industry
/ˈɪndəstri/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈɪndəstri/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈin-(ˌ)də-strē/ (ame, mw)
industry — 名詞
- industrysingular
- industriesplural
1. the businesses and factories that produce goods for sale, such as cars, clothing
工業
將原料製成商品的生產活動與相關企業
the businesses and factories that produce goods for sale, such as cars, clothing, or electronic devices — manufacturing as a broad sector of the economy
Meera found a job in the manufacturing industry after finishing her engineering degree.
Meera 在取得工程學位後，在製造業找到了一份工作。
adjective + industry: manufacturing industry
Government trade policies can help local industry grow or cause it to shrink.
政府的貿易政策可以幫助本地工業成長，也可能導致其萎縮。
uncountable: local industry
Heavy industries such as car-making require large factories and a lot of energy.
汽車製造等重工業需要大型工廠和大量能源。
New automation technology is changing the clothing industry by speeding up production.
新的自動化技術正透過加快生產速度來改變成衣業。
The steel industry in northern England has hired many new workers this year.
英格蘭北部的鋼鐵業今年僱用了許多新員工。
- manufacturing
narrower than industry — strictly the process of making goods in factories
- production
focuses on the output itself rather than the whole sector
- commerce
broader — includes trade and services, not just goods
文法句型
industry + verb
adjective + industry
industry of [product]
用法筆記
As an uncountable noun, industry refers to manufacturing activity in general. As a countable noun with a modifier (e.g. 'the car industry'), it refers to one specific sector. This sense is the most common meaning in news and business contexts.
常見錯誤
2. the people, companies, and work that form a particular area of business, such as
產業；行業
特定類別的商業或服務領域
the people, companies, and work that form a particular area of business, such as tourism, film-making, or banking
The tourism industry brings a great deal of money to coastal towns every summer.
旅遊業每年夏天為沿海城鎮帶來大量收入。
the [sector] industry: tourism industry
Emma started her career in the fashion industry as a designer right after university.
Emma 大學畢業後在時尚產業擔任設計師，展開了她的職涯。
The film industry in Mumbai produces more movies each year than any other city.
孟買的電影產業每年製作的影片數量超過其他任何城市。
New banking apps are transforming the financial services industry around the world.
新的銀行應用程式正在改變全球的金融服務業。
The restaurant industry faced severe difficulties during the long months of lockdown.
餐廳業在漫長的封鎖期間面臨了嚴重的困難。
文法句型
the [adjective] industry
industry + noun (industry expert)
用法筆記
Nearly always used with a preceding modifier that names the field. The definite article 'the' is standard. Common in job descriptions and business news.
常見錯誤
3. an activity or product that is sold in very large amounts and earns substantial
大規模產業
能大量生產並創造可觀利潤的活動
an activity or product that is sold in very large amounts and earns substantial profits for those involved
Fitness training has grown into a multi-billion dollar industry around the world.
健身訓練已發展成為全球價值數十億美元的大規模產業。
The wedding-planning business became a huge industry in many countries over the past decade.
在過去十年間，婚禮策劃這門生意在許多國家成了龐大的產業。
become + a + adjective + industry
Online education turned into a major industry after schools closed around the world.
全球學校關閉後，線上教育迅速發展成為一個主要產業。
Organic food now makes up a fast-growing industry across Europe and parts of Asia.
有機食品如今在歐洲及亞洲部分地區構成了一個快速成長的產業。
Smartphone repair services have become a profitable industry in just a few years.
智慧型手機維修服務在短短幾年內就成了一項利潤豐厚的產業。
- big business
informal; focuses on the profit-making scale rather than the type of activity
- enterprise
more formal; can refer to any business venture, not necessarily large-scale
文法句型
become/grow into + an industry
a + adjective + industry
用法筆記
This sense emphasises the financial scale and profitability of an activity. It often appears with verbs like 'become', 'grow into', and 'turn into' to describe how a small activity expanded into a large money-making business.
常見錯誤
4. the habit of putting steady effort into your work over a long period, never stop
勤奮；勤勉
持續努力工作的特質
the habit of putting steady effort into your work over a long period, never stopping when challenges arise
Hoa was praised by her manager for her industry and dependability at work.
Hoa 因為工作勤奮且可靠而受到主管的表揚。
possessive + industry: her industry
The research project succeeded because of the team's industry and careful planning.
這項研究計畫之所以成功，是因為團隊的勤奮和仔細規劃。
His industry and attention to detail helped him finish the book well ahead of schedule.
他的勤奮和對細節的重視幫助他提前很久完成了這本書。
The teacher noticed the student's industry in completing every extra assignment she gave.
老師注意到該名學生認真完成她所布置的每一項額外作業。
Through great industry and steady focus, Noa learned fluent Korean in just one year.
憑藉著極大的勤奮與持續的專注，Noa 在一年內就學會了流利的韓語。
- diligence
very close in meaning; slightly more formal and often used in academic contexts
- hard work
less formal; everyday term for the same concept
- application
focuses on sustained effort toward a specific goal
文法句型
[possessive] + industry
industry + and + [noun]
用法筆記
This sense is formal and more common in written or evaluative contexts (reports, letters of recommendation, school reports) than in everyday speech. It is always uncountable. Distinguish from sense 1 where 'industry' refers to factories and manufacturing — here the meaning is about a person's effort and diligence.