forward
/ˈfɔːwəd/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈfɔːrwərd/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈfȯr-wərd also ˈfō- or ˈfȯ- Southern also ˈfär-/ (ame, mw) · /ˈfɔː.wəd/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈfɔːr.wɚd/ (ame, ipa)
forward — 副詞
1. in a direction that is ahead of where you are, toward the front of a space or ob
向前
朝前方的方向移動
in a direction that is ahead of where you are, toward the front of a space or object.
Dahlia took a small step forward when her name was called.
Dahlia 聽到自己的名字時向前走了一小步。
step + forward for physical movement
The old bus moved slowly forward through the narrow market street past the stalls.
那輛舊公車在狹窄的市場街道上緩緩向前行駛，經過攤位。
Kwame leaned forward to see the stage more clearly.
Kwame 身體向前傾，想更清楚地看到舞台。
Children were asked to walk forward one step at a time during the fire drill.
孩子們在消防演習中被要求一次一步地向前走。
- backward
opposite direction, toward the rear
文法句型
move/step/lean + forward
用法筆記
Commonly paired with verbs of motion such as move, step, lean, walk, and push.
常見錯誤
2. in a ball sport, moving the ball or the play toward the area guarded by the oppo
推進
朝對手球門方向進攻
in a ball sport, moving the ball or the play toward the area guarded by the opposing team.
Lakshmi passed the ball forward to her teammate near the goal.
Lakshmi 將球往前傳給球門附近的隊友。
pass + forward in football/basketball
The basketball team pushed forward in the final minutes, desperate to tie the score.
籃球隊在比賽的最後幾分鐘全力向前壓上，拼命想追平比分。
Yan kicked the ball forward toward the opponent's end zone.
Yan 將球往對手達陣區的方向踢去。
The striker ran forward as soon as the whistle blew, racing toward the penalty area.
哨音一響，前鋒就向前衝刺，直奔禁區。
- upfield
specific to field sports, means toward the opponent's end
- backward
toward one's own goal in a sports context
文法句型
pass + forward
run + forward
用法筆記
In some sports (e.g., rugby), a forward pass is against the rules; the term then describes general advance toward the goal line.
3. referring to a later point in time; with verbs like bring or move it can also in
未來
指未來時間或將事件提前
referring to a later point in time; with verbs like bring or move it can also indicate rescheduling to an earlier date.
From this weekend forward, the library will open at eight.
從這週末以後，圖書館將在八點開門。
from [time] + forward for starting point in time
The couple moved their wedding date forward by two weeks to avoid the rainy season.
那對情侶把婚禮日期提前了兩週，以避開雨季。
Christopher told the team to plan forward for the new season, not dwell on losses.
Christopher 告訴團隊要為新賽季做前瞻規劃，不要糾結於失利。
The government brought the election forward by three months.
政府將選舉提前了三個月。
- backward
looking toward the past
文法句型
from now/today + forward
move + forward + time phrase
4. starting at a particular time or event and continuing after it.
此後
從某時間點開始持續下去
starting at a particular time or event and continuing after it.
From that day forward, Mert never missed a single practice.
從那天以後，Mert 再也沒有缺席過任何一次練習。
from that day forward = from then onward
From then on, all customers had to place their orders through the website.
從那以後，所有顧客都必須透過網站下單。
Henceforth, the factory will use only recycled materials in its packaging.
此後，該工廠將只使用回收材料進行包裝。
From that point onward, the two friends never exchanged a harsh word again.
從那以後，那兩個朋友再也沒有說過一句傷人的話。
- onward
interchangeable in this pattern, perhaps slightly more formal
- henceforth
very formal, mainly in legal or official documents
- before
referring to a time earlier than the reference point
文法句型
from [time/event] + forward
用法筆記
Typically appears in the construction from [noun phrase] forward. More common in formal or written English than in casual speech.
5. toward a better state or a successful result; making progress on a task or proje
進展
朝向更好或更成功的狀態
toward a better state or a successful result; making progress on a task or project.
The research team moved forward with the clinical trial after getting approval.
研究團隊在獲得批准後繼續推進臨床試驗。
move forward with = continue progressing on a project
After months of talks, the peace deal moved forward at last.
經過數月的談判，和平協議終於有了進展。
Constanza felt her career was finally moving forward after the promotion.
Constanza 覺得升職後她的事業終於在向前邁進了。
The government urged the industry to go forward with the new safety standards.
政府呼籲業界繼續推行新的安全標準。
- backward
regressing; losing ground
文法句型
move + forward + with + noun phrase
用法筆記
Often used with the prepositions with (move forward with) or to indicate area of progress. Contrast with fall back or stagnate.
6. starting now and continuing into the future; common in corporate language.
今後
從現在起延續到未來
starting now and continuing into the future; common in corporate language.
Going forward, all staff must submit their reports by Friday.
今後，所有員工必須在星期五之前提交報告。
going forward = from now on (business style)
The company will focus on Asian markets going forward, starting in Singapore.
今後公司將重點放在亞洲市場，首先從新加坡開始。
Going forward, the department plans to hire two new engineers.
往後，該部門計劃聘請兩名新工程師。
The board agreed that going forward, quarterly reviews would be mandatory.
董事會同意今後每季的檢討會議將改為強制參加。
- henceforth
more formal and legal-sounding
- from now on
more natural in everyday speech
- previously
referring to the past
文法句型
going forward
用法筆記
Nearly always introduced by the participle going to form 'going forward'. Considered clichéd in some business writing; from now on is often preferred in everyday English.
常見錯誤
forward — 形容詞
1. oriented or moving so that the front faces the direction of travel or attention,
朝前的
面朝或朝向前方的
oriented or moving so that the front faces the direction of travel or attention, emphasizing direction rather than static location.
The train has both forward-facing and backward-facing seats.
這列火車同時設有面向前方和面向後方的座位。
forward-facing = directed toward the front
The forward motion of the small fishing boat made passengers seasick on the rough sea.
小漁船向前的行進讓乘客在波濤洶湧的海上暈船了。
A forward roll is one of the first moves children learn in gymnastics.
前滾翻是兒童在體操課上學習的第一個基本動作之一。
The forward cabin of the ship has the best view of the ocean.
船的前艙擁有觀賞海景的最佳視野。
文法句型
forward + noun
用法筆記
Used before a noun to describe the direction something faces or moves. Can also appear in compound adjectives like forward-facing and forward-looking.
2. located in the foremost area of a vehicle, building, or space, describing a stat
前方的
位於事物前部位置的
located in the foremost area of a vehicle, building, or space, describing a static position rather than a direction of movement.
The forward section of the plane has more legroom for passengers.
飛機的前段區域為乘客提供了更大的腿部空間。
forward section = front part of a vehicle
Élise sat in the forward row of the lecture hall to hear better.
Élise 坐在演講廳的前排以便聽得更清楚。
The forward deck of the ferry was crowded with people watching the sunset.
渡輪的前甲板上擠滿了觀賞日落的人。
Severe damage to the forward hull caused the cargo ship to take on water rapidly.
船身前艙的嚴重破損導致貨輪迅速進水。
文法句型
the forward + noun
用法筆記
Common in technical descriptions of vehicles (planes, ships, cars) and large structures. Often contrasts with aft, rear, or stern in nautical/aviation contexts.
3. relating to or preparing for the future; showing an awareness of what will be ne
未來的
與未來有關或為未來做準備的
relating to or preparing for the future; showing an awareness of what will be needed later.
The bakery made a forward order of flour to lock in lower prices all year.
那間麵包店提前訂購麵粉，以鎖定全年的較低價格。
forward purchase = buying in advance for future need
Good forward planning helped the school avoid a budget crisis.
良好的預先規劃幫助學校避免了預算危機。
The city council agreed on a forward strategy to improve public transit over five years.
市議會就未來五年改善大眾運輸的策略達成了共識。
Forward orders allow farmers to sell their wheat at a guaranteed price before harvest.
預購訂單讓農民能夠在收成前以保證價格出售小麥。
- backward
looking to the past
文法句型
forward + noun (planning, thinking, contract)
用法筆記
Frequently combines with nouns like planning, thinking, strategy, purchase, and contract. In finance, a forward contract is a specific legal agreement.
4. acting or speaking with a degree of confidence that goes beyond what is socially
冒昧的
言行過於直接、忽略社交禮儀的
acting or speaking with a degree of confidence that goes beyond what is socially expected, often seeming rude.
Justin's aunt thought it was forward of him to ask about her salary.
Justin 的阿姨認為他問她的薪水太過冒昧了。
forward + of + person + to + verb
Maya did not mean to be forward; she was just very interested in the job.
Maya 並非刻意冒昧，她只是對那份工作非常感興趣。
Some considered his remarks too forward for a formal dinner party.
有人認為他在正式晚宴上的言論太過唐突。
The mother told her son not to be so forward with strangers at the supermarket.
那位母親告訴兒子在超市不要對陌生人太過冒失。
- bold
can be positive (confident) or negative; forward is more consistently negative
- presumptuous
stronger; implies the person assumed too much
- brazen
stronger; implies shamelessness
文法句型
be + forward
too + forward
用法筆記
Almost always carries a negative or disapproving tone. Less strong than rude or impolite — it suggests the person has crossed a social boundary without being openly offensive. More common in British English than American.
5. in cricket, positioned closer to the batter than the usual fielding position for
前位
板球中站位比一般更靠近擊球員的
in cricket, positioned closer to the batter than the usual fielding position for that part of the field.
In the cricket match, the captain placed a fielder at forward short leg to catch any deflections off the bat.
在板球比賽中，隊長安排一名外野手站在 forward short leg 位置，準備接住從球棒擦出的球。
forward short leg = specific cricket fielding position
In the match, the batsman was caught at forward square leg after mis-timing his shot by a split second.
比賽中，擊球員因擊球時機遲了一瞬間，在 forward square leg 被接殺出局。
The bowler noticed the batter stepping forward and asked for a fielder at forward short leg.
投手注意到擊球員往前踏步，因此要求安排一名 forward short leg 的外野手。
A fielder placed at forward point helped stop the batter's cover drives during the match.
安排外野手站在 forward point 有助於在比賽中攔截擊球員的 cover drive 擊球。
- backward
in cricket, fielding positions further from the batter are called backward (e.g., backward square leg)
文法句型
forward + noun
用法筆記
Only relevant to cricket. Appears in compound fielding-position names such as forward short leg and forward square leg. These positions sit closer to the batter than the standard square leg or short leg positions.
forward — 動詞
1. to pass on a letter, package, or email that has reached your address so that it
轉寄
將信件或郵件轉送到正確地址或其他人
to pass on a letter, package, or email that has reached your address so that it goes to the right person or place.
Please forward any letters to my new address in Taipei.
請將所有信件轉寄到我在台北的新地址。
forward + something + to + new address
Lakshmi forwarded the email to all members of the team.
Lakshmi 將那封電子郵件轉寄給團隊的所有成員。
The hotel will forward your packages to you after you check out.
旅館會在您退房後將包裹轉寄給您。
Could you forward this message to the person in charge of customer service?
可以請你把這則訊息轉寄給負責客服的人嗎？
- return
send back to the original sender
文法句型
forward + noun phrase
forward + noun phrase + to + recipient
用法筆記
The direct object is the item being sent on, and the recipient is introduced by to. For email, virtually all services have a Forward button that copies the message into a new composition.
常見錯誤
forward — 名詞
1. a player in a team ball sport such as football, basketball, or hockey whose main
前鋒
足球、籃球等運動中負責進攻的球員
a player in a team ball sport such as football, basketball, or hockey whose main job is to attack and score goals or points.
The young forward scored two goals in the first half of the World Cup qualifier.
那名年輕前鋒在世界盃資格賽的上半場踢進了兩球。
Dahlia plays as a forward for the national women's football team.
Dahlia 在國家女子足球隊擔任前鋒。
play as a forward = occupy the attacking position
The team needs a tall forward who can win headers from corner kicks.
球隊需要一名高大的前鋒來接應角球的頭槌攻門。
The coach started three forwards in the game, with two midfielders supporting them from behind.
教練派三名前鋒先發上場，由兩名中場在後方支援他們。
- defender
player whose main role is to stop the opposition from scoring
- goalkeeper
player who guards the goal
文法句型
the + forward
a + forward
用法筆記
Contrasts with defender (plays near own goal), midfielder (plays in the middle of the field), and goalkeeper (protects the goal). In basketball, forwards are typically divided into small forward and power forward.
2. one of the eight rugby players in the front positions who push during scrums and
橄欖前鋒
橄欖球中參與爭球的前排球員
one of the eight rugby players in the front positions who push during scrums and leap during lineouts, competing to obtain the ball.
In the rugby match, both forward packs pushed hard in the scrum for the ball.
在橄欖球比賽中，兩組前鋒在爭球中奮力推進搶球。
rugby forwards = players in scrum/lineout
Kwame, strong in the scrum, plays as a forward for his university rugby club.
Kwame 在爭球方面很強悍，目前在大學橄欖球俱樂部擔任前鋒。
In the rugby lineout, two forwards lifted their teammate high to catch the ball.
在橄欖球的界外爭球中，兩名前鋒把隊友高高抬起來接球。
A strong pack of forwards can dominate and decide a rugby match.
一組強力的前鋒陣容能主宰並決定一場橄欖球賽的勝負。
- back
in rugby, a player in the back line who typically runs with the ball
文法句型
the + forwards
a + forward
用法筆記
In rugby, forwards are distinct from backs (the faster, more skilled runners). The eight forwards are numbered 1-8 and include props, hooker, locks, flankers, and number eight.