phot
phot — 構詞成分
1. relating to light or radiant energy; used at the beginning of scientific and tec
光；光線
與光或光能相關的
relating to light or radiant energy; used at the beginning of scientific and technical words that describe the behavior, properties, or effects of light.
In physics class, Diego learned that a photon carries a tiny amount of light energy.
Diego 在物理課上學到，光子攜帶極微小的光能量。
photon = fundamental particle of light
The photic zone of the ocean is the layer where enough sunlight reaches for plants to grow.
海洋的透光層是指陽光足以讓植物生長的水層。
photic zone = sunlit layer of water
Eleni's research in photobiology focuses on how light affects the sleep cycles of animals.
Eleni 的光生物學研究主要探討光如何影響動物的睡眠週期。
A photometer measures the brightness of light coming from a lamp or the sun.
光度計可以測量來自燈泡或太陽的光線亮度。
Plants depend on photosynthesis to turn sunlight into the energy they need to survive.
植物依賴光合作用，將陽光轉化為生長所需的能量。
- photo-
variant form; 'photo-' is more common before consonants ('photograph'), while 'phot-' appears before vowels ('photic') and in some scientific terms ('photon').
- lumin-
Latin-derived root for light, used in words like 'luminous' and 'illuminate'; 'phot-' is Greek in origin and more common in scientific terminology.
- scot-
Greek root meaning 'darkness', used in words like 'scotopic' (relating to vision in dim light).
文法句型
phot- + noun / adjective
用法筆記
This is the most productive form of the combining form, appearing in a large number of scientific terms. The related element 'photo-' is more common in everyday vocabulary.
2. relating to photographs, cameras, or the process of creating and developing imag
照片；攝影
與攝影或照片相關的
relating to photographs, cameras, or the process of creating and developing images using light and chemical or digital methods.
Caleb took a photography class to improve how he captures city landscapes with his camera.
Caleb 報名了攝影課，學習如何用相機拍出更好的城市風景。
photography = the art or practice of taking photos
The photographer adjusted the lens until the image of the wedding party became perfectly clear.
攝影師調整了鏡頭，直到婚禮現場的畫面變得完美清晰。
Amira made a photocopy of the contract and filed the original in the office cabinet.
Amira 影印了合約，並將正本歸檔在辦公室的檔案櫃中。
Lan's photo album contains pictures from every country she has visited over the past ten years.
Lan 的相簿裡收錄了她過去十年間到訪過的每個國家的照片。
Xiu bought a new smartphone simply because the camera takes better photos in low light.
Xiu 買了一支新智慧型手機，只因為那支手機的相機在光線不足時拍得更好。
- photo-
the standard everyday variant of this combining form; 'photo-' is used in most common words ('photograph', 'photocopy'), while 'phot-' appears in more technical contexts.
文法句型
phot- + noun / adjective
用法筆記
In this sense, the combining form appears primarily as 'photo-' rather than 'phot-'. 'Photo-' is one of the most common English combining forms and appears in many everyday words.
常見錯誤
3. relating to the electrical or electronic effects produced when light hits a surf
光電
與光轉電能相關的
relating to the electrical or electronic effects produced when light hits a surface or material, especially in devices that turn light into electricity or an electrical signal.
A photoelectric sensor on the garage door detects when a car blocks the beam of light.
車庫門上的光電感應器可以偵測到汽車是否擋住了光束。
photoelectric = using light to create an electrical effect
Quan installed photovoltaic panels on the roof to turn sunlight into electricity for the whole house.
Quan 在屋頂安裝了太陽能光電板，將陽光轉化為整間房子所需的電力。
The museum uses photoelectric smoke detectors that are triggered when smoke interrupts the light beam inside them.
博物館採用光電式煙霧偵測器，這種偵測器在煙霧遮斷內部光束時就會觸發警報。
Faisal's wristwatch has a photovoltaic cell that charges the battery whenever the watch is worn in sunlight.
Faisal 的手腕上那隻錶裝有光電電池，只要戴在陽光下就會自動充電。
A photoresistor changes its electrical resistance depending on how much light strikes its surface.
光電阻會根據照射在其表面的光線強弱而改變本身的電阻值。
文法句型
phot- + noun / adjective
用法筆記
This sense is almost exclusively found in technical and engineering contexts. The most common everyday word from this sense is 'photovoltaic', especially in discussions of solar energy.
4. a scientific unit that measures how much light lands on a surface, with one phot
輻透
照度單位，每平方公分一流明
a scientific unit that measures how much light lands on a surface, with one phot being the amount produced when one lumen of light covers one square centimeter; found mostly in older physics and engineering books.
The brightness of the laboratory lamp was recorded as 15 phots at the surface of the experiment table.
實驗桌上的燈泡亮度經記錄為 15 輻透。
phots = plural form of the unit
In the optics experiment, Kasia measured the light level at exactly one phot per square centimeter.
在光學實驗中，Kasia 測量到光線強度正好是每平方公分一輻透。
The phot is rarely used in modern science because the lux has become the standard international unit for illumination.
現代科學很少使用輻透，因為勒克斯已成為照度的國際標準單位。
Darius converted the illumination reading from phots to lux so that the data matched the international standard.
Darius 將照度讀數從輻透換算為勒克斯，以便數據符合國際標準。
Older textbooks define the phot as one lumen per square centimeter, a measure of how much light covers a surface.
較舊的教科書將輻透定義為每平方公分一流明，用以測量一定面積上的光照量。
- lux
the modern SI unit for illumination; 1 lux = 0.0001 phot, so lux is far more common in current scientific and engineering contexts.
- lumen per square meter
equivalent to lux; describes the same measurement in SI units.
文法句型
[number] + phots
用法筆記
This sense refers to the word 'phot' itself as a standalone noun (a unit of measurement), not as a prefix. It is very rare in modern usage, having been replaced by the SI unit lux (1 lux = 0.0001 phot).