old
old — 形容詞
- oldpositive
- oldercomparative
- oldestsuperlative
1. having lived for many years, or having been around for many years; the opposite
年老的;舊的
活了或存在很多年的;不年輕、不新的
having lived for many years, or having been around for many years; the opposite of young or new.
Roya's grandmother is ninety-two and still drives her old red car to the market.
Roya 的奶奶九十二歲,仍然開著她那台老舊的紅色汽車去市場。
modifying both a person and an object
The wooden bridge is too old to carry trucks across the river.
這座木橋太老舊,無法讓卡車駛過河。
predicative use after 'be'
An old man with a white beard sat reading on the park bench.
一位留著白鬍子的老先生坐在公園長椅上看書。
attributive: old + noun
Eitan replaced the old batteries in his torch before the camping trip.
Eitan 在露營前換掉了手電筒裡的舊電池。
old vs. new contrast
The library keeps very old books in a special locked room.
圖書館把非常古老的書放在一間特別上鎖的房間裡。
- very old
- really old
- an old man
- an old woman
- old age
用法筆記
Covers both people and things. For people, 'older' is often softer and more polite than 'old'; many speakers say 'an older woman' instead of 'an old woman' to avoid sounding rude.
常見錯誤
2. not right for someone because the thing was made for people of a higher age grou
對…太成熟
為較大年齡層設計、不適合此人的
not right for someone because the thing was made for people of a higher age group.
That cartoon is too old for my four-year-old nephew; it has scary monsters.
那部卡通對我四歲的姪子來說太成人,裡面有恐怖的怪物。
pattern: too old for + person
Meera said the novel felt a bit old for her ten-year-old daughter.
Meera 說那本小說對她十歲的女兒來說有點太老成。
softened with 'a bit'
The teacher chose a film that was not too old for a class of seven-year-olds.
老師選了一部對七歲的班級來說不會太成熟的電影。
Ryo loved the museum, but the science labels were a little old for him at age six.
Ryo 很喜歡那間博物館,但那些科學說明牌對六歲的他來說有點太老成。
- too old for
- a bit old for
- a little old for
- young
as in 'too young for' the same audience
用法筆記
Almost always paired with 'too' or 'a bit', and with 'for + person'. Distinguish from sense 1: here the thing itself is not aged — it is simply pitched at an older audience.
常見錯誤
3. of a stated age, or used in questions to ask the age of a person, animal, or thi
…歲;幾歲
用來描述或詢問年齡
of a stated age, or used in questions to ask the age of a person, animal, or thing.
Caleb, how old is the brown puppy your sister just adopted?
Caleb,你的小狗幾歲了?
question pattern: How old + be?
Tuan turned six years old last Tuesday and blew out every candle himself.
Tuan 上週二剛滿六歲。
number + years old
The painting is almost four hundred years old.
這幅畫已經將近四百年的歷史。
for objects, not just people
My twin sisters are both nine months old this week.
我的雙胞胎妹妹這週都是九個月大。
months old for babies
How old do I have to be to apply for a driver's licence?
我必須幾歲才能申請駕照?
- years old
- months old
- weeks old
- How old
- a [number]-year-old
文法句型
number + years old
How old + be + subject?
用法筆記
The pattern is fixed: 'number + years/months/weeks + old' (never 'old + years'). For babies, use 'months' or 'weeks' old. Also used in compounds before nouns: 'a six-year-old boy' (with hyphens, no plural 's' on year).
常見錯誤
4. belonging to your own past — something you once used, owned, lived in, or had a
以前的
屬於過去某段時期的,或已被取代的
belonging to your own past — something you once used, owned, lived in, or had a role in, and now no longer do, such as a former school, job, address, or pair of shoes you have replaced.
Mauricio still keeps an old letter from his first piano teacher in his desk drawer.
Mauricio 仍把他第一位鋼琴老師寫的舊信留在書桌抽屜裡。
before noun: 'old letter'
Anya bumped into an old classmate from primary school at the supermarket.
Anya 在超市偶然遇到一位小學時的老同學。
former relationship
We sold our old apartment in Berlin before moving to the countryside.
我們搬到鄉下之前,把柏林那間舊公寓賣掉了。
previous and now replaced
Hiroshi found a box of his old school reports while clearing out his parents' attic.
Hiroshi 在清理父母家閣樓時,找到一箱以前的學校成績單。
personal past possession with possessive 'his'
Eric ran into his old boss at the conference and they shared a coffee.
Eric 在會議上巧遇前老闆,兩人一起喝了杯咖啡。
former + role noun
- old friend (from school)
- old job
- old school
- old days
- old times
用法筆記
Subject is a person whose past the noun belonged to — typical objects are roles ('old boss', 'old teacher'), places ('old flat', 'old neighbourhood'), and personal possessions ('old jeans', 'old phone'). The marker for this sense is a possessive determiner ('my old', 'her old', 'our old') signalling that the speaker has since moved on from that thing.
常見錯誤
5. used with the name of a language to mean its earliest recorded form, spoken many
古…語
某語言最早期的歷史形式
used with the name of a language to mean its earliest recorded form, spoken many centuries ago.
Zuri is studying Old English so she can read the original poem 'Beowulf'.
Zuri 正在學古英語,這樣她就能讀到《貝奧武夫》的原文。
Old + language name (capitalised)
The professor read a passage in Old Norse to the class.
教授對全班朗讀了一段古諾斯語。
Petra's professor showed the class a parchment manuscript written in Old High German.
Petra 的教授給全班看了一份用古高地德語寫成的羊皮紙手稿。
Noor's thesis compares Old French verbs with their Latin roots.
Noor 的論文比較古法語動詞和它們的拉丁語詞根。
academic register
- Old English
- Old Norse
- Old French
- Old High German
- Ancient
used with some languages: 'Ancient Greek' rather than 'Old Greek'
- Modern
as in 'Modern English', 'Modern Greek'
用法筆記
Used as a fixed prefix to a language name and almost always written with a capital O: Old English, Old Norse, Old French. Refers to a historical stage roughly before AD 1200, depending on the language. Distinguish from sense 4: an 'old book' is just a book of any considerable age; an 'Old English' text is from a specific historical period.
常見錯誤
6. describing a person or place you have known well over many years, usually with w
認識很久的
認識或熟悉已久、帶有感情的
describing a person or place you have known well over many years, usually with warm or affectionate feelings.
Adina met an old friend from university for lunch in the same café they used to visit.
Adina 和大學時代的老朋友在他們以前常去的同一間咖啡館共進午餐。
old friend collocation
Walking through her old neighbourhood, Élise recognised every shop and tree.
走在從小住的舊社區裡,Élise 認得每一家店和每一棵樹。
old + place noun
Lucía and Christopher are old colleagues who first worked together in 2010.
Lucía 和 Christopher 是老同事,他們從 2010 年就開始共事。
long-standing relationship
The pub on the corner is an old favourite of ours on rainy Sundays.
街角那間酒館是我們在下雨星期天最愛去的老地方。
an old favourite
- an old friend
- an old colleague
- an old favourite
- an old haunt
- old neighbourhood
- long-standing
more formal; works for friendships, agreements, traditions
- lifelong
stronger; lasting an entire life
- longtime
common in American English; written as one word
- new
as in 'a new friend' — recently met
用法筆記
Always used directly before the noun. The age of the person is irrelevant — an 'old friend' can be twenty years old, as long as the friendship itself is long. To stress age instead, say 'an elderly friend' or 'a friend who is getting old'.
常見錯誤
7. placed before someone's name, or before a word like 'man' or 'chap', as a way of
那個…
用於名字前表達親切或無奈,非真年老
placed before someone's name, or before a word like 'man' or 'chap', as a way of expressing friendly feelings or, occasionally, mild irritation toward them.
Good old Liam — he always remembers everyone's birthday.
親愛的 Liam,他總是記得每個人的生日。
good old + name (warm)
Poor old Caleb missed the bus again and walked all the way home.
可憐的 Caleb 又錯過了公車,一路走回了家。
poor old + name (sympathetic)
Cheer up, old chap — the weather will clear by tomorrow.
別灰心,老兄,明天天氣就會放晴了。
old chap as friendly address (British)
Silly old me, I left my keys in the office again.
我這個糊塗蛋,又把鑰匙忘在辦公室了。
silly old + pronoun (self-mocking)
- good old
- poor old
- silly old
- old chap
- old boy
- dear
warmer, more old-fashioned: 'dear old Aunt May'
用法筆記
Highly informal and emotional, not literal — the person can be young. Almost always inside fixed frames: 'good old X', 'poor old X', 'silly old X', 'old chap', 'old boy'. 'Old chap' and 'old boy' are mainly British and now sound dated; safer for learners to recognise than to use.
常見錯誤
any old…
idiomUsed to refer to any item of a particular type when the specific one does not matter.
隨便哪個
Just grab any old book from the shelf to read.
Can I use any old cup, or do you want a specific one?
any old how
idiomIn a careless or disorganized manner.
亂七八糟地
He threw his clothes on the floor any old how.
The papers were scattered any old how across the desk.
as old as the hills
idiomExtremely old; ancient.
極其古老
That legend is as old as the hills.
My grandmother's recipe is as old as the hills.
To behave in the same bad way as before.
故技重施
Tom is up to his old tricks again, hiding his homework.
She was up to her old tricks, spreading rumors about coworkers.
A person who is very similar to their parent in appearance or behavior.
一模一樣
Young Mia is a chip off the old block, just like her mother.
He's a chip off the old block; he plays guitar like his dad.
for old times’ sake
idiomDone because it reminds you of happy times in the past.
看在舊日情分上
We met for coffee for old times' sake.
Let's sing that song for old times' sake.
To dismiss someone from a job or end a relationship with them.
解僱;甩掉
The company gave him the old heave-ho after the scandal.
She gave her boyfriend the heave-ho last week.
An earlier period in life or history seen as better or worse than the present.
美好/糟糕的往日
Grandpa often talks about the good old days.
Those were the bad old days of strict rationing.
A very old age, often used with a number.
高齡
She learned to swim at the grand old age of 80.
He retired at the grand old age of 75.
A respected man who has been in a profession for a long time.
元老
He is the grand old man of British theatre.
Dr. Smith, the grand old man of physics, gave a lecture.
have a high old time
idiomTo enjoy oneself very much.
玩得很開心
The kids had a high old time at the amusement park.
We had a high old time dancing all night.
in old money
idiomUsing older or more traditional units of measurement.
用舊制
The distance is 10 kilometers, or about 6 miles in old money.
It weighs 500 grams, which is just over a pound in old money.
Money earned very easily with little effort.
容易賺的錢
Babysitting for an hour was money for old rope.
That job is money for jam; you just sit and watch.
An older person acting foolishly is worse than a younger one because they should know better.
老糊塗最糊塗
He fell for the scam again; there's no fool like an old fool.
She invested in that risky scheme—no fool like an old fool.
of old
idiomIn or since past times.
從前;很久以來
In days of old, knights rode horses.
We know him of old as a reliable friend.
A friendly way for older men of a certain social class to address another man.
老兄
Cheer up, old boy, things will get better.
Hello, old chap, how are you today?
Much older than someone, especially suggesting a romantic relationship is inappropriate.
年紀足以當某人的父母
He's dating a woman young enough to be his daughter.
She's old enough to be his mother; it's weird.
Old enough to behave more sensibly than one actually did.
年紀不小了,應該懂事了
He's 15 and old enough to know better than to run in the hall.
She's old enough to know better than to talk back to her teacher.
A young person who acts more sensibly than expected for their age.
少年老成
At 12, she has an old head on young shoulders.
He's only 16 but has an old head on young shoulders.
the (same) old story
idiomWhat usually happens, often a negative situation.
老一套
It's the same old story: he lost his keys again.
The project failed—the same old story of poor planning.
an old wives’ tale
idiomAn old belief that is now known to be untrue.
無稽之談
Eating carrots improves your eyesight is an old wives' tale.
Don't believe that old wives' tale about cracking your knuckles.
An old-fashioned person who prefers traditional methods.
老派人物
My grandfather is one of the old school; he writes letters by hand.
She's one of the old school, believing in strict discipline.
A very old age, often used with a number.
高壽
He lived to the ripe old age of 95.
She passed away at the ripe old age of 100.
To punish someone who has harmed you in the past.
報仇;算舊帳
He wanted to settle an old score with his rival.
She settled accounts with the man who cheated her.
It is difficult to make people change long-held habits or methods.
老狗學不了新把戲
My dad refuses to use a smartphone; you can't teach an old dog new tricks.
She won't change her routine—can't teach an old dog new tricks.
Very strong and able to handle difficult conditions.
非常堅強
Despite her age, Grandma is as tough as old boots.
The soldier was as tough as nails after years of training.
old — 名詞
1. the old: elderly people thought of as one group, especially when discussing thei
老人(族群)
被視為一個群體的年長者
the old: elderly people thought of as one group, especially when discussing their needs or rights in society.
The new clinic offers free flu shots to the old and the very young.
這間新診所為老人和幼童提供免費流感疫苗。
the old (+ the young)
In many villages, the old are cared for at home rather than in nursing centres.
在許多村莊,老人在家中受到照顧,而不是住進安養機構。
plural verb agreement: are
Government policy must protect the old from rising heating costs this winter.
今年冬天,政府政策必須保護老人免於不斷上漲的暖氣費用。
Volunteers deliver hot meals to the old who live alone in this district.
志工們為這個區裡獨居的老人送熱餐。
- the old and the young
- care for the old
- the old and the sick
- the elderly
more polite and more common in everyday speech
- senior citizens
neutral; common in official or American contexts
- older people
softest and most respectful in modern usage
- the young
young people as a group
文法句型
the old
用法筆記
Always 'the old' (with 'the'), takes a plural verb, and never takes a plural 's'. Common in news articles, policy writing, and pairs like 'the old and the young', 'the rich and the poor'. In everyday speech, many speakers prefer 'older people' or 'the elderly' as a more respectful alternative.
常見錯誤
同根字
- older形容詞A1
- oldest形容詞A1
- oldness名詞C1
- olden形容詞C2
- old-fashioned形容詞B1
- old-school形容詞B2
常見搭配
名詞搭配
- old age
- old man
- old woman
- old friend
- old days
- old times
- old house
- old car
副詞搭配
- very old
- really old
- incredibly old
- centuries old
- fairly old
常用片語
- good old
- the good old days
- old enough to know better
- as old as the hills
介系詞搭配
- old for (a stage / audience)
- old enough to (do something)
- old at heart