forfeiture
/ˈfɔːfɪtʃə(r)/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈfɔːrfɪtʃər/ (ame, ipa) · /ˈfȯr-fə-ˌchu̇r -chər, -ˌt(y)u̇r/ (ame, mw)
forfeiture — 名詞
- forfeituresingular
- forfeituresplural
1. the compulsory surrender of money, goods, or a legal right as punishment for bre
沒收；喪失
因違法或違約而失去財產或權利
the compulsory surrender of money, goods, or a legal right as punishment for breaking a law, contract, or obligation
The court ordered forfeiture of Omar's house after his conviction for fraud.
法院在Omar詐欺定罪後下令沒收他的房子。
forfeiture of + asset after criminal conviction
Chen faced forfeiture of his driving licence for repeated speeding offences.
Chen因多次超速違規而面臨喪失駕照。
The company's breach of contract led to forfeiture of its deposit.
該公司違約導致其押金被沒收。
Under the new law, wildlife poaching carries automatic forfeiture of equipment.
根據新法，盜獵野生動物將自動沒收相關設備。
Aiko's failure to pay the loan on time resulted in forfeiture of the collateral.
Aiko未能按時償還貸款，導致抵押品被沒收。
- confiscation
often done by authorities without a full court process; forfeiture is a formal legal penalty
- seizure
usually temporary taking; forfeiture implies permanent loss
- loss
broader term that does not imply a penalty or wrongdoing
- retention
keeping what one already has
- restoration
getting back what was taken or lost
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 2: this sense refers to the act or process of losing something, not the item itself. Almost always followed by 'of' to specify what is lost (forfeiture of assets, forfeiture of rights).
常見錯誤
2. an amount of money or a piece of property that someone must give up as punishmen
沒收物
因違規而被扣押的金錢或財產
an amount of money or a piece of property that someone must give up as punishment for breaking a rule or contract
The forfeiture included two cars, a boat, and £50,000 in cash.
沒收物包括兩輛汽車、一艘船和五萬英鎊現金。
forfeiture as countable: the specific items taken
Police seized the forfeiture — a collection of watches bought with stolen funds.
警方扣押了沒收物——一批用贓款購買的手錶。
The judge ruled that the forfeiture must be sold and the proceeds given to victims.
法官裁定沒收物必須出售，所得款項交給受害者。
Wei's forfeiture amounted to nearly half a million dollars after the trial.
Wei的沒收物在審判後總計接近五十萬美元。
The agency keeps all forfeitures from drug cases to fund further investigations.
該機構保留毒品案件中的所有沒收物，用來資助進一步調查。
- penalty
broader term covering fines, imprisonment, and other punishments
- confiscated property
less formal; emphasises the taking rather than the legal status
- seized assets
focuses on the act of taking possession by authorities
用法筆記
Distinguish from sense 1: this sense refers to the actual money or property taken, not the process of surrendering it. Can be used as a countable noun with the plural 'forfeitures' when referring to items from multiple cases.