coughing
coughing — 名詞
1. the action of pushing air out of your throat with a sudden noisy burst, or the n
咳嗽
喉嚨突然排出空氣的動作或聲音
the action of pushing air out of your throat with a sudden noisy burst, or the noise that this makes
Anya tried to hide her coughing during the piano concert.
鋼琴演奏會上，Anya 試著忍住咳嗽。
collocation: hide one's coughing
A loud coughing from the back row broke the silence.
後排傳來的一陣大聲咳嗽打破了寂靜。
a loud coughing as sentence subject
The baby's coughing kept both parents awake until sunrise.
嬰兒的咳嗽讓父母兩人直到天亮都無法入睡。
The doctor listened carefully to the sound of Hugo's coughing.
醫生仔細聽了 Hugo 咳嗽的聲音。
Tomás's coughing grew worse after he walked up the steep hill.
Tomás 走上陡峭山坡後，咳嗽變得更嚴重了。
2. a medical condition in which a person coughs many times, often over several days
咳症
持續咳嗽的疾病或身體狀況
a medical condition in which a person coughs many times, often over several days or weeks
Karim's coughing lasted for three weeks before he saw a doctor.
Karim 的咳症持續了三週才去看醫生。
lasted for + time period — duration of illness
Half the office caught the same coughing and stayed home.
辦公室一半的人都染上同樣的咳症，待在家裡。
caught the same coughing — indicates contagion
The doctor said Ayesha's coughing was a mild chest infection.
醫生說 Ayesha 的咳症是輕微的胸腔感染。
A persistent coughing troubled Adisa throughout the cold winter months.
持續的咳症困擾了 Adisa 一整個寒冬。
The school nurse sent three children home with the same coughing.
學校護士讓三個染上同樣咳症的孩子回家休息。
- chest cold
a milder, informal term for a coughing illness, usually with congestion
- bronchitis
a specific medical diagnosis involving inflamed airways, more formal
用法筆記
Distinguish from noun sense 1 (ACT OR NOISE): this sense refers to the illness or medical condition itself, not a single instance of coughing.
常見錯誤
coughing — 動詞
- coughingpresent simple I / you / we / they
- coughings3rd person singular
- coughinging-ing form
- coughingedpast simple
1. to suddenly push a burst of air up from the chest through the throat, making a s
咳
從肺部經喉嚨突然排出空氣
to suddenly push a burst of air up from the chest through the throat, making a short, sharp noise
Bao started coughing when smoke drifted into the kitchen.
煙霧飄進廚房時，Bao 開始咳嗽。
started coughing + when-clause
Benjamin was coughing so hard he had to step outside for water.
Benjamin 咳得非常厲害，不得不到外面喝水。
was coughing so hard — result clause follows
The cold air had Mayumi coughing as soon as she stepped outside.
Mayumi 一踏出門外，冷空氣就讓她咳了起來。
Noor kept coughing throughout the entire job interview, clearly embarrassed.
Noor 在整場求職面試中咳個不停，顯然很尷尬。
Mark stopped coughing after he drank a glass of warm water.
Mark 喝了一杯溫水後就不再咳了。
- hack
a harsher, more violent cough, often with phlegm; more informal
- clear one's throat
a deliberate, quiet action to prepare for speech, not an involuntary reflex
文法句型
cough + adverb (loudly, violently)
start/begin + coughing
用法筆記
Typically intransitive. The transitive sense ('cough up blood') belongs to the phrasal verb 'cough up', not to this core verb.
常見錯誤
2. to make a short explosive noise that sounds like a human cough — used of machine
異響
機器或引擎發出類似咳嗽的聲音
to make a short explosive noise that sounds like a human cough — used of machines, especially engines
The old truck's engine began coughing as it climbed the steep hill.
老卡車爬陡坡時，引擎開始發出異響。
engine began coughing — machine as subject
Adina's lawnmower was coughing and sputtering before it finally died.
Adina 的割草機發出異響之後終於熄火了。
coughing and sputtering — paired verbs for machines
The generator started coughing, so the mechanic added more fuel.
發電機開始發出異響，技師於是加了更多燃料。
The bus engine kept coughing and stalling at every red light.
公車引擎每到紅燈就不斷發出異響然後熄火。
The delivery driver noticed his motorbike coughing and pulled over to check it.
送貨司機聽到機車發出異響，便靠邊停下來檢查。
文法句型
machine/engine + cough
cough + and + verb (sputter, stall)
用法筆記
Subject is almost always a machine or engine, never a person. For a person imitating a cough sound, use verb sense 1 (FROM THE LUNGS).