sworn

/swɔːn/ (bre, ipa) · [swˈɔrn] /swɔːrn/ (ame, ipa)

sworn — 動詞

  • swornpresent simple I / you / we / they
  • sworns3rd person singular
  • sworning-ing form
  • swornedpast simple

1. the form of 'swear' used after 'have', 'has', or 'had' when someone has made a s

1.動詞B1
釋義

宣誓；發誓

swear 的過去分詞形式

the form of 'swear' used after 'have', 'has', or 'had' when someone has made a serious promise, stated something under oath, or formally agreed to do something

例句

Jin has sworn to keep the launch date secret until Friday.

Jin 已發誓會把產品上線日期保密到星期五。

present perfect: has sworn to + infinitive

The witness had sworn that the missing file was genuine.

那名證人已宣誓表示那份遺失的檔案是真的。

past perfect with a that-clause

同義詞
  • promised

    broader and less formal; 'sworn' sounds more solemn and often involves an oath

  • vowed

    strong and emotional; often used for personal or public commitments

  • pledged

    formal and public; common for official promises or policy commitments

文法句型

have/has/had + sworn

have/has/had sworn + that-clause

have/has/had sworn + to-infinitive

be sworn in

be sworn to + noun

用法筆記

As a past participle, 'sworn' needs an auxiliary verb such as 'has', 'had', 'was', or 'were'. Distinguish it from the simple past 'swore': use 'swore' for a finished past action, but use 'sworn' after an auxiliary or in passive patterns such as 'be sworn in' and 'be sworn to secrecy'.

常見錯誤

❌I have swore to help them.
✅I have sworn to help them.
💡after 'have/has/had', use the past participle 'sworn', not the simple past 'swore'.
❌The witness sworn that the photo was real.
✅The witness swore that the photo was real.' or 'The witness has sworn that the photo was real.
💡'sworn' cannot stand alone as the main verb without an auxiliary.

sworn — 形容詞