minima

minima — 名詞

1. the lowest amounts, levels, or limits that are possible, accepted, or measured i

1.名詞C1
釋義

下限；最低值

可達到、允許或記錄的最低量或下限

the lowest amounts, levels, or limits that are possible, accepted, or measured in a particular case.

例句

The treaty sets minima for worker safety in every factory.

該條約對每座工廠的勞工安全都訂出下限。

formal pattern: minima for something

The lab records daily minima and maxima for each greenhouse.

這間實驗室會記錄每座溫室每天的最低值與最高值。

pairing: minima and maxima

同義詞
  • minimums

    the more everyday plural, especially outside formal or scientific writing

  • lows

    looser and common in weather or market talk rather than official limits

  • floors

    focuses on limits that must not be crossed, especially in rules or pricing

反義詞
  • maxima

    the matching formal plural for the highest measured or allowed values

文法句型

temperature minima

legal minima

minima for something

用法筆記

Usually seen in formal, scientific, or technical writing. In everyday English, many speakers choose 'minimums' instead. Distinguish this sense from sense 2, which is specifically about mathematical values.

常見錯誤

❌The climate table lists three minimum for July.
✅The climate table lists three minima for July.
💡Use the plural form when you mean several lowest recorded values in formal writing.

2. the values that come out lowest when numbers in a set or a mathematical function

2.名詞C1
釋義

最小值

數學裡一組數值中最小的值

the values that come out lowest when numbers in a set or a mathematical function are compared.

例句

The graph has two local minima near x equals one and four.

圖上在 x 等於一和四附近有兩個局部最小值。

math term: local minima

Jisoo checked whether the curve's minima matched the computer model.

Jisoo 檢查那條曲線的最小值是否和電腦模型一致。

pattern: minima matched the model

同義詞
  • minimums

    less technical and less standard in mathematical writing

  • low points

    broader and less exact than a mathematical value

  • troughs

    works for wave or graph shapes, but not for every numerical set

反義詞
  • maxima

    the highest values in the same set, curve, or function

文法句型

local minima

global minima

minima of a function

用法筆記

Mainly used in mathematics, computing, and technical analysis. Unlike sense 1, it names the lowest values inside a set, graph, or function rather than general lower limits or recorded lows.

常見錯誤

❌The graph shows two minimums near the center.
✅The graph shows two minima near the center.
💡In mathematics, 'minima' is the standard formal plural.