lombard
lombard — noun
1. Peter Lombard (c. 1096–1160), a medieval Italian theologian and bishop whose boo
Peter Lombard (c. 1096–1160), a medieval Italian theologian and bishop whose book 'The Four Books of Sentences' became the standard theology textbook in European universities for centuries.
Stefan read a chapter of Peter Lombard's 'Sentences' for his medieval philosophy class.
proper noun referring to the theologian
Nia struggled to follow Peter Lombard's arguments about the Trinity during her theology seminar.
Ayesha found an old copy of Peter Lombard's 'Sentences' at a university book sale.
The professor said Peter Lombard's work shaped Catholic teachings for over three hundred years.
用法筆記
This sense refers specifically to the theologian. It is not a description of a group or place.
2. a village in DuPage County, northeastern Illinois, United States, about 40 km we
a village in DuPage County, northeastern Illinois, United States, about 40 km west of Chicago.
The Watanabe family moved to Lombard because the local schools had a strong reputation.
proper noun — village name
Yara took the train from Chicago to Lombard to visit a friend near the village centre.
The public library in Lombard offers free language classes for new immigrants.
Brandon drove through Lombard on his way to the Morton Arboretum last weekend.
lombard — noun
1. one of the Langobards, a Germanic tribe that arrived in Italy in the sixth centu
one of the Langobards, a Germanic tribe that arrived in Italy in the sixth century and controlled much of the northern part of the country for several hundred years; the region later called Lombardy took its name from them.
Diego wrote about how the Lombards settled in northern Italy after crossing the Alps.
Lombards + settled in northern Italy
The Lombard king Alboin led his people across the Alps in the sixth century.
Many Lombards adopted Latin and became Christians within a few generations.
Artifacts from Lombard burial sites give archaeologists clues about early medieval life.
- Langobard
the original Latin name from which 'Lombard' is derived; used mainly in scholarly writing
用法筆記
When referring to the historical tribe, 'Lombard' is used as both a countable noun ('the Lombards') and an attributive adjective ('Lombard kingdom'). The singular refers to one individual of that people.
常見錯誤
2. a person who was born in or lives in Lombardy, a region in northern Italy that i
a person who was born in or lives in Lombardy, a region in northern Italy that includes the city of Milan.
Marco is a Lombard from Bergamo, and he speaks with a distinct northern Italian accent.
Lombard = person from Lombardy
Some Lombards in the Alpine valleys still speak a regional language called Lombard.
Many Lombards moved to Switzerland for work during the economic shifts of the 1900s.
Anong met a Lombard from Milan who taught her how to make risotto alla Milanese.
用法筆記
This sense is distinct from sense 3: a modern inhabitant of Lombardy is not directly descended from the medieval Germanic tribe, though the region's name comes from it.
3. in medieval and Renaissance Europe, a person whose job was lending money, exchan
in medieval and Renaissance Europe, a person whose job was lending money, exchanging currency, or managing financial accounts — a term used especially for Italian bankers who worked across the continent.
Kenji learned that 'Lombard' once meant an Italian moneylender working near London's Lombard Street.
Lombard = moneylender; Lombard Street in London
A Lombard in Paris could charge interest on loans even when local rules banned it.
The king borrowed a large sum from a wealthy Lombard for his military campaign.
Talia read about a Lombard who ran a counting house in Bruges during the 1400s.
- moneylender
a more general term that does not imply Italian origin
- banker
a broader modern term; 'Lombard' is more specific to medieval Italian financiers
用法筆記
This sense is historical only. 'Lombard' is not used to mean 'banker' in modern English except in historical contexts or the street name 'Lombard Street' in London.