wall
/wɔːl/ (bre, ipa) · /wɔːl/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈwȯl/ (ame, mw)
wall — 名詞
1. a flat vertical surface, built from materials such as brick, stone, or timber, t
牆；牆壁
建築物側面或圍住區域的直立結構
a flat vertical surface, built from materials such as brick, stone, or timber, that forms the side of a house or room, marks a boundary between two pieces of land, or stops animals or people from passing in or out.
The old stone walls of the castle were nearly three feet thick.
那座城堡的古老石牆將近有三英尺厚。
compound: stone wall / brick wall / concrete wall
Nora painted her bedroom wall a soft shade of blue last weekend.
Nora 上週末把她臥室的牆漆成柔和的藍色。
A high brick wall surrounded the garden and kept the dogs inside.
一道高高的磚牆圍住了花園，把狗關在裡面。
The children hung their drawings on the classroom wall for everyone to see.
孩子們把自己的畫掛在教室的牆上，讓大家都看得到。
Obi leaned against the wall and waited for the bus to arrive.
Obi 靠在牆上等公車來。
文法句型
wall of [material]
compound: stone wall / brick wall / concrete wall
用法筆記
Often used in compound nouns to describe the material or purpose of the wall, such as stone wall, garden wall, or boundary wall.
常見錯誤
2. the tissue that forms the outermost covering of a hollow internal structure insi
壁；管壁
人體中空器官或腔室的外層組織
the tissue that forms the outermost covering of a hollow internal structure inside a living creature, such as a stomach, blood tube, or plant cell.
The doctor explained that the stomach wall has several layers of muscle.
醫生解釋說，胃壁有好幾層肌肉。
anatomical: stomach wall / cell wall / artery wall
High blood pressure can slowly damage the walls of your arteries over time.
高血壓會隨著時間慢慢損害你的動脈壁。
Putri learned about the structure of cell walls in her biology class at school.
Putri 在學校的生物課上學到了細胞壁的結構。
A bad infection had caused swelling in the wall of Anong's colon.
一次嚴重的感染導致 Anong 的結腸壁腫脹。
文法句型
[body part] wall
用法筆記
Frequently appears in compound medical terms (blood vessel wall, chest wall, abdominal wall). Learners need only recognize this sense in health contexts rather than actively produce it.
3. a dense crowd or thick cluster of individuals or items packed so tightly that mo
人牆；障礙
緊密聚集的人群或物體形成的屏障
a dense crowd or thick cluster of individuals or items packed so tightly that moving beyond them becomes extremely difficult.
The demonstrators formed a solid wall to block the entrance to the building.
抗議者形成一道堅實的人牆，封鎖了大樓入口。
wall of + people/things forming an obstacle
A wall of security guards stood between the stage and the screaming fans.
一堵保安人牆站在舞台和尖叫的歌迷之間。
Joon pushed through a wall of people to reach his friend at the concert.
Joon 在音樂會上擠過一道人牆，才到達朋友身邊。
After the storm, a wall of fallen trees blocked the mountain road completely.
暴風雨過後，一整排倒下的樹木完全堵住了山路。
文法句型
wall of [people/things]
用法筆記
Almost always followed by of + noun describing the people or objects forming the barrier. The subject of the sentence is typically someone trying to move past the wall.
4. in football (soccer), a line of defending players who stand side by side at a fi
防守人牆
足球罰自由球時防守方排成的列隊
in football (soccer), a line of defending players who stand side by side at a fixed distance from the ball to make it harder for the opposing team to score directly from a free kick.
The goalkeeper placed four players in the wall for the free kick.
守門員在罰自由球時安排了四名球員排人牆。
football: defensive wall in a free kick
Mateo curled the ball over the wall and into the top corner of the net.
Mateo 踢出一記弧線球，越過人牆打入球門上角。
The referee made the wall stand exactly ten yards from the ball.
裁判要求人牆確實站在離球十碼的位置。
A well-organized wall is hard to score past in a free kick situation.
在自由球情況下，組織良好的人牆很難被攻破。
文法句型
form a wall
stand in the wall
defensive wall
用法筆記
Used primarily in British football contexts. American English typically uses wall only for soccer, not for American football. The phrase defensive wall is common in match commentary.
5. a large, powerful, fast-moving mass of something such as water, fire, or sound t
巨浪；大片
快速移動的大量物質（水、火、聲音等）
a large, powerful, fast-moving mass of something such as water, fire, or sound that moves forward like a solid barrier.
A wall of flame swept through the dry forest, forcing everyone to run.
一道火牆席捲了乾燥的森林，逼得大家拔腿就跑。
wall of + substance (water/fire/sound)
The tsunami hit the coast as a wall of dark water fifteen feet high.
海嘯襲擊海岸時，形成一道十五英尺高的黑色水牆。
A wall of sound hit the crowd when the band played their first song.
當樂團演奏第一首歌時，一道音牆衝向人群。
Mira watched a wall of fog roll in from the sea toward the little harbor.
Mira 看著一道霧牆從海面滾向小港口。
文法句型
wall of [substance]
用法筆記
Always uses the pattern wall of + noun and usually describes something dramatic or dangerous. Not used for small or gentle quantities — a light drizzle is not a wall of rain.
6. a feeling, attitude, or set of behaviours that stops two people or groups from s
隔閡；障礙
阻礙溝通或進步的情感或態度
a feeling, attitude, or set of behaviours that stops two people or groups from sharing ideas or understanding one another, or that holds back development or change.
A wall of mistrust between the two communities is hard to break down.
這兩個社群之間的信任之牆很難打破。
wall of + emotion; figurative barrier
After the argument, Charlotte felt a wall had grown between her and her sister.
吵架之後，Charlotte 覺得她和妹妹之間隔了一道牆。
The manager tried hard to break down the wall that kept staff from sharing ideas.
經理努力打破那道讓員工不敢分享想法的隔閡。
Years of misunderstanding had built a wall between the management and the workers.
多年的誤解在管理層和員工之間築起了一道牆。
- bridge
something that connects two groups instead of separating them
文法句型
wall of [emotion]
wall between [groups]
break down the wall
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 3 (CROWD / BARRIER): sense 3 describes a literal physical mass; sense 6 describes an abstract emotional or social obstacle. The verb break down is a common fixed collocation for this sense.
常見錯誤
wall — 動詞
1. to build a wall around a place or area in order to protect it, enclose it, or st
築牆圍住
在區域周圍建造牆壁以保護或圍住
to build a wall around a place or area in order to protect it, enclose it, or strengthen its defenses.
The old city was walled to protect it from attacks by enemy armies.
這座古城築有城牆，以防敵軍攻擊。
passive: be walled for protection
Yara's family walled their garden to stop deer from eating the vegetables.
Yara 的家人築牆圍住花園，防止鹿群吃掉蔬菜。
In medieval times, most towns were walled to keep invaders out.
中世紀時期，大多數城鎮都有城牆以抵擋入侵者。
The government plans to wall the border area to control illegal crossings.
政府計畫在邊境地區築牆，以管制非法越界行為。
文法句型
be walled
wall [area] with [material]
用法筆記
Commonly used in the passive voice (was walled, is walled). The sense leans formal or historical; in everyday conversation, build a wall around is more frequent than the verb wall alone.
2. to close off an opening, space, or area by building a wall across it, or to sepa
隔開；封閉
用牆把開口封住或將某物分開
to close off an opening, space, or area by building a wall across it, or to separate someone or something from others using a wall.
The homeowners walled off the old fireplace to create more space in the living room.
他們把舊壁爐用牆隔開，以增加客廳的空間。
phrasal verb: wall off / wall up
The broken window was walled up with bricks and cement the next day.
那扇破掉的窗戶隔天就用磚塊和水泥封起來了。
The builders walled in the damaged section of the tunnel for safety reasons.
工人把隧道受損的路段用牆封住，以策安全。
Obi walled off the storage area so the tools would not be in the way.
Obi 把儲物區用牆隔開，這樣工具就不會擋路了。
- open up
to create an opening or access
文法句型
wall off [something]
wall up [something]
wall [someone/something] in
用法筆記
Almost always appears with a particle (off, up, in) that specifies the direction or completeness of the separation. The bare verb wall without a particle belongs to sense 1 (SURROUND / FORTIFY).