guildsman
guildsman — 名詞
1. a member of a guild — an old group of skilled workers or traders in one trade wh
行會成員
手工業或商人行會的成員
a member of a guild — an old group of skilled workers or traders in one trade who set shared rules, controlled quality, and trained new members.
As a guildsman, Mert paid yearly dues and obeyed his guild's strict rules.
身為行會成員，Mert 每年繳交會費，並遵守自己行會的嚴格規定。
as a guildsman: stating someone's membership role
Every guildsman in the silver trade made a perfect cup before becoming a master.
銀器業的每位行會成員都得先做出一只完美的杯子，才能成為師傅。
Each guildsman in the parade belonged to a different trade guild, from bakers to blacksmiths.
遊行隊伍中的每位行會成員都隸屬於不同的同業行會，從麵包師到鐵匠都有。
guildsman + belonged to a guild: membership
Nia studied old records showing how each guildsman swore an oath to keep trade secrets.
Nia 研究舊文獻，了解每位行會成員如何宣誓保守行業祕密。
No one could sell cloth at the market unless a guildsman checked its quality.
在市場上，除非行會成員先檢查過品質，否則沒有人能販售布料。
a guildsman as the gatekeeper of quality
- fellow guildsman
- master guildsman
- guild member
neutral, gender-free equivalent
- journeyman
a trained guild worker who has finished an apprenticeship
- craftsman
stresses the skilled trade itself rather than guild membership
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 2: here the man simply belongs to a guild, with no political meaning — the word is almost always historical, describing medieval and early-modern trade guilds.
常見錯誤
2. someone who supports guild socialism, the political idea that workers themselves
行會社會主義
主張行會社會主義的人
someone who supports guild socialism, the political idea that workers themselves should run industry through trade guilds instead of the government.
Christopher became a guildsman in college, certain that workers, not the state, should run the mills.
Christopher 在大學時成為行會社會主義者，深信工廠應由工人而非國家來經營。
became a guildsman: adopting the ideology
At a crowded hall in Sheffield, the young guildsmen argued that steelworkers should run their own factories.
在 Sheffield 一間擠滿人的會堂裡，這些年輕的行會社會主義者主張，鋼鐵工人應自己經營工廠。
guildsmen argued that + their belief
Hari wrote articles defending guild socialism, hoping more guildsmen would join the growing movement.
Hari 撰文捍衛行會社會主義，希望有更多行會社會主義者加入這個壯大的運動。
After the factory closed, one guildsman told the angry workers that running their own guild beat state ownership.
工廠倒閉後，一位行會社會主義者告訴憤怒的工人，自組行會勝過國家所有制。
Heloísa admired the guildsmen who wanted ordinary workers, not bosses, to manage the factories.
Heloísa 欣賞那些主張由一般工人、而非老闆來管理工廠的行會社會主義者。
guildsmen who wanted + the theory
- fellow guildsmen
- guild socialist
the more explicit modern term for this advocate
- syndicalist
related, but favours trade unions rather than guilds as the unit of worker control
- state socialist
wants the government, not worker guilds, to run industry
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1: this sense marks a political stance, not guild membership, and appears mainly in early twentieth-century British writing about guild socialism.
同根字
- guild名詞B2
- guildhall名詞C1
- guildswoman名詞C2