excusing

IPA/ɪkˈskjuːz/
KK[ɪkskjˈuzɪŋ]IPA/ɪkˈskjuːz/

excusing — verb

  • excusingpresent simple I / you / we / they
  • excusings3rd person singular
  • excusinging-ing form
  • excusingedpast simple

1. to tell someone that you no longer blame them for a minor mistake, wrong act, or

1.verbtransitiveB1
Definition

to tell someone that you no longer blame them for a minor mistake, wrong act, or lack of politeness, choosing to let the matter go.

Example

Salma excused her brother's rude joke and did not bring it up again.

excuse + possessive + noun (someone's behavior)

Please excuse my messy handwriting — I wrote this on the bus.

Common collocations
  • excuse a mistake
  • excuse the delay
  • excuse someone's behavior
Synonyms
  • forgive

    stronger emotional weight, used for both small and serious wrongs

  • overlook

    suggests choosing not to notice the fault at all

  • pardon

    more formal; often used in official or legal contexts

Antonyms
  • blame

    to hold someone responsible for the fault

  • condemn

    much stronger, expressing strong disapproval

Grammar Patterns

excuse + noun phrase (the fault, the mistake, the behavior)

Usage Note

Typically used for minor faults, not serious crimes or moral failings. The object is often a behavior, mistake, or lack of politeness rather than the person themselves.

Common Mistakes

He excused stealing the money.
He excused his friend's minor mistake.
'excuse' is for small faults, not serious offenses like theft.

2. to free someone from a duty, class, meeting, or other obligation that would norm

2.verbtransitiveB1
Definition

to free someone from a duty, class, meeting, or other obligation that would normally apply to them.

Example

The doctor excused Stefan from gym class because of his broken arm.

excuse + person + from + noun phrase

Students who had finished the reading list were excused from the final test.

passive: be excused from [obligation]

Common collocations
  • excuse from class
  • excuse from work
  • excuse from duty
Synonyms
  • release

    slightly more informal; suggests letting someone go from a duty

  • exempt

    more formal, often official or legal; suggests a permanent exception

Antonyms
  • require

    to demand attendance or participation

  • obligate

    to bind someone to a duty

Grammar Patterns

excuse + person + from + noun phrase

Usage Note

Frequently used in the passive (be excused from). The subject is typically an authority figure (teacher, doctor, parent, manager). The obligation is often school, work, or social events.

Common Mistakes

The teacher excused him to do homework.
The teacher excused him from doing homework.
'excuse from' means release, not assign.

3. a polite expression spoken to a stranger whose attention you want before speakin

3.verbA2
Definition

a polite expression spoken to a stranger whose attention you want before speaking to them, for instance to ask a question or to hand them something.

Example

Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the train station from here?

Excuse me, + request for directions

Excuse me, do you know what time the museum opens tomorrow?

Synonyms
  • pardon me

    slightly more formal, less common in everyday speech

Grammar Patterns

Excuse me, + question / request

Usage Note

Distinguish from MOVE PAST (sense 4): this sense opens a conversation, while sense 4 asks for physical passage. Distinguish from DISAGREE (sense 7 in another batch): this sense does NOT challenge the listener's statement.

Common Mistakes

❌ Using 'Sorry' instead of 'Excuse me' to get attention: 'Sorry, where is the bank?' → use 'Excuse me' for attention and 'sorry' after an accident.

4. said politely when you need someone to move aside, allowing you to continue walk

4.verbA2
Definition

said politely when you need someone to move aside, allowing you to continue walking through a crowded or tight space.

Example

Excuse me, I need to get off the bus at the next stop.

Excuse me, + reason for needing to pass

Excuse me, could you move your bag so I can sit down?

Synonyms
  • pardon me

    more formal, used in British English

Grammar Patterns

Excuse me, + request to pass

Usage Note

Often accompanied by body language (touching a shoulder, moving past). Unlike GET ATTENTION (sense 3), this sense is always about physical movement through a space.

Common Mistakes

Sorry, I need to get past.
Excuse me, I need to get past.
Use 'excuse me' (before the action), not 'sorry' (which is for after an accident).

5. said to let others know you are going away from a group, a room, or an event, us

5.verbA2
Definition

said to let others know you are going away from a group, a room, or an event, usually for a short time or for a particular reason.

Example

Excuse me for a moment — I need to take this call from my boss.

Excuse me + for a moment (temporary departure)

Excuse me, but I really must get home before it gets dark outside.

Common collocations
  • excuse yourself from the table
  • excuse yourself from the room

Grammar Patterns

Excuse me, + statement of leaving

excuse + reflexive pronoun (+ from + noun)

Usage Note

When used with a reflexive pronoun (excuse oneself), it describes gracefully leaving a social situation. The plain 'Excuse me' form is for brief or immediate departures.

Common Mistakes

Excuse me, I go.
Excuse me, I have to go.' or 'Excuse me for a moment.
The phrase needs a complete sentence explaining the departure.

6. used as a polite way of saying you are sorry for a small accidental action, such

6.verbA2
Definition

used as a polite way of saying you are sorry for a small accidental action, such as bumping into someone, interrupting, or making a noise.

Example

Oh, excuse me — I did not see you standing behind me.

Excuse me for a minor physical accident

Excuse me, I accidentally spilled coffee on your desk. Let me clean it up.

Synonyms
  • sorry

    more common for apologies; 'excuse me' is lighter and more automatic for tiny accidents

Grammar Patterns

Excuse me, + explanation / apology

Usage Note

Distinguish from APOLOGIZE FOR ACCIDENT using 'sorry': 'Excuse me' is used for very small accidents right as or right after they happen. For more serious mistakes, native speakers use 'I'm sorry' or 'I apologize'.

Common Mistakes

Excuse me for being late by an hour.
I'm sorry for being late by an hour.
Use 'I'm sorry' for bigger or more serious mistakes.

7. used to politely introduce an opinion that is different from what someone else h

7.verbA2
Definition

used to politely introduce an opinion that is different from what someone else has just said, or to correct someone without being rude.

Example

Excuse me, but I think you have misunderstood the main point of the article.

Excuse me, Emre, but the store closes at nine, not eight.

formula: 'Excuse me, [name], but...' for polite correction

Synonyms
  • pardon me

    more formal, used especially in American English

8. used as a polite way to ask someone to say again what they have just said, becau

8.verbA2
Definition

used as a polite way to ask someone to say again what they have just said, because you did not hear or understand it.

Example

Excuse me? I did not hear your question about the project deadline.

Excuse me? Could you repeat that last instruction more slowly?

rising intonation: 'Excuse me?' to signal you did not hear

Synonyms
  • sorry

    informal; common in British English, e.g. 'Sorry, what did you say?'

  • pardon

    formal, used especially in British English

9. to offer reasons for something wrong or unpleasant that you or someone else has

9.verbtransitiveB2
Definition

to offer reasons for something wrong or unpleasant that you or someone else has done, in order to make it seem less serious or to avoid blame.

Example

Talia tried to excuse her rude comments by claiming she was just joking.

pattern: excuse + someone's + behaviour/comments

Luca excused himself for leaving the party early by saying he felt ill.

pattern: excuse + oneself + for + gerund

Common collocations
  • excuse + behaviour / conduct / comments / absence / mistake / lateness
  • excuse + oneself
  • excuse + someone + for + doing something
Synonyms
  • justify

    stronger; suggests providing logical reasons rather than simply avoiding blame

  • rationalize

    implies creating seemingly reasonable explanations that may not reflect the true reason

  • defend

    focuses on arguing against an accusation rather than explaining away wrongdoing

Antonyms
  • blame

    to say someone is responsible for something wrong, the opposite of excusing

  • accuse

    to state that someone has done something wrong, before any excuse is given

Grammar Patterns

excuse + noun phrase

excuse + oneself + for + gerund

excuse + noun phrase + by + gerund

Usage Note

Frequently used with a reflexive pronoun (excuse yourself) followed by 'for' and a gerund when explaining your own actions.

Common Mistakes

He excused for being late.
He excused himself for being late.
The verb 'excuse' requires an object; use a reflexive pronoun when explaining your own behaviour.

excusing — noun

Word family

Synonym discussion

Sense: verb/1

Excuse, forgive, pardon, and overlook all involve not holding someone responsible for a fault, but they differ in emotional weight and context. 'Excuse' (the mildest, common in everyday speech) focuses on letting a minor mistake go without consequences — you excuse a late arrival or a rude comment. 'Forgive' carries stronger emotional depth: forgiving involves releasing feelings of anger or resentment, often for more serious wrongs (e.g., forgiving a betrayal). 'Pardon' is more formal and often legal in tone (the governor pardoned the prisoner). In everyday use it is primarily British and somewhat old-fashioned ('Pardon me'). 'Overlook' means choosing to ignore a fault deliberately without confronting it — you overlook a typo in a report or overlook a colleague's bad mood. Use 'excuse' for small social mistakes, 'forgive' for deeper personal hurt, and 'overlook' when you simply decide not to mention the fault at all.

Common collocations

Phrases

  • excuse me
  • if you'll excuse me
  • with your permission
  • beg your pardon

Prepositions

Etymology

LatinOld FrenchMiddle EnglishModern English

The word 'excuse' comes from Latin 'excusare', meaning 'to free from blame' — formed from 'ex-' (out of, away) and 'causa' (accusation, cause). It passed through Old French 'escuser' and entered Middle English in the 13th century as 'excuse(n)'. The gerund form 'excusing' follows the standard English pattern of adding '-ing' to a verb base. Over centuries the word broadened from a legal sense of releasing someone from an accusation to everyday forgiveness, and later developed the social politeness formulas ('Excuse me') that are now its most frequent uses.

First known use

13th century

13th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a Noun