forfeit
/ˈfɔːfɪt/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈfɔːrfɪt/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈfȯr-fət/ (ame, mw) · /ˈfɔː.fɪt/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈfɔːr.fət/ (ame, ipa)
forfeit — 動詞
- forfeitpresent simple I / you / we / they
- forfeitshe / she / it
- forfeitedpast simple
- forfeiting-ing form
1. to have something taken away or to become no longer entitled to keep it, as a re
喪失；被剝奪
因違規或失職而失去權利或財產
to have something taken away or to become no longer entitled to keep it, as a result of breaking a rule, missing a payment, or failing to fulfill an obligation.
After Juan was caught cheating on the exam, he had to forfeit his scholarship.
Juan 被抓到考試作弊後，被迫喪失獎學金資格。
forfeit + right/privilege — direct object patterns
The tenant forfeited her deposit by moving out without giving any notice.
房客因未提前通知就搬走，押金因此被沒收。
forfeit + deposit — money as consequence
If you do not pay the fine, you will forfeit your right to appeal.
如果你不繳罰款，就會喪失上訴的權利。
The company forfeited its patent after failing to pay the renewal fee on time.
那家公司因未按時繳交續期費用而喪失專利權。
By signing the agreement, employees forfeit the right to sue their employer.
員工簽署協議後，即放棄控告雇主的權利。
- lose
more general; can happen by accident, whereas forfeit implies a penalty
- surrender
implies giving up willingly, not necessarily as a penalty
- relinquish
more formal, suggests letting go reluctantly or formally
文法句型
forfeit + noun phrase (right, deposit, privilege)
用法筆記
The direct object is usually something of value such as a right, privilege, deposit, or property. Frequently found in legal, financial, and rule-based contexts.
常見錯誤
2. to choose not to take part in a competition or to stop before it finishes, handi
棄權
放棄比賽或讓對手獲勝
to choose not to take part in a competition or to stop before it finishes, handing the win to the other competitor or team.
Sofia's basketball team forfeited the match because three of their best players had the flu.
Sofia 的籃球隊因為三名主力球員得了流感而放棄比賽。
forfeit + match — sports context
The boxer chose to forfeit in the sixth round after tearing a shoulder muscle.
那名拳擊手在第六回合因為左肩肌肉撕裂而選擇棄權。
Rather than forfeit the game, the high school sent its second-string players onto the field.
那所高中為了不棄權，派了二線球員上場。
The referee declared that the visiting team had forfeited by not arriving on time.
裁判宣布客隊因未按時抵達體育館而棄權。
文法句型
forfeit + match/game/race
forfeit (no object)
用法筆記
The subject can be a team, player, or competitor. Frequently used intransitively in sports reporting without a direct object.
常見錯誤
forfeit — 名詞
- forfeitsingular
- forfeitsplural
1. a sum of money, an item, or a privilege that someone must give up because they h
沒收物；罰款
因違規而被沒收的金錢或財物
a sum of money, an item, or a privilege that someone must give up because they have violated a rule or failed to meet an agreement.
The landlord kept the deposit as a forfeit after Andre moved out without cleaning up.
Andre 沒有打掃就搬走，房東因此沒收押金作為罰金。
as a forfeit — common prepositional phrase
Buyers who cancel must pay a forfeit equal to ten percent of the price.
取消交易的買家必須支付相當於售價一成的違約金。
pay a forfeit — verb + noun collocation
The court ordered the forfeit of the vehicle that was used in the drug deal.
法院下令沒收那輛用於毒品交易的車輛。
In the card game, the loser handed over a small item as a forfeit.
在牌局中，輸家交出一個小物品作為罰物。
文法句型
pay a forfeit
serve as a forfeit
as a forfeit
用法筆記
Common in legal and contractual contexts. Frequently paired with "pay a forfeit" or "as a forfeit."
常見錯誤
2. the process or act of losing a right, privilege, or property as a penalty for br
喪失；沒收
因違規而失去權利的行為
the process or act of losing a right, privilege, or property as a penalty for breaking a rule or failing to do something required.
The forfeit of his driving license meant that he could no longer drive to work.
駕照被吊銷意味著他不能再開車上班。
the forfeit of + [right/privilege] — noun phrase pattern
Failure to appear in court may lead to the forfeit of your bail money.
未出庭可能導致保釋金被沒收。
The contract explains the terms for the forfeit of shares if the owner goes bankrupt.
合約中說明了股東破產時股份被沒收的條款。
Jae-won accepted the forfeit of his deposit as a fair penalty for canceling late.
Jae-won 接受沒收訂金，認為這是對臨時取消的合理處罰。
- forfeiture
the standard legal term for this concept; more formal than forfeit
- confiscation
implies seizure by authority, not necessarily as a penalty for a rule broken
- loss
general term; does not carry the idea of penalty
- retention
the act of keeping something
文法句型
the forfeit of + noun
用法筆記
Typically preceded by "the" and followed by "of + noun." More formal than noun sense 1, and often appears in legal documents or official notices.
常見錯誤
3. an item, task, or token that a player gives up or performs when they lose a game
罰物；小懲罰
遊戲中輸家需繳出的物品或執行的任務
an item, task, or token that a player gives up or performs when they lose a game or make a mistake during play.
In the game, anyone who laughed had to pay a forfeit, like a silly song.
遊戲中，任何笑出來的人都得接受小懲罰，像是唱一首傻氣的歌。
pay a forfeit — game context, informal
Each player placed a coin in the bowl as a forfeit for every wrong answer.
每位玩家每答錯一題就在碗裡放一枚硬幣作為罰物。
as a forfeit + reason (for + noun phrase)
The children collected forfeits like small toys from those who lost the race.
孩子們從賽跑輸家那裡收集小玩具之類的罰物。
As a forfeit, Ingrid had to stand on one leg and recite a tongue twister.
Ingrid 的懲罰是單腳站立並念一段繞口令。
- penalty
broader term for any punishment; less specific to games
- consequence
neutral term for a result of an action
文法句型
pay a forfeit
as a forfeit
用法筆記
Common in informal party settings and children's games. The forfeit is often a silly task or a small object handed over.
常見錯誤
forfeit — 形容詞
- forfeitpositive
- more forfeitcomparative
- most forfeitsuperlative
1. taken by authority as a penalty when someone has done wrong or failed to meet an
被沒收的
作為懲罰而被奪走的
taken by authority as a penalty when someone has done wrong or failed to meet an obligation.
The customs officers seized the forfeited goods and handed them over to the state.
海關官員查扣了那些被沒收的貨物並上繳國庫。
forfeited + goods — past participle as adjective
The court ordered the forfeited assets to be sold at a public auction.
法院下令將被沒收的資產公開拍賣。
Any forfeited property must be returned if the owner successfully wins the appeal.
如果物主上訴成功，任何被沒收的財產都必須歸還。
The forfeited deposit was donated to a local charity after the deal fell through.
交易破局後，那筆被沒收的訂金被捐給了當地慈善機構。
- confiscated
more common in everyday language; seized by authority
- forfeited
more natural as a past participle; interchangeable with forfeit in most contexts
文法句型
forfeited + noun (goods, property, assets)
用法筆記
Formal register, almost always used before a noun. Common in legal documents, customs procedures, and official rulings. Not used in everyday conversation.