /ə-ˈfi-shəl ō-/ (ame, mw) · /əˈfɪʃ.əl/ (bre, ipa) · /əˈfɪʃ.əl/ (ame, ipa)
official — 形容詞
- officialpositive
- more officialcomparative
- most officialsuperlative
1. describing the duties, time, or work that someone carries out as part of a job t
公務的
與某人擔任的職務或工作相關的
describing the duties, time, or work that someone carries out as part of a job that comes with formal responsibility, such as a government or company role.
The mayor's official duties include opening hospitals and meeting visiting leaders.
市長的公務包括為醫院剪綵以及接待來訪的領袖。
attributive: official + duties / role / capacity
Senator Park spent her official hours reading new bills and replying to voters.
朴參議員把職務上的時間用來研讀新法案並回覆選民。
Mr. Tanaka was acting in his official capacity as treasurer when he signed the cheque.
田中先生簽那張支票時，是以財務長的職務身份行事。
The ambassador wore a dark suit for the official meeting with the prime minister.
大使穿了一套深色西裝，出席與首相的正式會晤。
Detective Lopez carried out the search as part of her official work for the police.
羅培茲警探是因警方公務所需，才執行那次搜索。
- professional
broader: covers any paid expert work, not specifically office-holding
- work-related
neutral, no implication of public authority
文法句型
official + noun (duties, capacity, role)
用法筆記
Almost always attributive (before a noun). Distinguish from sense 2: this sense describes the JOB-HOLDER's own activity, while sense 2 describes things sanctioned BY an authority.
常見錯誤
2. approved, set up, or carried out by people with the power to make rules — for ex
官方的
由有權者批准或舉辦的
approved, set up, or carried out by people with the power to make rules — for example a government, a school, or the leaders of a company — so it counts as the proper version.
The official price of the train ticket from Taipei to Kaohsiung is 1,490 dollars.
從台北到高雄的官方車票價格是一千四百九十元。
attributive: official + concrete noun (price, list, ban)
Lin Yu-ting carried the official flag of Taiwan into the Olympic stadium.
林郁婷把台灣的正式國旗扛進了奧運會場。
The school's official uniform is a navy jacket with grey trousers.
這所學校的正式制服是海軍藍外套配灰色長褲。
There will be an official ceremony on Friday to mark the opening of the new bridge.
週五將舉行一場正式典禮，慶祝新橋啟用。
The protest is not yet official, so the union may still call it off.
這場罷工尚未取得官方認可，工會仍可能取消。
- authorized
stresses being given permission, slightly more legal in tone
- formal
stresses ceremony or set procedure rather than authority
- approved
softer; means a decision-maker has agreed, but not necessarily public
- unofficial
lacking the approval of an authority
- informal
outside set procedures, often friendly
文法句型
official + noun
be + official
用法筆記
Subject or modified noun is usually a thing or event that an authority can grant status to (price, language, ceremony, ban, uniform). Distinguish from sense 1: here the focus is on AUTHORIZATION, not on whose job it is.
常見錯誤
3. of news, results, or facts: confirmed in public by someone in charge, so people
確定的
經有權者公開證實，不再是傳聞
of news, results, or facts: confirmed in public by someone in charge, so people can now treat the information as definite rather than rumour.
It's official: Maria and Daniel are getting married next spring in Lisbon.
確定了：瑪莉亞和丹尼爾明年春天要在里斯本結婚。
fixed opener: It's official (+ that-clause / colon)
The election results became official at midnight, after every district had counted its votes.
選舉結果在午夜正式出爐，每個區都已完成計票。
The transfer is now official, and Ronaldo will play his first match for the new club on Saturday.
轉會已正式定案，羅納度週六將為新球隊出戰首場比賽。
The coach made the line-up official by posting it on the team's website.
教練把先發名單貼上球隊網站，正式公布陣容。
Until the doctor signs the form, the diagnosis is not yet official.
醫生簽好那份表格之前，這項診斷還不算正式確定。
- unofficial
not yet publicly confirmed; rumoured
- rumoured
talked about but not yet announced as fact
文法句型
it's official (that-clause)
make + something + official
用法筆記
Frequently predicative, especially in the colloquial opener 'It's official, ...'. Subject is typically a piece of news, a result, or a status change. Differs from sense 2 (AUTHORIZED): here the news already exists; the authority simply CONFIRMS it publicly.
常見錯誤
4. of a language, name, or currency: formally adopted by a national or regional gov
法定的
經政府指定為國家通用的
of a language, name, or currency: formally adopted by a national or regional government as the one used for laws, schools, and public documents.
Mandarin is one of the official languages of Singapore, alongside English, Malay, and Tamil.
華語是新加坡的官方語言之一，另有英語、馬來語和泰米爾語。
official + language(s) — list pattern with 'alongside'
The official currency of Japan is the yen, and shops rarely accept other money.
日本的法定貨幣是日圓，店家很少收其他錢。
The country's official name is the Kingdom of Bhutan, although people often shorten it.
這個國家的官方名稱是不丹王國，雖然人們常會簡稱。
Welsh became an official language of Wales in 2011, equal in status to English.
威爾斯語在二○一一年成為威爾斯的官方語言，地位與英語相同。
Schools in Quebec must teach in French, the province's official language.
魁北克的學校必須以法語授課，那是該省的官方語言。
- unofficial
spoken widely but not chosen by the government
文法句型
official + language / currency / name
用法筆記
Always attributive. Modified noun is a small set: language, currency, name, anthem, residence, religion, holiday. Differs from sense 2 (AUTHORIZED): here the noun is something a state formally adopts as the standard one for the country.
常見錯誤
official — 名詞
- officialsingular
- officialsplural
1. a person whose job is to make decisions or carry out duties on behalf of a gover
官員；幹部
在政府或大型組織擔任職務的人
a person whose job is to make decisions or carry out duties on behalf of a government, a large company, or another organization that holds power.
A senior official at the foreign ministry refused to comment on the leaked report.
外交部一位資深官員拒絕對外流的報告作出評論。
[adjective] + official + at/from/of + organization
Two health officials visited the school on Monday to check the canteen kitchens.
兩位衛生官員週一到那所學校檢查餐廳廚房。
The president met union officials for three hours before signing the new wage deal.
總統與工會幹部商談三個小時，才簽下新的薪資協議。
Customs officials at the airport stopped Mr. Reyes and searched his luggage.
機場海關官員攔下了雷耶斯先生，並搜查他的行李。
Local officials in Hsinchu have promised to clean up the river by next year.
新竹的地方官員承諾，明年之前要把那條河整治乾淨。
- officer
often used for police, army, or specific posts; narrower
- bureaucrat
negative tone; suggests rigid, paperwork-loving administrator
- administrator
neutral; stresses managing rather than authority
- civilian
ordinary citizen with no public post
文法句型
[adjective] + official
official + of/from/at + organization
用法筆記
Countable, often plural. Strongly preceded by a domain adjective (government, party, customs, health, union, local) or by 'senior / junior'. The organization usually follows with 'at', 'from', or 'of'.
常見錯誤
2. a person at a sports match whose job is to watch the play, signal what happens,
裁判
比賽中負責執法的人
a person at a sports match whose job is to watch the play, signal what happens, and check that every team obeys the rules — for example a referee, umpire, or line judge.
The match officials checked the video before allowing the goal to stand.
比賽裁判看完錄影回放，才判定那球進球有效。
officials + check / allow / award / disqualify
Three officials, dressed in black, ran onto the field at the start of the rugby final.
三位身穿黑衣的裁判在橄欖球決賽開賽時跑進場內。
The officials disqualified the swimmer for starting before the whistle.
那名選手因為哨音響起前就出發，被裁判取消資格。
Coach Park argued with the officials after the second yellow card of the night.
當晚出現第二張黃牌後，朴教練便和裁判爭論起來。
Tennis officials stopped play when heavy rain began to fall on the centre court.
中央球場下起大雨，網球裁判隨即叫停比賽。
文法句型
officials + verb (call, signal, allow, disqualify)
用法筆記
Often plural ('the officials'), referring to the whole team of judges at a match. Distinguish from sense 1: here the post is tied to a single sporting event, not to an organization or government.