deontologist
deontologist — 名詞
1. a specialist who studies or teaches deontology — the branch of ethics that evalu
義務論學者
專研義務論的學者
a specialist who studies or teaches deontology — the branch of ethics that evaluates actions by their conformity to duties and rules, rather than by their results.
Lan is a deontologist who studies the duty to tell the truth in medical care.
Lan 是一位義務論學者，專門研究醫療照護中說實話的義務。
countable noun for a specialist
Oxford University invited a well-known deontologist to give a lecture on truth-telling in medical research.
牛津大學邀請了一位知名的義務論學者，就醫療研究中說實話的議題發表演講。
Professor Hugo, a respected deontologist, has published papers on whether promises made under pressure are still morally binding.
Hugo 教授是備受尊敬的義務論學者，曾發表論文探討在壓力下所做的承諾是否仍有道德約束力。
The book brings together deontologists and utilitarians to debate the foundations of ethics.
這本書匯集了義務論學者與效益論者，共同探討倫理學的基礎。
Lien began her training as a deontologist by reading Kant's Groundwork during her first year of graduate school.
Lien 在研究所第一年時，透過閱讀康德的《道德形上學基礎》開始了義務論學者的訓練。
- deontic ethicist
more technical and less common; used mainly in academic philosophy journals
- duty-based ethicist
a descriptive phrase rather than a standard noun; helps learners understand the core idea
- consequentialist
a person who judges actions by their outcomes rather than by duties
- utilitarian
a type of consequentialist who focuses on maximising happiness or well-being
用法筆記
This sense emphasises expertise in the academic study of deontology, not necessarily the scholar's own ethical position. Often contrasted with 'utilitarian' or 'consequentialist' in philosophical writing.
常見錯誤
2. a philosopher who holds that the moral worth of an action is determined by wheth
義務論者
主張義務論倫理的哲學家
a philosopher who holds that the moral worth of an action is determined by whether it follows duties and rules, regardless of the results it brings about.
Dr. Tamás argued that a deontologist must oppose lying even when the truth endangers a refugee's safety.
Tamás 博士主張，義務論者必須反對說謊，即使說真話會危及難民的安全。
typical claim: duty overrides consequences
Devika argued that a deontologist cannot break a promise of confidentiality, even to benefit the public.
Devika 主張義務論者不能違反保密的承諾，即使這樣做對公眾有益。
For Nadia, a deontologist, a promise binds regardless of what keeping it costs.
對 Nadia 這位義務論者來說，承諾的約束力不因兌現的代價而改變。
Yuna's deontologist training told her that lying about a product defect means using customers as a means to profit.
Yuna 所受的義務論訓練告訴她，謊報產品瑕疵就等於把顧客當作賺錢的手段。
The student tried to argue like a deontologist, insisting that rules cannot be broken for convenience.
那名學生試圖像義務論者一樣辯論，堅持認為規則不能為了方便而被打破。
- Kantian
refers specifically to followers of Immanuel Kant's version of deontology; narrower than 'deontologist'
- non-consequentialist
a broader term covering any ethical theory that does not judge actions solely by their outcomes
- consequentialist
someone who judges moral worth by the outcomes produced
- utilitarian
a consequentialist who evaluates actions by their effect on overall happiness
用法筆記
This sense focuses on the philosopher's own ethical position rather than their academic specialisation. Distinguish from sense 1 (DUTY ETHICS SCHOLAR), which refers to someone who studies deontology as an academic discipline irrespective of their personal stance.