damaged
/ˈdæm.ɪdʒd/ (UK) · /ˈdæm.ɪdʒd/ (US) · /ˈdæm.ɪdʒ/ (UK) · /ˈdæm.ɪdʒ/ (US)
damaged — 形容詞
1. describing something that has been physically harmed, broken, or made less valua
受損的
遭受損壞或傷害的
describing something that has been physically harmed, broken, or made less valuable — for example, a box that was crushed during shipping, a phone that fell and cracked, or a wall that was hit by a car.
The delivery truck arrived with a damaged box on the passenger seat.
送貨卡車抵達時，乘客座位上放著一個受損的紙箱。
damaged + noun: position before a noun
Mei-Lin sent the damaged vase back to the shop and asked for a refund.
Mei-Lin 把受損的花瓶寄回店裡，要求全額退款。
Three patients with damaged lungs were admitted after the factory fire.
工廠火災後，三名肺部受損的病患被送進醫院。
Chidi checked the fence after the storm and found several damaged boards.
Chidi 在暴風雨後檢查圍籬，發現好幾塊破損的木板。
The laptop screen got damaged when Sofia accidentally knocked it off the desk.
Sofia 不小心把筆電撞下桌子，螢幕就受損了。
文法句型
damaged + noun
be/get + damaged
用法筆記
Suggests the harm has already happened, rather than describing the act of causing harm — compare with 'damaging'.
常見錯誤
damaged — 名詞
- damagedsingular
- damagesplural
1. physical or emotional harm that makes something less useful, valuable, or health
損害；損傷
使事物受損的物理或情緒傷害
physical or emotional harm that makes something less useful, valuable, or healthy — for example, a broken window after a storm, a burnt hand from a hot pan, or a company's reputation after a bad accident.
The storm caused serious damage to the roof of the village church.
暴風雨對村莊教堂的屋頂造成了嚴重損害。
cause + damage + to + noun
Omar claimed that smoke from the factory had done lasting damage to his health.
Omar 聲稱工廠排放的煙霧對他的健康造成了長期損害。
Kiran inspected the damage after the flood and called a repair company right away.
Kiran 在洪水過後檢查了損害情況，並立刻打電話叫維修公司。
The puppy did surprising damage to the garden flowers in just one afternoon.
小狗狗只花了一個下午就把花園裡的花草弄壞了不少。
It took months to repair the damage the earthquake caused to the old bridge.
修復地震對舊橋造成的損害花了數個月的時間。
- harm
broader; can be physical, emotional, or abstract
- injury
usually for living things rather than objects
- destruction
stronger, suggests total ruin
- repair
the act of fixing something that was damaged
文法句型
damage + to + noun
cause/do/suffer + damage
用法筆記
Uncountable in this sense — do not say 'a damage' or 'damages' to mean physical harm. The plural form 'damages' has a different legal meaning (see sense 2).
常見錯誤
2. an amount of money that a court orders a person or company to pay to someone the
賠償金
法院命令支付的賠償金額
an amount of money that a court orders a person or company to pay to someone they have hurt or harmed — for example, paying a worker who was injured on the job, or money paid to a family after an accident caused by a faulty product.
The court ordered the factory to pay damages to the injured workers.
法院命令工廠向受傷的工人支付賠償金。
pay + damages + to + person
Amara's lawyer said she could claim damages for the accident at the train station.
Amara 的律師表示，她可以為火車站發生的意外事故請求賠償金。
claim + damages
A jury awarded damages of two million dollars to the family of the crash victim.
陪審團判決賠償金兩百萬美元給車禍罹難者的家屬。
The company agreed to pay damages rather than go to a long court fight.
該公司同意支付賠償金，而不願進行漫長的法庭訴訟。
- compensation
more general; not limited to court-ordered payments
- reparations
formal, often for large-scale or historical harms
文法句型
pay/award/claim + damages
damages + of + amount
用法筆記
Always plural. Do not confuse with 'damage' (uncountable, meaning physical or emotional harm) — 'damages' specifically means money paid through the legal system.
常見錯誤
3. the amount of money needed to pay for something, especially when it is unexpecte
費用；代價
花費或成本（舊用法）
the amount of money needed to pay for something, especially when it is unexpectedly high — for example, the expense of fixing an old machine or the cost of running a business.
What's the damage for a night at that hotel near the harbor?
港邊那家飯店住一晚要多少錢？
colloquial fixed expression: 'what's the damage?'
文法句型
what's the damage? — fixed phrase
用法筆記
This sense is very old-fashioned in serious writing. The fixed phrase 'what's the damage?' still appears in casual conversation as a joking way to ask 'how much does it cost?'.
常見錯誤
damaged — 動詞
- damagesthird-person singular
- damagedpast tense
- damagedpast participle
- damaging-ing form
1. to break, hurt, or harm something physically or in a way that reduces its value
損壞；損害
對某物造成傷害或破壞
to break, hurt, or harm something physically or in a way that reduces its value or usefulness — for example, a storm that breaks windows in a house, or a careless comment that ruins a friendship.
The heavy rain damaged several homes near the river last night.
昨晚的大雨損壞了河邊好幾棟房屋。
damage + concrete noun (buildings)
Hiroshi accidentally damaged the printer when he tried to clear the paper jam.
Hiroshi 在試著清除卡紙時不小心弄壞了印表機。
Yael's careless comments during the meeting damaged her relationship with the team.
Yael 在會議上不經大腦的發言損害了她與團隊的關係。
Leaving the phone in direct sunlight damaged the battery beyond repair.
把手機放在陽光直射處會對電池造成無法修復的損害。
Smoking can seriously damage your heart and lungs over many years.
長期吸菸會嚴重損害你的心臟和肺部。
文法句型
damage + noun phrase
用法筆記
Direct object is required. The object can be a physical thing (a car, a building) or an abstract thing (reputation, trust, relationship). Often used in health warnings with 'can seriously damage'.