concurrence
/kənˈkʌrəns/ (bre, ipa) · /kənˈkɜːrəns/ (ame, ipa) · /kən-ˈkər-ən(t)s -ˈkə-rən(t)s, kän-/ (ame, mw)
concurrence — 名詞
- concurrencesingular
- concurrencesplural
1. the state of two or more people sharing the same view, or formally going along w
同意；贊同
正式表達相同意見或同意決定
the state of two or more people sharing the same view, or formally going along with a plan, choice, or judgment — for example, board members signing off on a budget after the chair proposes it.
The new policy needs the concurrence of all five board members before it takes effect.
新政策必須取得五位董事全體的同意才能生效。
concurrence of + group (formal sign-off)
Jason expressed his concurrence with the committee's plan to extend the library's evening hours.
Jason 對委員會延長圖書館晚間開放時間的計畫表示贊同。
concurrence with + plan/decision
In concurrence with her doctor, Yuna decided to delay the surgery until after her exams.
在徵得醫師同意後，Yuna 決定把手術延到考試結束之後。
There was wide concurrence among the teachers that the new schedule was too tight.
老師之間普遍認同新的課表安排太緊湊。
Without the mayor's concurrence, the funding request cannot move forward.
沒有市長的同意，這筆經費申請無法繼續進行。
- agreement
the everyday, neutral term; concurrence is more formal and institutional
- consent
emphasises granting permission; concurrence is broader — shared opinion or formal sign-off
- accord
literary or diplomatic register; often used of nations or written treaties
- assent
narrower — formal expression of agreement, often by a single authority
- disagreement
general opposite
- dissent
formal register — fits the same legal/institutional contexts as concurrence
文法句型
concurrence with [person/decision]
in concurrence with
用法筆記
Subject is usually an institution, committee, or named individual whose formal approval is needed; rarely used of casual everyday agreement. Distinguish from sense 3 — sense 1 is about shared opinion or consent, not events happening together.
常見錯誤
2. a separate written opinion by a judge who reaches the same final ruling as the m
協同意見書
法官同結論但不同理由的書面意見
a separate written opinion by a judge who reaches the same final ruling as the majority but explains a different reason for that ruling.
Justice Caleb filed a brief concurrence agreeing with the outcome but rejecting one line of the majority's reasoning.
Caleb 大法官提交了一份簡短的協同意見書，同意判決結果但不認同多數意見的某一段論述。
file a concurrence (legal usage)
Judge Wei's concurrence cited an earlier case that the rest of the court had ignored.
Wei 法官的協同意見書引用了一件其他法官都忽略的早期案例。
[judge's] concurrence cited [precedent]
The two-page concurrence by Judge Stefan focused only on the free-speech argument.
Stefan 法官的兩頁協同意見書只聚焦在言論自由的論點。
Law students often read the dissent and the concurrence together to see where the judges split.
法學院學生常把不同意見書和協同意見書一起閱讀，看法官在哪裡產生分歧。
- concurring opinion
the full term — 'concurrence' is the short form used in law schools and case books
- dissent
a written opinion that disagrees with the majority ruling
文法句型
write a concurrence
file a concurrence
用法筆記
Only appears in legal writing about court decisions. The author is always a judge or justice; the document is always tied to a specific ruling. Distinguish from sense 1 — sense 2 is the physical document, not the broader idea of agreement.
常見錯誤
3. the situation where several events, conditions, or causes overlap in time — for
同時發生
兩件以上事件同時發生的情況
the situation where several events, conditions, or causes overlap in time — for example, a power cut hitting a neighbourhood at the same moment as a heavy thunderstorm.
The flood was caused by an unusual concurrence of heavy rain and a high tide.
這次水災是由大雨和漲潮同時發生所造成。
concurrence of A and B (cause structure)
By a strange concurrence, Élise and her old classmate landed in Lisbon on the same flight.
出於奇妙的巧合，Élise 和她的老同學搭上同一班飛機抵達里斯本。
by a strange concurrence (coincidence phrase)
The concurrence of the festival and the school holiday filled every hotel in the town.
節慶和學校假期同時舉行，讓鎮上每一間旅館都客滿。
Historians point to the concurrence of drought and war as the main reason the village was abandoned.
歷史學家認為，乾旱和戰爭同時發生是這座村莊被遺棄的主要原因。
A rare concurrence of three planets in the night sky drew watchers to the rooftop of Hari's apartment building.
三顆行星罕見地同時出現在夜空中，吸引人們聚集到 Hari 公寓的頂樓觀看。
- coincidence
more common; suggests no planned link between the events
- co-occurrence
neutral and technical; common in research writing
- convergence
stresses that the events move toward one point or outcome; concurrence just notes shared timing
文法句型
concurrence of [events]
the concurrence of A and B
用法筆記
Subject is usually two or more events, forces, or conditions named with 'of' or 'and'. Often signals that the combination is the cause of an unusual result. Distinguish from sense 1 — sense 3 is about timing, not opinion.