it

/ɪt/ (bre, ipa) · [ˈɪt] /ɪt/ (ame, ipa) · [ˈɪt] /ˈit ət/ (ame, mw)

it — 代名詞

1. stands for a non-human referent or known situation that has already come up in t

1.代名詞A1
釋義

它；此事

指前面提過的事物、動物或情況

stands for a non-human referent or known situation that has already come up in the conversation

例句

Haruto picked up the blue scarf, then folded it into his bag.

Haruto 撿起那條藍色圍巾後，把它摺進包包裡。

it refers back to a mentioned object

The puppy heard the bell and chased it across the yard.

那隻小狗聽到鈴聲後，追著它跑過院子。

同義詞
  • this

    often points to something close or newly introduced, not simply back to an earlier mention

  • that

    often points to something more distant or to a whole idea with extra emphasis

文法句型

it + verb

verb/preposition + it

用法筆記

This sense can point back to a whole idea or event as well as a physical object. Repeat the noun instead if the reference would not be clear.

常見錯誤

❌I bought a chair, and she broke on the first day.
✅I bought a chair, and it broke on the first day.
💡use it, not he or she, for a thing.

2. holds a sentence slot until the real clause, phrase, or named person appears lat

2.代名詞A2
釋義

虛位代詞

先占主詞或受詞位置，後面才補真內容

holds a sentence slot until the real clause, phrase, or named person appears later

例句

It surprised Linh that the museum stayed open past midnight.

博物館竟然開到半夜，這件事讓 Linh 很意外。

it + verb + that-clause

Defne found it difficult to carry both boxes upstairs alone.

Defne 覺得一個人把兩個箱子搬上樓很吃力。

find it + adjective + to-infinitive

文法句型

it + adjective + that-clause

find it + adjective + to-infinitive

it + be + focus + who/that

用法筆記

Common before that-clauses, to-infinitives, and cleft patterns such as It was Mina who.... Distinguish it from sense 1, which refers back to something already named.

常見錯誤

❌Is hard to park here after eight.
✅It is hard to park here after eight.
💡English needs it to fill the subject position before the real idea.

3. serves as the subject when English talks about weather, temperature, time, dates

3.代名詞A1
釋義

天時距離

談天氣、時間、日期或距離時用

serves as the subject when English talks about weather, temperature, time, dates, or distance

例句

It was nearly midnight when Nala finally left the studio.

Nala 終於離開錄音室時，已經快半夜了。

it + be + time expression

It rained over the harbor while Ezra waited for the last ferry.

Ezra 等最後一班渡輪時，港口上空正下著雨。

it + weather verb

文法句型

it + be + time expression

it + weather verb

it + be + distance expression

用法筆記

This it does not name a real thing. English uses it when the subject is time, weather, temperature, distance, or surrounding conditions.

常見錯誤

❌The weather is raining again.
✅It is raining again.
💡use it as the subject for weather expressions.

4. appears in short set expressions to mean the key point, the last limit, or the m

4.代名詞B1
釋義

關鍵點

用於固定說法，指重點、極限或關鍵時刻

appears in short set expressions to mean the key point, the last limit, or the moment something important begins

例句

If Lucía needs one final reason to resign, this is it.

如果 Lucía 還需要最後一個辭職理由，關鍵就在這裡。

this is it for a decisive moment

The stage manager raised her hand and whispered, 'This is it.'

舞台經理舉起手，低聲說：「就是這一刻了。」

文法句型

this is it

that's it

that was it

用法筆記

Mostly found in short set phrases such as that's it and this is it. Distinguish it from sense 1, where it refers to an earlier noun or situation.

it — 形容詞