beard
beard — 名詞
- beardsingular
- beardsplural
1. the short or long hairs covering a man's chin, cheeks, and lower face, often kep
鬍鬚
下巴和臉頰上的毛髮
the short or long hairs covering a man's chin, cheeks, and lower face, often kept instead of being shaved
Sivan decided to grow a beard during the winter months to keep his face warm.
Sivan 決定在冬天留鬍子，讓臉部保暖。
The old carpenter's white beard was so long that it reached his chest.
那位老木匠的白鬍鬚長到垂到胸前。
collocation: long / white / bushy beard
Dewi shaved off his beard for the job interview because he wanted to look younger.
Dewi 為了工作面試剃掉了鬍子，因為他想看起來年輕一點。
Every morning Antonia's grandfather trims his beard carefully with a small pair of scissors.
每天早上 Antonia 的祖父都會用小剪刀仔細修剪鬍鬚。
A thick grey beard covered the old sailor's face, making him look older than he was.
濃密的灰白鬍鬚覆蓋了老水手的臉，讓他看起來比實際年齡更老。
- whiskers
less common in modern English; more often used for animals or in old-fashioned expressions
- facial hair
a broader term that includes mustaches, sideburns, and beards
- clean-shaven
describes a face with no beard or mustache at all
用法筆記
Unlike 'mustache' (hair above the upper lip) or 'goatee' (hair only on the chin), a beard covers a larger area of the lower face.
常見錯誤
2. the tuft of longer hair that hangs from the lower jaw of a goat or similar anima
山羊鬍
山羊下巴上的長毛
the tuft of longer hair that hangs from the lower jaw of a goat or similar animal
The old billy goat had a long white beard that almost touched the ground.
那隻老公羊的長長白鬍子幾乎垂到地面。
Children at the petting zoo loved to gently pull on the goat's soft beard.
在寵物動物園裡，孩子們喜歡輕輕拉山羊柔軟的山羊鬍。
collocation: goat's beard
Reema's drawing showed a mountain goat with a short beard standing on a high rock.
Reema 的畫中畫了一隻站在高岩石上、鬍子短短的野山羊。
The farmer pointed at the kid goat and said its beard would grow longer as it got older.
農夫指著小山羊說，等牠長大後鬍子會變得更長。
Camille noticed that both male and female goats can grow a small beard under their chin.
Camille 發現公羊和母羊的下巴都會長出一小撮鬍子。
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1 (facial hair on a person): this sense applies only to animals. The word is most common in reference to goats.
3. the tough, hair-like fibres that shellfish such as mussels use to attach themsel
足絲
貽貝等貝類附著岩石的絲狀物
the tough, hair-like fibres that shellfish such as mussels use to attach themselves to rocks or other hard surfaces
Before cooking the mussels, pull off the dark beards that stick out from between the shells.
烹煮貽貝之前，先把從殼縫中露出的黑色足絲拔掉。
collocation: remove / pull off the beards (of mussels)
The chef showed the new cook how to clean each mussel by scraping the shell and removing its beard.
主廚教新來的廚師如何清洗每顆貽貝——刮淨外殼並去除足絲。
Ravindra soaked the clams in cold water before twisting off the beards with a sharp tug.
Ravindra 把蛤蜊泡在冷水裡，然後用力一扭把足絲擰掉。
A mussel uses its beard to hold tightly onto a rock so that waves do not wash it away.
貽貝用足絲緊緊附著在岩石上，才不會被海浪沖走。
- byssus
the technical biological term for the fibre bundle; rarely used in everyday cooking
用法筆記
In cooking instructions, the plural form 'beards' is standard. The biological term for these fibres is 'byssus threads'.
4. a person who pretends to be someone's romantic partner in order to hide that per
幌子
用來隱藏真實感情的假伴侶
a person who pretends to be someone's romantic partner in order to hide that person's actual relationship status or sexual orientation from others
Cyrus asked his friend to act as a beard at dinner so his parents stopped asking about his love life.
Cyrus 請朋友在晚餐時假扮他的伴侶，讓父母不再追問他的感情生活。
usage: 'act as / be a beard' (informal)
In the film, the singer hires an actress to be his beard while he secretly dates someone else.
在電影裡，那位歌手雇用了一名女演員當幌子，實際上他正祕密和別人約會。
Owen suspected that his sister's new boyfriend was just a beard to keep their traditional parents from worrying.
Owen 懷疑姊姊的新男友只是個幌子，用來安撫觀念傳統的父母。
The celebrity admitted in an interview that his marriage had been a beard arranged by his managers.
那位名人在訪談中承認，他的婚姻是經紀人安排的幌子。
- front
broader meaning; can refer to any deceptive appearance, not limited to romantic relationships
用法筆記
This sense is informal and most commonly used in discussions about closeted celebrities or public figures. It often carries a negative connotation of deceit.
5. an activity, object, or public image that is deliberately presented to hide the
假象
用來掩蓋真相的表面偽裝
an activity, object, or public image that is deliberately presented to hide the real nature of a person, situation, or organization
The charity's fundraising parties were just a beard for the director's personal business deals.
那家慈善機構的募款派對只是為了掩蓋負責人私下商業交易的假象。
pattern: 'a beard for [hidden purpose]'
Allison worried that her cheerful online posts were becoming a beard for her real loneliness.
Allison 擔心她在網路上開朗的貼文已經變成掩飾內心孤獨的假象。
The company used its environmental awards as a beard to distract from its pollution problems.
那家公司用環保獎項做為假象，轉移外界對其汙染問題的注意。
What looked like a simple bookshop turned out to be a beard for a secret meeting place.
那家看似普通的書店，原來是祕密集會場所的假象。
- front
more common; can be used in the same way for any deceptive appearance
- smokescreen
implies a deliberate attempt to confuse or mislead, often in a corporate or political context
- facade
suggests a false outward appearance that covers up something unpleasant
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 4 (a person as a romantic decoy): this sense applies to things, activities, or public images. The construction is typically 'a beard for [something]'.
beard — 動詞
- beardpresent simple I / you / we / they
- beards3rd person singular
- bearding-ing form
- beardedpast simple
1. to approach and speak directly to someone who is intimidating, powerful, or unfr
直面
勇敢面對令人畏懼的人
to approach and speak directly to someone who is intimidating, powerful, or unfriendly, showing courage by not backing away
Sade took a deep breath and bearded the strict head teacher in his office to ask for another chance.
Sade 深吸一口氣，直面嚴厲的校長，為自己爭取第二次機會。
pattern: 'beard + person + in [place/location]'
The young reporter bearded the angry general with a series of direct questions about the war.
那位年輕記者當面質問憤怒的將軍，一連串問了幾個關於戰爭的直接問題。
A nervous intern bearded the CEO during the coffee break to demand a fair explanation for the pay cut.
一位緊張的實習生在咖啡休息時間直接去找執行長，要求他對減薪給出合理的解釋。
Tomás bearded the rude neighbour at the front gate and told him to stop throwing rubbish into their garden.
Tomás 在大門前當面質問粗魯的鄰居，叫他不准再把垃圾丟到他們的花園裡。
- avoid
the opposite action — to stay away from someone instead of approaching them
文法句型
beard + person
用法筆記
This verb is quite formal and infrequent in everyday speech. It often appears in narrative or literary contexts. The construction is always transitive: you beard a person, not a situation.
常見錯誤
2. to clean a mussel or similar shellfish by pulling away the hairy fibres that sti
去鬚
烹飪前去除貝類的足絲
to clean a mussel or similar shellfish by pulling away the hairy fibres that stick out from between its shells, typically before cooking
The cook bearded the mussels while her partner chopped garlic and onions for the sauce.
廚師忙著為貽貝去鬚，她的搭檔則在切蒜頭和洋蔥準備醬汁。
pattern: 'beard + type of shellfish' in cooking context
The recipe said to scrub and beard the clams before steaming them in white wine.
食譜上說要用刷子刷洗蛤蜊並去除足絲，然後用白酒蒸煮。
At the seafood stall, the fishmonger quickly bearded a pile of fresh mussels for a customer.
在海鮮攤前，魚販迅速為客人處理一堆新鮮貽貝的足絲。
The mussels need to be washed and bearded first, then checked for any that are cracked or open.
這些貽貝需要先清洗並去除足絲，然後檢查有沒有破損或打開的。
文法句型
beard + mussels/clams
用法筆記
In recipes, 'bearded' is often used in the passive ('scrubbed and bearded') as a step-by-step instruction. This sense is directly connected to noun sense 3 (the mussel's beard).