immunise

IPA/ˈɪm.jə.naɪz/
IPA/ˈɪm.jə.naɪz/

immunise — verb

  • immunisepresent simple I / you / we / they
  • immunises3rd person singular
  • immunising-ing form
  • immunisedpast simple

1. to inject a vaccine into a human being or another animal so that the body become

1.動詞及物B2
釋義

to inject a vaccine into a human being or another animal so that the body becomes able to fight a specific illness without getting sick from it

例句

All children in the town were immunised against the flu last autumn.

passive: be immunised against [disease]

Dr. Talia immunised Noor's twins against measles at the health centre this morning.

transitive: immunise [person] against [disease]

同義詞
  • vaccinate

    more specific — refers to giving a vaccine as a medical procedure; 'vaccinate' focuses on the action, while 'immunise' focuses on the result

  • inoculate

    more formal and technical; can imply introducing a substance to build immunity, not necessarily a standard vaccine

反義詞
  • infect

    opposite effect — to pass a disease to someone rather than protect them from it

  • expose

    to put someone in contact with a disease without protection

文法句型

immunise + [person/animal] + against + [disease]

be immunised against + [disease]

用法筆記

The person or animal receiving the immunisation is the grammatical object. The disease is introduced with the preposition 'against'. Frequently found in passive constructions, especially in public health contexts.

常見錯誤

❌The nurse immunised the disease against the child.
✅The nurse immunised the child against the disease.
💡You immunise the person or animal, not the disease itself.
❌The doctor immunised a vaccine to the baby.
✅The doctor immunised the baby against polio with a vaccine.
💡Use 'against' for the disease, not 'with' for the vaccine as the main object.

2. to officially protect someone from being punished or held legally responsible fo

2.動詞及物C1
釋義

to officially protect someone from being punished or held legally responsible for something they have done, typically in exchange for their cooperation with an investigation

例句

The key witness was immunised from prosecution in exchange for her testimony against the company.

passive: be immunised from prosecution

A judge can immunise a witness if their evidence is essential to the case.

active: immunise [witness] if [condition]

同義詞
  • exempt

    broader — can apply to any obligation or requirement, not only legal liability

  • pardon

    different process — a pardon is granted after a conviction; immunisation prevents prosecution from starting

反義詞
  • prosecute

    to officially charge someone with a crime and bring them to court

文法句型

immunise + [person] + from + [prosecution/liability]

be immunised from + [prosecution/liability]

用法筆記

The preposition 'from' introduces the legal consequence (prosecution, liability). The preposition 'against' is occasionally used in legal contexts but 'from' is standard. This sense is almost exclusively formal and occurs in legal or governmental proceedings.

常見錯誤

❌The judge immunised the crime.
✅The judge immunised the witness from prosecution.
💡You immunise the person, not the offence or legal consequence.