refuse
/rɪˈfjuːz/ (bre, ipa) · /rɪˈfjuːz/ (ame, ipa) · /ri-ˈfyüz/ (ame, mw) · /ˈrefjuːs/ (bre, ipa) · /ˈrefjuːs/ (ame, ipa)
refuse — 動詞
- refusepresent simple I / you / we / they
- refuseshe / she / it
- refusedpast simple
- refusing-ing form
1. to make it known, by words or actions, that you are unwilling to do, accept, or
拒絕
表示不願做或接受某事
to make it known, by words or actions, that you are unwilling to do, accept, or allow something.
Ravindra refused to sign the contract until his lawyer had reviewed every clause.
Ravindra 拒絕簽約，直到他的律師仔細審閱了每一條款。
refuse + to-infinitive for unwillingness to act
The bank refused their request for a larger loan.
銀行拒絕了他們申請更大額度貸款的要求。
refuse + noun phrase (request) for denying permission
When offered a seat on the board, Sari politely refused because of her other commitments.
當被邀請加入董事會時，Sari 因其他事務在身而禮貌地婉拒了。
The nightclub refused entry to a group of men who were not wearing proper shoes.
這家夜店拒絕讓一群沒穿合適鞋子的人入場。
My old car refused to start on the morning of the road trip.
我的舊車在公路旅行的早上突然發不動了。
- decline
more polite and gentle; often used for invitations or offers (decline an invitation sounds softer than refuse an invitation)
- reject
stronger and more final; often implies dismissing something as unsuitable (reject a proposal suggests a firm dismissal)
- turn down
informal equivalent; common in everyday speech (turn down a job offer)
文法句型
refuse + to-infinitive
refuse + noun phrase
refuse (intransitive)
refuse + noun phrase + to + person
用法筆記
Frequently used with a to-infinitive (refuse to do something) or a direct object (refuse an offer). Inanimate subjects are also common for describing machines that fail to function (The engine refused to turn over). For denying permission to a person, the pattern is refuse + noun phrase + to + person (refuse entry to a guest).
常見錯誤
refuse — 名詞
1. unwanted materials or objects that people throw away, especially from homes, fac
廢棄物；垃圾
正式用語，指廢棄不要的雜物
unwanted materials or objects that people throw away, especially from homes, factories, or other buildings — for instance, leftover food, broken furniture, or packaging that has been discarded.
The city council introduced new rules for collecting household refuse every Tuesday morning.
市議會推出了新的規定，每週二早上收集家庭廢棄物。
household refuse — waste from homes
The factory was fined for dumping industrial refuse into the nearby river.
這家工廠因將工業廢棄物傾倒至附近的河流而被罰款。
industrial refuse — waste from factories
Each morning the cook carried the kitchen refuse out to the large dumpster behind the hotel.
每天早上，廚師都會把廚房廢棄物拿到飯店後面的大型垃圾箱。
Local residents complained when the council failed to collect the household refuse for three weeks.
當地居民抱怨市政府連續三週沒有來收集家庭廢棄物。
用法筆記
More formal than everyday words like rubbish (UK) or trash/garbage (US). Commonly found in official contexts such as government documents, environmental reports, and waste-management announcements. Cannot be used in the plural; use 'refuse' as an uncountable noun.
常見錯誤
refuse — 形容詞
- refusepositive
- more refusecomparative
- most refusesuperlative
1. describing things that have been thrown away because they are no longer wanted o
廢棄的
指已丟棄不再有用的物品
describing things that have been thrown away because they are no longer wanted or useful.
Workers sorted the refuse materials into metal, plastic, and wood for recycling.
工人將廢棄材料分類為金屬、塑膠和木材以便回收。
refuse materials — sorting for recycling
The refuse heap behind the factory grew larger each week.
工廠後方的廢棄物堆每週越長越大。
refuse heap — natural attributive collocation with refuse
The recycling centre separates refuse metals from other waste materials using large magnets.
回收中心利用大型磁鐵將廢棄金屬與其他廢料分開。
Refuse wood from the demolition site was ground into wood chips for garden paths.
拆除現場的廢棄木材被磨成木屑，用於花園小徑。
用法筆記
Used only before a noun (attributive position). Rare in everyday conversation; appears more often in written or technical descriptions of waste management, recycling, or artistic reuse. Do not use in the comparative form (no 'more refuse').