mantle
mantle — 名詞
- mantlesingular
- mantlesplural
1. the duties and authority belonging to an important role, particularly when they
重責；衣缽
重要職位傳下的責任與權力
the duties and authority belonging to an important role, particularly when they are handed down by a predecessor to their successor
Karim took on the mantle of team leader after their manager retired last year.
Karim 在主管退休後接下團隊領袖的重責。
collocation: take on the mantle
When the old director retired, she passed the mantle to her trusted assistant.
老主任退休時，她把衣缽傳給了信任的助手。
collocation: pass the mantle
The new mayor accepted the mantle of representing the city's poorest communities.
新市長接受了代表城市最貧困社區的重責。
The young princess was not ready for the heavy mantle her father's death left her.
年輕的公主對父親過世後留給她的沉重責任毫無準備。
- responsibility
broader term; mantle adds the idea of tradition and succession
- role
describes the function rather than the duties passed on
- burden
negative connotation of weight; mantle can be positive or neutral
文法句型
the mantle of [role/position]
take on the mantle
assume the mantle
pass the mantle
用法筆記
Frequently paired with verbs like 'take on', 'assume', 'accept' or 'pass'. The image is of a ceremonial cloak handed from one person to the next, so the sense always implies a transfer of responsibility.
常見錯誤
2. a layer of a substance such as snow, fog, dust, or smoke that lies over and cove
覆蓋層
覆蓋在表面上的層狀物
a layer of a substance such as snow, fog, dust, or smoke that lies over and covers the surface of something
A thick mantle of fog covered the valley, hiding the village below.
厚厚一層霧籠罩了山谷，遮住了底下的村莊。
pattern: a mantle of [substance]
Snow lay in a white mantle across the fields around Tamar's farmhouse.
白雪像一層白色披覆鋪在 Tamar 農舍周圍的田野上。
The old car sat under a heavy mantle of dust in the abandoned garage.
那輛舊車停在廢棄車庫裡，上面積了厚厚一層灰。
By morning a crystal mantle of frost had formed on every window of the cabin.
到了早上，小屋的每扇窗戶都結了一層晶瑩的霜。
文法句型
a mantle of [substance]
用法筆記
Typically found in descriptive or literary writing. The substance named after 'of' is almost always a natural element: snow, fog, mist, frost, dust, smoke, or ash.
3. the thick layer of hot, solid rock that lies between a planet's outer crust and
地幔
地殼與地核之間的岩層
the thick layer of hot, solid rock that lies between a planet's outer crust and its central core, especially that of the Earth
Earthquakes happen when energy stored deep in the Earth's mantle is suddenly released.
地震發生時，儲存在地球地函深處的能量突然釋放出來。
domain: geology
Scientists study the Earth's mantle by examining rocks pushed up from volcanoes.
科學家透過研究火山噴出的岩石來了解地球的地函。
The Earth's mantle is about three thousand kilometres thick, far thicker than the crust.
地球的地函約三千公里厚，遠比地殼厚。
Devika's research project looks at how heat travels through the mantle under the Pacific Ocean.
Devika 的研究計畫探討熱量如何在太平洋底下的地函中傳遞。
文法句型
the [planet]'s mantle
the mantle of [planet]
用法筆記
In general contexts the definite article is used: 'the mantle'. When referring to other planets, the possessive form is common: 'Mars's mantle'. The mantle is distinct from both the crust (the thin outer layer) and the core (the centre).
常見錯誤
4. a sleeveless outer wrap placed over regular clothing in earlier centuries, used
披風
無袖寬鬆外衣，舊時穿著
a sleeveless outer wrap placed over regular clothing in earlier centuries, used for warmth, ceremony, or protection
In the painting the king wears a purple mantle decorated with gold thread.
畫中的國王身穿一件綴有金線的紫色披風。
historical clothing term
Medieval travelers often carried a thick wool mantle to protect themselves from rain and wind.
中世紀的旅人常常帶著一件厚羊毛披風來擋風遮雨。
Bao wore a simple brown mantle tied with a rope belt in the school play.
Bao 在學校話劇中穿了一件用繩子繫住的簡單棕色披風。
The queen's ceremonial mantle was made of red velvet and lined with white fur.
女王的禮儀披風由紅色天鵝絨製成，內襯白色毛皮。
用法筆記
A historical garment; modern equivalents are 'cape' or 'wrap'. Do not confuse with 'mantel' (the shelf above a fireplace), which is a different word despite the similar spelling.
常見錯誤
5. a flat shelf built above a fireplace opening, used for holding decorative items
壁爐架
壁爐上方的擱板
a flat shelf built above a fireplace opening, used for holding decorative items such as clocks, vases, or photographs
Diego placed two tall candles on the wooden mantle above the fireplace.
Diego 在壁爐上方的木架上放了兩根長蠟燭。
also spelled 'mantel'
A row of framed family photographs stood on the stone mantle in the living room.
一排裱框的家庭照片擺在客廳的石製壁爐架上。
The clock on the mantle chimed twelve times, announcing the start of the new year.
壁爐架上的鐘敲了十二響，宣告新年的到來。
Reema dusted the mantle carefully, moving each little ornament aside and back.
Reema 小心翼翼地擦拭壁爐架，一件件拿起裝飾品再放回去。
- mantelpiece
the more common full form, especially in British English
- mantelshelf
less common alternative term
用法筆記
Also commonly spelled 'mantel' (especially in American English). Both spellings are pronounced identically. The full compound noun 'mantelpiece' or 'mantlepiece' is more frequent in everyday conversation.
常見錯誤
6. a small mesh hood attached to a gas or oil lamp that produces a bright white glo
燈罩
煤氣燈的發光罩
a small mesh hood attached to a gas or oil lamp that produces a bright white glow when heated by the flame
The old gas street lamps had a fragile mantle that gave a warm glow.
舊的煤氣街燈有一個脆弱的燈罩，散發溫暖的光芒。
technical: gas lamp component
When the mantle of the camping lantern broke, the light became much dimmer than before.
露營燈的燈罩破裂後，燈光變得比以前昏暗許多。
Marco replaced the cracked mantle on his gas lamp before the week-long hiking trip.
Marco 在為期一週的健行之旅前更換了煤氣燈上破裂的燈罩。
The museum displays antique gas lamps with their original silk mantles still in place.
博物館展示的古董煤氣燈仍保留著原有的絲質燈罩。
- gas mantle
the full term; 'mantle' alone is understood in context
用法筆記
A specialised term most often encountered in camping equipment catalogues, historical descriptions of street lighting, or museum contexts. The mantle is usually made of fabric impregnated with chemicals that glow white-hot.
mantle — 動詞
- mantlepresent simple I / you / we / they
- mantles3rd person singular
- mantling-ing form
- mantledpast simple
1. to wrap, cover, or hide something completely, as though placing a cloak over it
籠罩；覆蓋
如披風般遮蓋覆蓋
to wrap, cover, or hide something completely, as though placing a cloak over it
Early morning mist mantled the rooftops of the sleeping town.
清晨的薄霧籠罩了沉睡小鎮的屋頂。
literary register: transitive
A thin layer of ash mantled the garden after the volcano erupted several miles away.
火山在幾英里外爆發後，薄薄一層灰覆蓋了花園。
Dark clouds mantled the mountain peaks, hiding them completely from view.
烏雲籠罩了山頂，將山峰完全遮住。
The first winter snow mantled the hills in a clean blanket of white.
冬季的第一場雪為山丘披上了一層潔白的覆蓋。
- uncover
to remove a covering; opposite in meaning
文法句型
mantle + noun phrase
用法筆記
A literary or formal word. Almost always used in written rather than spoken English. The subject is typically a natural phenomenon (mist, snow, darkness, ash). An object is required — this sense is transitive.
常見錯誤
2. to spread gradually across the surface of something, or to become covered by a l
蔓延；擴散
在表面逐漸擴散開來
to spread gradually across the surface of something, or to become covered by a layer that spreads
A deep silence mantled over the crowd after the shocking announcement.
令人震驚的宣布之後，一片沉寂在人群中蔓延開來。
intransitive: mantle + over
Red and orange leaves mantled across the surface of the pond as autumn arrived.
秋天來臨時，紅橙色的葉子在池塘表面蔓延開來。
Green moss mantled over the old stone wall at the back of the garden.
青苔沿著後院舊石牆的表面蔓延開來。
As evening fell, deep darkness mantled across the forest paths one by one.
夜幕降臨時，濃重的黑暗一條一條地蔓延過森林小徑。
文法句型
mantle over [surface]
mantle across [surface]
用法筆記
This intransitive sense describes the spreading process itself, without a direct object. Often followed by 'over' or 'across'. Subjects are typically abstract or natural: silence, darkness, leaves, moss.