serine
serine — 名詞
1. a type of nonessential amino acid that forms a building block inside larger prot
胺基酸殘基
蛋白質中的胺基酸結構單位
a type of nonessential amino acid that forms a building block inside larger protein molecules — for example, in the structure of silk, where serine was first identified as a repeating residue.
Eitan's lab tests showed that swapping one serine residue stops the enzyme from folding correctly.
Eitan 的實驗室測試顯示，交換一個絲胺酸殘基就能阻止酵素正確摺疊。
collocation: serine residue — for an amino acid embedded in a protein
The silk protein contains many serine molecules linked together in a chain.
絲蛋白含有多個絲胺酸分子串聯在一起形成鏈狀結構。
Dr. Jin discovered a mutation that replaces serine with alanine in the protein.
Jin 博士發現一個突變會將蛋白質中的絲胺酸取代為丙胺酸。
Serine at position 45 forms hydrogen bonds that hold the active site in its correct shape.
位於第 45 個位置的絲胺酸會形成氫鍵，將活性位點維持在正確的形狀。
Ada watched the structure bend when serine replaced another amino acid in the chain.
Ada 觀察到當絲胺酸取代鏈中的另一個胺基酸時，結構就會彎曲。
- amino acid residue
a more general term; every serine in a protein is an amino acid residue
- building block
informal way to refer to the role of serine in protein construction
用法筆記
Common in biochemistry and molecular biology when describing where an amino acid appears within a folded protein. Distinguished from sense 2, which focuses on serine's metabolic role as a precursor of glycine.
常見錯誤
2. an amino acid the human body can produce on its own, which it then turns into ot
代謝前驅物
可轉化為甘胺酸的物質
an amino acid the human body can produce on its own, which it then turns into other substances such as glycine — a compound required for creating DNA and forming bile.
Noor's body uses serine to create glycine for healthy liver function.
Noor 的身體利用絲胺酸來製造甘胺酸，以維持肝臟的健康功能。
uses [X] to create [Y] — describing a precursor-to-product relationship
A single enzyme in the liver turns serine into glycine for building new DNA.
肝臟中的一種酵素將絲胺酸轉化為甘胺酸，用於建構新的 DNA。
Felipe learned that serine is a key source of glycine for the brain cells.
Felipe 學到絲胺酸是大腦細胞所需甘胺酸的重要代謝前驅物。
Without enough serine, liver cells cannot make the glycine needed for digesting fats.
缺乏絲胺酸時，肝細胞無法製造消化脂肪所需的甘胺酸。
Tanvi's lab studies how serine feeds into the glycine production pathway.
Tanvi 的實驗室研究絲胺酸如何進入甘胺酸的生產途徑。
- metabolic precursor
emphasises that serine feeds into a biochemical pathway
- glycine source
specifically names what serine is converted into
用法筆記
Common in physiology and metabolic biochemistry when discussing how the body obtains glycine. Distinguished from sense 1, which treats serine as a static component of protein structures.