downgrade
/ˌdaʊnˈɡreɪd/ (bre, ipa) · /ˌdaʊnˈɡreɪd/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈdau̇n-ˌgrād/ (ame, mw)
downgrade — 動詞
- downgradepresent simple I / you / we / they
- downgradeshe / she / it
- downgradedpast simple
- downgrading-ing form
1. to officially move a person, product, service, or financial rating to a less imp
降級；調降
降低職位、等級或評價
to officially move a person, product, service, or financial rating to a less important rank, position, or level, or to judge something as being worth less than before.
After a series of guest complaints, the hotel chain was downgraded from four stars to three.
由於一連串的客訴，該連鎖飯店從四星被調降為三星。
passive: be downgraded from [X] to [Y]
The airline downgraded Wei's seat to economy and refunded the price difference.
航空公司將 Wei 的座位降級為經濟艙，並退還了差價。
active: downgrade + noun phrase + to [lower tier]
Following the failed trade talks, the analysts downgraded the country's credit rating.
貿易談判失敗後，分析師調降了該國的信貸評級。
文法句型
downgrade + noun phrase + from + noun phrase + to + noun phrase
be downgraded + from + noun phrase + to + noun phrase
用法筆記
Frequently used in the passive construction when the agent (the person or body making the change) is not the focus of the sentence. Common in financial contexts with ratings (credit, bond, stock) and travel contexts (hotel star rating, airline seat class).
常見錯誤
downgrade — 名詞
- downgradesingular
- downgradesplural
1. an official move to a lower rank, position, value, or quality level; a judgment
降等；貶抑
等級或地位的降低
an official move to a lower rank, position, value, or quality level; a judgment that someone or something is less important or valuable than previously thought.
The downgrade of the city's credit rating meant higher interest costs for new public projects.
該市的信用評級被降等，意味著新的公共建設計畫將面臨更高的利息成本。
collocation: downgrade of [a credit rating]
Hana was devastated by the job downgrade, even though the company was simply restructuring.
Hana 因職位被降等而深受打擊，即使公司只是在進行重組。
After the bond downgrade, many institutional investors sold their shares in the energy firm.
債券被降等之後，許多機構投資人出售了他們在該能源公司的持股。
- demotion
used only for a person's job rank, not for products or ratings
- devaluation
focuses on monetary worth; stronger and more technical than 'downgrade'
- reduction
a more general word covering size, quantity, or degree; less formal
- upgrade
an official move to a higher rank, level, or standard
文法句型
a downgrade + of + noun phrase
downgrade + from + noun phrase + to + noun phrase
用法筆記
Common in compound-noun form before another noun: 'downgrade decision', 'downgrade risk'. Credit and finance contexts are the most frequent domain for this sense.
常見錯誤
2. a downward slope on a road, railway, or path where the surface falls away toward
下坡
道路的向下斜坡
a downward slope on a road, railway, or path where the surface falls away toward a lower point.
The truck driver shifted to a lower gear before starting the steep downgrade.
貨車司機在駛入陡峭的下坡之前，先換到了較低的檔位。
collocation: steep downgrade
A warning sign at the top of the downgrade told drivers to check their brakes.
下坡頂端的一個警示標誌提醒駕駛人檢查煞車。
Kwabena's bicycle picked up speed rapidly as it rolled down the long downgrade.
Kwabena 的自行車溜下長長的下坡時，速度愈來愈快。
- upgrade
a rising slope on a road — the direct geographical opposite
文法句型
a downgrade + prepositional phrase
用法筆記
Much less common than the 'status reduction' senses. Often used in road-safety signage and driving manuals. The opposite is 'upgrade' (a rising slope).