caldera
caldera — 名詞
- calderasingular
- calderasplural
1. a vast round basin that appears when a mountain peak caves in after a major volc
火山臼
火山噴發後山頂塌陷形成的大凹地
a vast round basin that appears when a mountain peak caves in after a major volcanic explosion, sometimes later filling with rainwater to create a lake
The tour guide pointed at the ancient caldera on the island of Santorini.
導遊指著聖托里尼島上那座古老的火山臼。
Mizuki drew a diagram of the volcano's caldera for her science project.
Mizuki 為了她的自然課作業，畫了一張火山臼的示意圖。
caldera + for + [project]
After the eruption, a wide caldera formed where the mountain peak once stood.
火山噴發過後，原本山峰聳立之處形成了一座寬闊的火山臼。
Scientists can tell how old a caldera is by studying the rock layers around it.
科學家可以透過研究火山臼周圍的岩層來判斷它的年代。
Hiking to the edge of the caldera, Ignacio could see the small lake far below.
Ignacio 健行到火山臼邊緣，看見下方遠處有一座小湖泊。
- crater
crater is a general term for any bowl-shaped opening at a volcano's vent; a caldera is a much larger, collapsed version
- volcanic basin
more descriptive term that emphasizes the large, bowl-like shape, but less commonly used in everyday English
用法筆記
Caldera differs from the more general term crater — a caldera is much larger (often many kilometers across) and forms when the volcano's summit collapses, rather than being dug out by explosive blasts.