calamus
calamus — 名詞
1. A tall plant that grows in shallow water and wet ground, with long sword-shaped
菖蒲
生長於淺水的芳香多年生植物
A tall plant that grows in shallow water and wet ground, with long sword-shaped leaves and roots that give off a strong spicy smell.
Keiko planted calamus along the edge of her small garden pond.
Keiko 在她的小花園池塘邊種了菖蒲。
collocation: calamus + pond
The calamus growing by the drainage ditch gave off a spicy scent.
生長在排水溝旁的菖蒲散發出辛辣的香氣。
Oluwaseun recognised the tall calamus leaves swaying above the marsh grasses.
Oluwaseun 認出了在沼澤草上方搖曳的高大菖蒲葉。
A thick patch of calamus had spread across the shallow end of the lake.
一大片菖蒲已經蔓延到湖的淺水區。
Local foragers gathered calamus roots from the riverbank every autumn.
當地採集者每年秋天從河岸挖取菖蒲。
- sweet flag
the common English name for the same plant; less formal than calamus
- Acorus calamus
scientific Latin name used in botanical writing
2. The peeled and dried underground stem of sweet flag, once valued as a flavouring
菖蒲根
菖蒲的乾燥根莖，曾用於藥材和調味
The peeled and dried underground stem of sweet flag, once valued as a flavouring for food and drink and still used in some traditional herbal remedies.
Dimitri's grandmother kept dried calamus in a jar for stomach complaints.
Dimitri 的祖母在罐子裡存放乾菖蒲根，用來緩解胃部不適。
collocation: dried calamus
The old apothecary sold calamus as a remedy for digestive troubles.
這家老藥房出售菖蒲根作為治療消化問題的藥方。
collocation: sold calamus as a remedy
Nalini added a tiny piece of calamus to the herbal tea mixture.
Nalini 在花草茶裡加了一小片菖蒲根。
Before modern drugs, people chewed calamus to ease toothache and indigestion.
在現代藥物出現之前，人們咀嚼菖蒲根來緩解牙痛和消化不良。
Farid found a recipe that used calamus among medieval cooking manuscripts.
Farid 在中世紀的烹飪手稿中發現了一份使用菖蒲根的食譜。
- sweet flag root
a descriptive alternative; less technical than calamus
3. The stiff, hollow tube at the base of a feather, lying beneath the soft, flat pa
羽根；羽軸
羽毛基部中空堅硬的管狀部分
The stiff, hollow tube at the base of a feather, lying beneath the soft, flat part where the barbs spread out.
Svetlana examined the calamus under a magnifying glass during biology class.
Svetlana 在生物課上用放大鏡觀察羽毛的羽根。
The calamus of an eagle feather is surprisingly strong for its size.
老鷹羽毛的羽根以其尺寸而言出奇地堅固。
collocation: calamus of a feather
Javier trimmed the broken calamus before threading it onto the fishing line.
Javier 修剪了斷裂的羽根，然後把它穿到釣魚線上。
Each feather's calamus anchors firmly into the bird's skin.
每根羽毛的羽根都牢牢固定在鳥的皮膚裡。
Amara split the calamus lengthwise to see the hollow channel inside.
Amara 縱向切開羽根，看到裡面的中空管道。
- quill
broader term; can mean the whole feather shaft, a feather pen, or specifically the hollow base
- feather base
plain-English equivalent used outside scientific contexts
用法筆記
A technical term used in ornithology. In everyday speech, most people say 'the base of the feather' or simply 'quill' — though 'quill' can also mean the entire central shaft or a writing instrument made from a feather.