battery

/ˈbætri/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈbætəri/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈba-t(ə-)rē/ (ame, mw) · /ˈbæt.ər.i/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈbæt̬.ɚ.i/ (ame, ipa)

battery — 名詞

1. a small object, or a larger sealed unit, that stores chemical energy and release

1.名詞A2
釋義

電池

儲存化學能、放電供裝置使用的小型電源

a small object, or a larger sealed unit, that stores chemical energy and releases it as electricity to power things like phones, torches, watches, or cars.

例句

Kenji changed the battery in the smoke alarm before going to bed.

Kenji 上床睡覺前，先把煙霧警報器的電池換掉。

the battery in [device]

My phone battery dies by lunchtime if I watch videos on the train.

我在火車上看影片的話，手機電池中午就沒電了。

phone battery dies — common informal collocation

同義詞
  • cell

    more technical; one cell is a single unit, while a battery is often several cells together

  • power pack

    informal, refers to a portable charger or battery module

文法句型

a battery for [device]

run on batteries

用法筆記

Often used in the plural for small replaceable cells (AA, AAA) and in the singular for a single sealed unit (a car battery, a phone battery). Common verbs: charge, replace, change, run out, die.

常見錯誤

❌My phone has no battery left, I need to load it.
✅My phone has no battery left, I need to charge it.
💡in English you charge a battery, you don't 'load' it.

2. a fairly large set of related machines, tools, tests, or questions that are used

2.名詞B2
釋義

一組；一系列

一整套同類的測驗、問題或設備

a fairly large set of related machines, tools, tests, or questions that are used or carried out together as one organised collection.

例句

The doctors ran a battery of blood tests before they could give Rashida a clear diagnosis.

醫生先替 Rashida 安排一系列血液檢查，才能給出明確的診斷。

a battery of tests — frequent collocation

Reporters fired a battery of questions at the mayor as she left the courthouse.

市長走出法院時，記者連珠炮似地拋出一連串問題。

a battery of questions

同義詞
  • array

    interchangeable in most cases; slightly more visual or impressive in feel

  • series

    stresses sequence rather than the impressive size of the collection

  • set

    neutral and general; lacks the 'large and organised' nuance of 'battery'

文法句型

a battery of [plural noun]

用法筆記

Almost always appears in the pattern 'a battery of + plural noun'. Object is normally something formal, organised, or impressive in number — tests, questions, lights, machines, lawyers — not just any random group.

常見錯誤

❌There was a battery of three friends waiting outside.
✅There was a group of three friends waiting outside.
💡'battery of' suggests a large, organised set, not a small casual group.

3. a set of heavy guns, missile launchers, or similar weapons positioned and fired

3.名詞C1
釋義

炮兵連；炮組

成組部署、共同操作的重型火炮或飛彈單位

a set of heavy guns, missile launchers, or similar weapons positioned and fired together as a single unit, or the army group that operates them.

例句

The coastal battery opened fire on enemy ships as soon as they entered the harbour.

敵艦一駛入港口，岸上的炮兵連立刻開火。

coastal / shore battery

Captain Reyes commanded an anti-aircraft battery stationed on the hillside above the airfield.

Reyes 上尉指揮一支駐紮在機場上方山坡的防空炮兵連。

anti-aircraft battery

同義詞
  • artillery unit

    more general military term for a group that operates heavy guns

  • emplacement

    focuses on the prepared position rather than the guns or the soldiers

文法句型

an artillery battery

a battery of [guns]

用法筆記

Refers to both the weapons themselves and the unit of soldiers operating them — context decides which is meant. Distinguish from sense 2: this sense is specifically military, while sense 2 covers any large organised set.

4. in law, the offence of touching or hitting another person on purpose without the

4.名詞C1
釋義

毆擊罪

未經同意對他人施加身體接觸的犯罪行為

in law, the offence of touching or hitting another person on purpose without their agreement, whether or not the person ends up hurt; often charged together with assault.

例句

Mr. Hayes was charged with assault and battery after the fight outside the bar.

Hayes 先生在酒吧外打架後，被以人身攻擊與毆擊罪起訴。

assault and battery — fixed legal phrase

The judge sentenced the defendant to two years in prison for battery against an elderly neighbour.

法官以對年長鄰居施暴為由，判被告兩年有期徒刑。

battery against [victim]

同義詞
  • assault

    in everyday English they overlap, but legally assault is often the threat and battery is the actual contact

  • physical attack

    everyday equivalent; not used in courtroom language

文法句型

assault and battery

charged with battery

用法筆記

A legal term, almost always in formal or news writing. Distinguish from 'assault': in many systems assault is the threat or attempt, while battery is the actual physical contact. Often combined as 'assault and battery'.

常見錯誤

❌He committed a battery on the security guard.
✅He committed battery against the security guard.
💡battery in this legal sense is uncountable; don't say 'a battery'.

5. in baseball, the pitcher and the catcher considered together as one working pair

5.名詞C2
釋義

投捕搭檔

棒球中投手與捕手合稱的搭檔

in baseball, the pitcher and the catcher considered together as one working pair, since they have to plan and signal every pitch as a team.

例句

The Tigers' battery of Hernandez and Park has shut out three teams this month.

老虎隊由 Hernandez 與 Park 組成的投捕搭檔，本月已讓三支球隊掛蛋。

the battery of [pitcher] and [catcher]

Coach Diaz said the young battery worked well together despite their age difference.

Diaz 教練表示，這對年輕投捕搭檔雖然年紀有差，配合卻很有默契。

the battery (pitcher + catcher) as a unit

同義詞

文法句型

the battery

用法筆記

Specialist baseball term; outside sports writing or commentary, learners are unlikely to meet or need it. Always treated as a single unit even though it refers to two players.

battery — 形容詞