radiate
/ˈreɪdieɪt/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈreɪdieɪt/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈrā-dē-ˌāt/ (ame, mw)
radiate — 動詞
- radiatepresent simple I / you / we / they
- radiateshe / she / it
- radiatedpast simple
- radiating-ing form
1. to send warmth, brightness, or energy outward into the surrounding area, or for
散發；放射
向四周發出熱、光或能量
to send warmth, brightness, or energy outward into the surrounding area, or for such warmth and brightness to flow away from a source like a fire, a lamp, or the sun.
The cast-iron stove in Layla's cabin radiated a steady warmth all evening.
Layla 小木屋裡的鑄鐵爐子整個晚上都散發著穩定的暖意。
transitive: [object] radiates [heat/warmth]
Heat radiated from the bonfire and reached the children sitting on the grass.
熱氣從營火向外散發，傳到了坐在草地上的孩子們身上。
intransitive: [heat] radiates from [source]
A pale glow radiated outward as Christopher held up the small oil lamp.
Christopher 舉起那盞小小的油燈時，淡淡的光向外放射開來。
The metal roof radiated the sun's heat back into the kitchen all afternoon.
金屬屋頂整個下午都把太陽的熱氣反射回廚房裡。
- absorb
to take in heat or light rather than send it out
文法句型
[thing] radiates [heat/light]
[heat/light] radiates from [thing]
用法筆記
Subject is usually a physical heat or light source (stove, lamp, sun, fire). Used both transitively (the stove radiates heat) and intransitively (heat radiates from the stove); the noun naming the heat or light stays the same in both patterns.
常見錯誤
2. to give off a strong feeling or personal trait — such as joy, calm, or confidenc
流露；散發出
讓人明顯感受到某種情緒或氣質
to give off a strong feeling or personal trait — such as joy, calm, or confidence — so clearly that other people can sense it just by being nearby; for example, a bride who seems to glow with happiness on her wedding day.
On her wedding day, Adisa radiated a calm joy that spread through the whole hall.
婚禮那天，Adisa 流露出一種沉靜的喜悅，瀰漫在整個大廳裡。
transitive: [person] radiates [emotion]
Confidence radiated from Sofia as she walked to the front of the courtroom.
Sofia 走向法庭前方時，全身散發著自信。
intransitive: [quality] radiates from [person]
The young teacher radiated warmth, and the children settled down within minutes.
那位年輕老師散發著一股溫暖，孩子們幾分鐘內就安靜下來了。
Even after the loss, Dario radiated a quiet kindness toward everyone in the room.
即使遭遇喪親之痛，Dario 對房間裡每個人仍流露出一股安靜的善意。
文法句型
[person] radiates [emotion/quality]
[emotion/quality] radiates from [person]
用法筆記
Subject is usually a person (sometimes their face or eyes). Object is usually a positive emotion or quality (joy, calm, confidence, warmth, kindness). Distinguish from sense 1: here the 'giving off' is metaphorical — no actual heat or light is produced.
常見錯誤
3. to extend or spread out in many directions from one central point — used of stre
向四方延伸
從中心點向各方向擴散開來
to extend or spread out in many directions from one central point — used of streets, rays, cracks, pain, or anything that fans out from a middle spot.
Narrow streets radiate from the old market square in the heart of Yan's hometown.
狹窄的街道從 Yan 老家市中心的舊市集廣場向四方延伸出去。
intransitive: [streets] radiate from [central point]
Sharp pain began to radiate down Nellie's left arm during the morning run.
Nellie 早晨跑步時，一陣劇痛開始從肩膀沿著左手臂蔓延下來。
medical context: pain radiates down / through [body part]
Thin cracks radiated outward across the windshield after the stone hit the glass.
石頭擊中擋風玻璃後，細小的裂痕向四方擴散開來。
Long wooden spokes radiate from the hub of the wagon wheel on the museum floor.
博物館地板上的馬車輪，長長的木輻條從輪軸向外延伸開來。
- spread out
more everyday; doesn't require a clear central starting point
- fan out
vivid image of opening like a hand fan; usually horizontal spreading
- branch out
implies splitting into smaller paths along the way, not straight lines
- converge
to come together toward one central point — the opposite direction
文法句型
[lines/roads/pain] radiate from [point]
[lines] radiate outward
用法筆記
Almost always intransitive in this sense, paired with 'from + central point' or 'outward'. Common in geography (streets, roads), medicine (pain), and physics (rays, cracks). Subject is the lines or things that fan out, not the center itself.
常見錯誤
radiate — 形容詞
- radiatepositive
- more radiatecomparative
- most radiatesuperlative
1. having flower parts that look like rays sticking out from a central disk — as yo
輻射狀的
花瓣像光線一樣從中央伸出
having flower parts that look like rays sticking out from a central disk — as you see on a daisy or sunflower.
Élise's botany teacher pointed to the daisy and called it a classic radiate flower head.
Élise 的植物學老師指著那朵雛菊，稱它是典型的輻射狀花序。
attributive: radiate flower / flower head
Most plants in the daisy family produce radiate blooms with a yellow disk in the middle.
菊科大多數植物會開出輻射狀的花，中間有一塊黃色的花盤。
collocation: radiate bloom / flower
Lakshmi's field notebook describes sunflowers as radiate composites with long outer petals.
Lakshmi 的田野筆記本把向日葵描述為長著長外瓣的輻射狀複合花。
The botanist explained why some species are radiate while others bear only tiny disk flowers.
植物學家解釋為什麼有些物種是輻射狀的，有些卻只長著小小的盤花。
- rayed
more transparent and easier to read; common in popular plant guides
- ray-bearing
descriptive technical alternative used in some field guides
- discoid
having only disk flowers, no outer rays — the contrasting flower head type
文法句型
[radiate] + [noun]
用法筆記
Used almost only in botany when describing daisy-like flower heads. Outside this technical field, learners are unlikely to meet this adjective; it sounds odd in everyday writing.
2. having parts arranged equally around a central point, so the shape looks the sam
輻射對稱的
身體各部分繞著中心點均勻排列
having parts arranged equally around a central point, so the shape looks the same when turned any direction — like the body of a starfish.
Mira's marine biology professor described starfish as radiate animals with five matching arms.
Mira 的海洋生物學教授把海星描述為長著五隻相同手臂的輻射對稱動物。
attributive: radiate animal / body / form
The body of a jellyfish is radiate, with tentacles spaced evenly around its central mouth.
水母的身體是輻射對稱的，觸手均勻環繞著中央的口部。
predicative: be radiate
Sea urchins and starfish share a radiate body plan that helps them feed in every direction.
海膽和海星共享一種輻射對稱的身體結構，讓牠們能朝各方向取食。
Many ancient sea creatures showed a clearly radiate shape rather than a left-right symmetry.
許多古代的海洋生物呈現明顯的輻射狀外形，而不是左右對稱。
- radial
much more common in everyday and scientific writing; 'radial symmetry' is the standard phrase
- radially symmetrical
longer but the clearest option in introductory biology texts
- bilateral
having matching left and right sides — the contrasting body plan in most animals
文法句型
[radiate] + [noun]
[noun] + be + radiate
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1: sense 1 is about flower heads (botany), while this sense is about body shapes in biology (starfish, jellyfish, sea urchins). 'Radial' is more common than 'radiate' as the adjective for this idea in general scientific prose.