frivolously

IPA/ˈfrɪvələsli/
KK[frˈɪvələsli]IPA/ˈfrɪvələsli/

frivolously — adjective

  • frivolouslypositive
  • more frivolouslycomparative
  • most frivolouslysuperlative

1. having little importance, value, or serious purpose; describing things that do n

1.adjectiveB2
Definition

having little importance, value, or serious purpose; describing things that do not really matter — for example, spending money on unnecessary items, arguing about tiny details, or focusing on entertainment instead of real needs.

Example

The committee spent hours debating frivolous details like the colour of the office curtains.

collocation: frivolous details

Jiwoo felt that buying a third handbag was a frivolous expense, so Jiwoo put the money into savings instead.

collocation: frivolous expense / frivolous purchase

Common collocations
  • frivolous expense
  • frivolous purchase
  • frivolous detail
  • frivolous entertainment
  • frivolous spending
Synonyms
  • trivial

    focuses on being unimportant or insignificant

  • petty

    stronger dismissive tone, often about complaints or arguments over small things

  • unimportant

    more neutral; does not carry the suggestion of wastefulness

Antonyms
  • important

    having great significance or value

  • serious

    deserving careful thought or attention

  • significant

    large enough to be noticed or have an effect

Grammar Patterns

frivolous + noun

be + frivolous

Usage Note

Commonly describes expenses, purchases, details, and entertainment — things seen as unnecessary or wasteful.

Common Mistakes

He was frivolous about the exam, so he failed.
He was careless about the exam, so he failed.
'frivolous' describes the thing (exam preparation as unimportant), not the person's neglect.

2. showing a lack of serious thought or respect; behaving in a silly or lighthearte

2.adjectiveB2
Definition

showing a lack of serious thought or respect; behaving in a silly or lighthearted way when the situation requires seriousness — for instance, joking during a serious discussion or not treating someone's feelings with the attention they deserve.

Example

The judge warned the lawyer that her frivolous comments would not be tolerated in court.

formal context: legal/ courtroom register

Mira tried to lighten the mood, but Wei told her this was not the time to be frivolous.

predicative: be + frivolous

Common collocations
  • frivolous joke
  • frivolous attitude
  • frivolous remark
  • frivolous behaviour
Synonyms
  • flippant

    more sharply critical; suggests disrespect

  • lighthearted

    more positive; does not imply wrong timing

  • silly

    simpler word; less formal and less judgmental

Antonyms
  • serious

    showing thoughtful attention

  • solemn

    very serious and formal, often for a ceremony or tragic occasion

  • earnest

    sincere and intensely serious

Grammar Patterns

be + frivolous

frivolous + noun (person)

Usage Note

Often implies mild disapproval. This sense differs from sense 1 (UNIMPORTANT) because it focuses on a person's attitude or behaviour rather than on the thing itself being trivial.

Common Mistakes

The party was frivolous and fun.
The party was lively and fun.
'frivolous' carries a negative judgement; use it when the lack of seriousness is inappropriate.

3. describing a legal claim, lawsuit, or argument that has no reasonable factual or

3.adjectiveC1
Definition

describing a legal claim, lawsuit, or argument that has no reasonable factual or legal foundation and is therefore considered pointless — for example, suing a company for a trivial reason that no court would ever accept.

Example

The judge dismissed the case as frivolous, noting that the plaintiff had presented no evidence at all.

passive: dismissed as frivolous

Nia's lawyer argued that the lawsuit against her client was frivolous and should never have been filed.

collocation: frivolous lawsuit

Common collocations
  • frivolous lawsuit
  • frivolous claim
  • frivolous appeal
  • frivolous litigation
Synonyms
  • groundless

    broader meaning; works both in legal and non-legal contexts

  • baseless

    emphasises the lack of supporting evidence

  • meritless

    formal; primarily used in legal writing

Antonyms
  • valid

    based on truth or reason; legally acceptable

  • well-founded

    supported by good evidence or reasoning

Grammar Patterns

frivolous + noun (claim, lawsuit, appeal)

Usage Note

Primarily a legal term in the US. When used outside of law, it carries a metaphorical sense of something being completely without merit.

Common Mistakes

His excuse was frivolous and no one believed it.
His excuse was flimsy and no one believed it.
'frivolous' in non-legal contexts sounds very formal; 'flimsy' is more natural for everyday excuses.

frivolously — adverb

Word family

Synonym discussion

Sense: adjective/1

All four words describe something that lacks seriousness, but they differ in tone and scope. 'Frivolous' (target sense: UNIMPORTANT) carries a judgement of wastefulness — the thing is not just unimportant but also shouldn't be given attention or resources ('frivolous spending', 'frivolous details'). 'Trivial' is more neutral and objective; it simply means the matter is of very little significance without implying anyone is at fault for focusing on it. 'Petty' adds an element of small-mindedness, especially about complaints or arguments ('petty squabbles', 'petty rules'). 'Silly' is the most everyday word; it suggests something is foolish or lacks sense rather than wasteful. Use 'frivolous' to criticise wasted attention or resources, 'trivial' for objective insignificance, 'petty' for small-minded behaviour, and 'silly' for mild, informal dismissal of something foolish.

Common collocations

Phrases

  • dismissed as frivolous
  • considered frivolous
  • nothing but frivolous
  • in a frivolous manner

Prepositions

Etymology

LatinFrenchEnglish

The word 'frivolously' comes from Latin 'frīvolus' meaning 'worthless, trifling', which passed into Old French as 'frivole' and then into Middle English as 'frivolous'. During the 15th–17th centuries, English speakers added the suffix '-ly' to form the adverb 'frivolously'. The original Latin sense of emptiness or lack of substance carried into English, evolving in the 18th century to describe both trivial things and inappropriate lightheartedness. The specialised legal sense (a groundless lawsuit) emerged in 19th-century American court usage.

First known use

15th century

15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a