working-class
/ˌwɜːkɪŋ ˈklɑːs/ (bre, ipa) · /ˌwɜːrkɪŋ ˈklæs/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈwər-kiŋ-ˈklas/ (ame, mw) · /ˌwɜː.kɪŋ ˈklɑːs/ (bre, ipa) · /ˌwɝː.kɪŋ ˈklæs/ (ame, ipa)
working-class — 形容詞
1. connected with people or communities who live mainly on wages, especially from p
勞工階級的
屬於靠工資維生的勞動階層
connected with people or communities who live mainly on wages, especially from practical or manual jobs
Harper grew up in a working-class area where her parents ran a small bakery.
Harper 在一個勞工階級的地區長大，父母經營著一間小麵包店。
working-class + area / family background
Ritu wrote a play about working-class mothers juggling rent, school fees, and night shifts.
Ritu 寫了一齣描寫勞工階級母親如何同時應付房租、學費和夜班的戲。
common pattern: working-class + people group
The museum now collects working-class stories from shipyards and factory towns along the river.
這間博物館現在蒐集來自河邊造船廠與工業城鎮的勞工階級故事。
Omar felt out of place at college because his working-class accent drew rude jokes.
Omar 在大學裡覺得格格不入，因為他的勞工階級口音引來了無禮的玩笑。
The film shows how a working-class family saved for years to buy one car.
這部電影呈現了一個勞工階級家庭如何存了多年才買得起一輛車。
- blue-collar
narrower; points more directly to manual or industrial jobs
- low-income
focuses on money level only, not work culture or class identity
- lower-class
more judgmental; stresses low social rank rather than wage work
- middle-class
connected with people in the broad professional or office-based social group
- upper-class
connected with the wealthiest and most socially powerful group
文法句型
working-class + noun
be + working-class
用法筆記
Most often placed before a noun, as in working-class family or working-class area. After 'be', it usually describes a person's background or identity rather than a single job title.
常見錯誤
working-class — 名詞
1. the social group formed by wage-paid workers, especially people in practical or
勞工階級
主要靠工資生活的社會群體
the social group formed by wage-paid workers, especially people in practical or manual jobs
Caleb says the working class kept the city running during the winter strike.
Caleb 說，在冬季罷工期間，正是勞工階級讓這座城市維持運轉。
the working class as one social group
After the mill closed, the working class in town lost hundreds of stable jobs.
工廠關閉後，鎮上的勞工階級失去了數百個穩定的工作。
Yasmin's grandfather joined the working class at fourteen and never finished school.
Yasmin 的祖父十四歲就成了勞工階級的一員，之後再也沒有完成學業。
On the debate stage, Anong said the working class needed cheaper rents, not more slogans.
在辯論台上，Anong 說勞工階級需要的是更便宜的租金，不是更多口號。
During the march, the working classes demanded safer mines and shorter hours.
遊行期間，各個勞工階級群體都要求更安全的礦坑和更短的工時。
- the labouring class
more historical or formal; less common in everyday speech
- wage earners
focuses on being paid wages, not on wider class identity
- ordinary workers
broader and less fixed as a social-class label
- the middle class
the broad group with more stable office or professional work
- the upper class
the wealthiest and most influential social group
文法句型
the working class
members of the working class
the working classes
用法筆記
Usually used with 'the' when you mean the social group as a whole. Use the adjective sense before another noun, as in working-class family or working-class district.