wished

IPA/wɪʃ/
KK[wˈɪʃt]IPA/wɪʃ/

wished — verb

  • wishedpresent simple I / you / we / they
  • wisheds3rd person singular
  • wisheding-ing form
  • wishededpast simple

1. saying you are unhappy that the way things are right now is not the way you want

1.verbtransitiveA2
Definition

saying you are unhappy that the way things are right now is not the way you want them to be — used with a past-tense verb to talk about the present

Example

Fatima wishes she spoke better French so she could apply for the job.

wish + past simple for present ability

Kwame wishes his apartment had a bigger kitchen for cooking family meals.

Common collocations
  • wish desperately
  • wish with all one's heart
  • wish things were different
Synonyms
  • regret

    focuses on the feeling of sorrow, without the wishing element

  • long for

    emphasises deep emotional desire rather than dissatisfaction with reality

Grammar Patterns

wish + past simple clause

Usage Note

The past simple verb refers to the present, not the past. Distinguish from sense 2, where the past perfect refers to a real past event.

Common Mistakes

I wish I am taller.
I wish I was taller.
after 'wish' for present situations, use the past simple, not the present simple.

2. feeling sad or sorry that something happened, or did not happen, at an earlier t

2.verbtransitiveB1
Definition

feeling sad or sorry that something happened, or did not happen, at an earlier time — used together with 'had' and a past participle

Example

Amir wishes he had studied medicine instead of law when he was at university.

wish + had + past participle for past regret

Mei wishes she had taken the train rather than driving through the fierce storm.

Common collocations
  • wish someone had never
  • wish with hindsight
Synonyms
  • regret

    more direct; takes a gerund ('regret doing'), not a clause with a new subject

  • rue

    literary and old-fashioned; implies deep sorrow about a past choice

Grammar Patterns

wish + had + past participle

Usage Note

The past perfect (had + past participle) refers to a real past event that cannot be changed. Distinguish from sense 1, where the past simple refers to the present.

Common Mistakes

I wish I studied harder for the exam yesterday.
I wish I had studied harder for the exam yesterday.
when the event is in the past, use 'had' + past participle, not the past simple alone.

3. to feel a strong want for something, often something that is hard to get or that

3.verbtransitive / intransitiveB1
Definition

to feel a strong want for something, often something that is hard to get or that you hope will happen one day

Example

Zuri wishes to learn three new languages before she turns thirty.

wish + to-infinitive for personal ambition

The young artist wishes for nothing more than a quiet room to paint in.

Common collocations
  • wish to speak
  • wish to remain anonymous
  • wish for peace
  • wish for a miracle
Synonyms
  • desire

    stronger and more intense; often used for romantic or passionate wants

  • want

    more everyday and direct; lacking the sense of longing or difficulty

Antonyms
  • reject

    to refuse something offered or possible

Grammar Patterns

wish + to-infinitive

wish + for + noun

Usage Note

Often more formal than 'want.' 'Wish to' is common in polite requests; 'wish for' suggests a deeper, sometimes unattainable longing.

Common Mistakes

I wish visiting Japan.
I wish to visit Japan.
after 'wish' meaning desire, use 'to' + infinitive or 'for' + noun, not a gerund.

4. used when you are annoyed or cross with what somebody is doing, followed by a cl

4.verbtransitiveB1
Definition

used when you are annoyed or cross with what somebody is doing, followed by a clause with 'would'

Example

Sofia wishes her neighbour would stop playing loud music after midnight.

wish + would for expressing irritation

The restaurant staff wish the customers would not leave such a mess behind.

Common collocations
  • wish someone would stop
  • wish someone would hurry up
  • wish someone would leave
Synonyms
  • if only

    same meaning but more emphatic and can stand without a main clause

  • itch for

    informal; implies restless impatience rather than direct annoyance

Grammar Patterns

wish + would + infinitive

Usage Note

The subject of the 'would' clause must be someone or something other than the speaker. 'I wish I would' is not used.

Common Mistakes

I wish I would stop smoking.
I wish I could stop smoking.
never use 'I wish I would'; use 'could' when the subject of the wish is also the speaker.

5. to tell someone you hope good things come their way — like happiness, health, or

5.verbtransitiveA2
Definition

to tell someone you hope good things come their way — like happiness, health, or luck — especially on a special day or when they start something new

Example

The whole team wished Mei good luck before her big presentation to the board.

wish + indirect object + direct object for well-wishing

Diego wished his daughter a happy birthday with a cake and twelve candles.

Common collocations
  • wish someone well
  • wish someone luck
  • wish someone a happy birthday
  • wish someone a speedy recovery
Synonyms
  • bless

    carries a religious or spiritual weight; less casual than 'wish'

  • congratulate

    used after a success has happened; 'wish' is used before or during the occasion

Grammar Patterns

wish + someone + something (well, luck, happy birthday)

Usage Note

The direct object is often a fixed phrase: 'well,' 'luck,' 'a happy birthday,' 'a speedy recovery.' Compare with sense 8 (greetings), which is about daily welcomes like 'good morning.'

Common Mistakes

I wish you to have a happy birthday.
I wish you a happy birthday.
the direct object follows the person directly; no 'to have' is needed.

6. to quietly hope in your heart that a person does well, reaches their goal, or fi

6.verbtransitiveB1
Definition

to quietly hope in your heart that a person does well, reaches their goal, or finds happiness in the future

Example

Siti quietly wishes for her son to do well in his first year of high school.

wish for + someone to succeed

Before the final race, the coach silently wished for the young swimmer to succeed.

Common collocations
  • wish someone success
  • wish someone the best
  • wish someone victory
Synonyms
  • hope

    more general; 'wish' in this sense carries a warmer, more personal tone

  • root for

    informal; implies active cheering rather than quiet hope

Grammar Patterns

wish + someone + success / the best / victory

Usage Note

More about internal hope than spoken expression. Common objects: 'success,' 'the best,' 'victory.' Compare with sense 5, which is about spoken well-wishing on occasions.

7. to silently hope for something in your mind, believing that luck or magic might

7.verbtransitive / intransitiveB1
Definition

to silently hope for something in your mind, believing that luck or magic might make it come true

Example

Emeka closed his eyes and wished for a new bicycle as he blew out the candles.

wish for + noun: wishing for an object

The children tossed coins into the fountain and wished for good grades.

Common collocations
  • wish upon a star
  • make a wish
  • wish for something
Synonyms
  • hope

    'hope' focuses on realistic expectation; 'wish' in this sense involves belief in luck or magic

Grammar Patterns

wish for + noun

wish + that-clause

Usage Note

Often used when talking about birthday candles, shooting stars, wishing wells, and other traditions where people silently make a wish.

8. to say a set phrase to someone as a greeting, farewell, or polite acknowledgemen

8.verbtransitiveA2
Definition

to say a set phrase to someone as a greeting, farewell, or polite acknowledgement

Example

Mr. Okonkwo stood at the door and wished every student a good morning.

wish + someone + greeting formula

As the train pulled away, Kamala waved and wished her cousins farewell.

Common collocations
  • wish someone good morning
  • wish someone farewell
  • wish someone goodnight
Synonyms
  • bid

    'bid' is more formal and old-fashioned; 'wish' is the everyday choice

Grammar Patterns

wish + someone + something

Usage Note

The direct object is always a greeting or farewell phrase (good morning, goodnight, farewell, a pleasant evening). Distinguish from sense 5, which expresses hope for someone's wellbeing on a special occasion rather than a greeting.

9. to cause someone to have to deal with something difficult, painful, or unwanted

9.verbtransitiveB2
Definition

to cause someone to have to deal with something difficult, painful, or unwanted

Example

Jiang would not wish the pain of losing a child on his worst enemy.

wish + something unwanted + on + someone

Mei-Lin endured an exhausting shift and said she would not wish it on anyone.

Common collocations
  • wouldn't wish it on anyone
  • wish something upon someone
  • would never wish on
Synonyms
  • foist

    'foist' implies forcing something on someone by deception; 'wish' in this sense simply means to cause someone to experience something bad

Grammar Patterns

wish + something + on/upon + someone

Usage Note

Almost always used in negative contexts. The direct object is typically something painful or unwanted. Common in the phrase 'would not wish it on anyone.'

Common Mistakes

I wish this job to you.
I wouldn't wish this job on anyone.
Sense 9 uses 'on/upon', not 'to', and describes conferring something unwanted.

10. to state politely but firmly that you want something or want something to happen

10.verbtransitiveB2
Definition

to state politely but firmly that you want something or want something to happen

Example

The passenger stepped forward and wished to speak to the station manager.

wish + to-infinitive for formal request

At the meeting, Diego wished to raise a question about the new budget.

Common collocations
  • wish to speak
  • wish to report
  • wish to make a complaint
Synonyms
  • desire

    'desire' sounds more formal and old-fashioned; 'wish' is the standard polite choice in modern English

  • request

    'request' is more direct and transactional; 'wish' softens the demand and sounds less forceful

Grammar Patterns

wish + to-infinitive

wish + object + to-infinitive

Usage Note

Used in formal situations to state what you want. More polite and less direct than 'I want.' Common in official settings: meetings, legal contexts, and customer service.

Common Mistakes

I wish to a glass of water.
I would like a glass of water.
'wish to' must be followed by a verb, not a noun. For requesting objects, use 'would like' or 'want.'

wished — noun

Word family

  • wishful
    adjectiveB2
  • wishfully
    adverbC1
  • wish list
    nounB1
  • well-wisher
    nounB2
  • death wish
    nounC1
  • wishbone
    nounB2
  • wishy-washy
    adjectiveC1

Synonym discussion

Sense: verb/3

'Wish' (verb sense 3: DESIRE; WANT) expresses a strong want, often for something hard to get. 'Want' is the most everyday, direct word — 'I want coffee' is neutral, while 'I wish for coffee' sounds more wistful or formal. 'Desire' is stronger and more intense than 'wish'; it often carries romantic or passionate weight and appears in more formal settings ('The committee desires a full report'). 'Hope' differs from all of these because it focuses on expectation and possibility, not just wanting — you hope for things you think might actually happen ('I hope the bus comes soon'), but you wish for things that may be unlikely or impossible ('I wish I could fly'). 'Long for' emphasises deep, patient yearning over time, often for something distant or lost ('She longed for the mountains of her childhood'). 'Yearn for' is similar but even more intense — almost painful in its wanting ('He yearned for a letter that never came'). For Taiwanese learners: when you want something in daily life, use 'want.' When you feel a deeper, harder-to-reach longing, use 'wish' or 'long for.' When you believe the thing might actually happen, use 'hope.'

Common collocations

Nouns

  • wish list
  • death wish
  • wish fulfilment

Adverbs

  • sincerely wish
  • really wish
  • just wish
  • secretly wish

Phrases

  • make a wish
  • wishful thinking
  • grant a wish
  • if wishes were horses

Prepositions

  • wish for
  • wish upon

Etymology

Proto-GermanicOld EnglishMiddle EnglishEnglish

Comes from Old English 'wȳscan', meaning 'to wish or desire.' It shares a common ancestor with German 'wünschen' and Dutch 'wensen', all going back to a Proto-Germanic root that expressed the idea of wanting or striving for something. The noun form developed from the verb in early English.

First known use

12th century

12th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1 Noun