foregoing
foregoing — 形容詞
- foregoingpositive
- more foregoingcomparative
- most foregoingsuperlative
1. used to point back to information or events that were introduced earlier in the
前述的
用以指稱前文已述及的事項
used to point back to information or events that were introduced earlier in the same text or speech
The foregoing analysis showed that mercury levels in Manila Bay had dropped sharply.
前述分析顯示，馬尼拉灣的汞含量已大幅下降。
attributive: the foregoing + N for formal cross-reference
Professor Bhatia's foregoing lecture covered the key causes of the French Revolution.
Bhatia 教授的前述講座涵蓋了法國大革命的關鍵成因。
Despite the foregoing arguments, the planning committee chose to delay the vote until September.
儘管有前述論點，規劃委員會仍決定將表決延至九月。
The report's foregoing sections described how avian flu spreads among chickens and turkeys.
報告的前述章節描述了禽流感如何在雞和火雞之間傳播。
Yuki read the foregoing chapters before she started writing her book review.
Yuki 在開始撰寫書評之前，先讀完了前述章節。
- aforementioned
even more formal than 'foregoing'; used almost exclusively in legal and official documents
- preceding
slightly less formal; can refer to things that come before in time or order, not just in a text
- above
common in business writing ('the above address'); more informal and spatial in feel
- following
refers to what comes next in the text rather than what came before
- subsequent
refers to events or sections that come after
文法句型
the foregoing + N
用法筆記
Attributive only — this word must come directly before a noun (e.g. 'the foregoing discussion'). It is rarely used in everyday speech; expect to encounter it mainly in academic papers, legal documents, and formal reports.
常見錯誤
foregoing — 名詞
1. the things that have just been mentioned; the content that came earlier in the s
上述內容
前面剛剛提到的內容或事項
the things that have just been mentioned; the content that came earlier in the same text or speech
The foregoing explains why Fatima decided to close her shop on Mondays.
上述內容說明了 Fatima 為何決定在每週一關店。
the foregoing as the subject of a clause
Oluwaseun read the foregoing and then added three points the report had missed.
Oluwaseun 讀完上述內容後，補充了三點報告遺漏的地方。
In light of the foregoing, the hospital board voted to merge with the city clinic on Tuesday.
基於上述內容，醫院董事會在週二表決通過了與市立診所的合併案。
Justice Moreno reviewed the foregoing before ruling in favour of the tenant who faced eviction.
Moreno 法官在作出有利於面臨驅逐的租戶的裁決之前，審閱了上述內容。
Kwame accepted the foregoing as accurate and signed the contract without further questions.
Kwame 認可上述內容無誤，便不再追問直接簽了合約。
- the above
less formal; common in business letters and emails
- the preceding
can refer to what came before in time or order, not only in a text
- the following
refers to what comes next rather than what came before
文法句型
the foregoing
用法筆記
Always takes 'the' — the form is 'the foregoing', never just 'foregoing'. Functions as a noun phrase that refers back to everything just stated. Distinguish from the adjective sense: here the word stands alone rather than modifying a following noun.