stand-down
/ˈstan(d)-ˌdau̇n/ (ame, mw)
stand-down — 片語動詞
- stand-downbase form
- stand-downs3rd person singular
- stand-downing-ing form
- stand-downedpast simple
1. to leave an official job or a position of authority, especially so that someone
辭職；卸任
自願離開正式職位或領導角色
to leave an official job or a position of authority, especially so that someone else can take over
After fifteen years as managing director, Mrs. Chen stood down from the board.
擔任總經理十五年後，陳太太從董事會卸任了。
stand down + from + noun phrase (organisational role)
The party leader refused to stand down despite pressure from her own members.
那位黨魁拒絕辭職，儘管黨內成員施壓不斷。
Dr. Okafor decided to stand down as head of the hospital's emergency department.
Okafor 醫生決定辭去醫院急診部主任的職務。
Fatima stood down from the committee after a disagreement about funding.
Fatima 因經費問題有意見分歧，因而辭去了委員會的職務。
The mayor announced she would stand down at the end of her term in office.
市長宣布她將在任期屆滿時卸任。
- take office
to begin a job or position, the opposite of leaving one
- stay on
to remain in a position instead of leaving
文法句型
stand down + from + job/role
stand down + as + position
用法筆記
Commonly used with 'from' (stand down from a post) or 'as' (stand down as chair). Frequently appears in news reports about political resignations.
常見錯誤
stand-down — 名詞
1. a short period during which soldiers or military units stop all combat or prepar
休整期
軍隊暫停作戰行動的休息時段
a short period during which soldiers or military units stop all combat or preparation for combat and take time to rest or repair equipment
The general ordered a two-day stand-down so the troops could rest and eat warm meals.
將軍下令休整兩天，讓部隊可以休息並吃上熱騰騰的飯菜。
order + a + stand-down
After six weeks of constant patrols, the base was given a stand-down for maintenance work.
經過連續六週的巡邏後，基地獲得休整期進行維修工作。
give + a + stand-down (passive)
During the stand-down, soldiers repaired their vehicles and wrote letters home to their families.
在休整期間，士兵們修理車輛並寫信回家給家人。
The commander called a safety stand-down after two soldiers were injured in an accident.
兩名士兵在意外中受傷後，指揮官下令進行安全休整。
- rest period
broader and less formal; not limited to military contexts
- break
much more general; lacks the military or organisational tone of 'stand-down'
- halt
emphasises the stopping of activity more than the rest that follows
- alert
a state of readiness for action or combat, opposite of a relaxation of readiness
文法句型
a + stand-down
call a stand-down
order a stand-down
用法筆記
Typically preceded by 'a' or 'the'. Often used with verbs like 'order', 'call', 'declare', or 'give'. Can be modified by a purpose (safety stand-down, maintenance stand-down).
常見錯誤
stand-down — 動詞
- stand-downpresent simple I / you / we / they
- stand-downs3rd person singular
- stand-downing-ing form
- stand-downedpast simple
1. to step away from the raised chair in a courtroom after giving your spoken evide
離開證人席
在法庭作證後退下證人台
to step away from the raised chair in a courtroom after giving your spoken evidence during a trial
After answering the last question from the defence lawyer, the witness stood down.
回答完辯護律師的最後一個問題後，證人離開了證人席。
stand down after giving evidence
The judge nodded and told Mr. Hassan he could stand down and return to his seat.
法官點點頭，告訴 Hassan 先生他可以離開證人席回到座位上。
told + [person] + could stand down
Once the cross-examination finished, Beatrice was allowed to stand down from the witness box.
交互詰問結束後，Beatrice 獲准離開證人席。
The court clerk directed the nervous woman to stand down after she gave her testimony.
法院書記官指示那位緊張的女士在作證後離開證人席。
- step down
used in legal contexts similarly, though less common; more general than this narrow courtroom sense
- leave the stand
a descriptive phrase rather than a direct synonym
文法句型
stand down + from + the witness stand
用法筆記
Almost exclusively used in legal contexts. The 'witness stand' is called 'witness box' in British English. This sense is chiefly British legal terminology and is rare in everyday speech.
常見錯誤
2. to remove yourself from a competition, a leadership role, or a state of being re
退出；解除
退出比賽、職位或解除警戒狀態
to remove yourself from a competition, a leadership role, or a state of being ready for action — for example, pulling out of an election race or ending an alert
Kenji stood down from the election race after a family health emergency came up.
Kenji 因家人突發健康緊急狀況而退出了選舉。
stand down + from + contest (election)
The general ordered the troops to stand down when the storm passed without damage.
暴風雨順利通過未造成損害後，將軍命令部隊解除警戒狀態。
stand down from alert/readiness
Linnea decided to stand down as chairperson and let a younger member take the role.
Linnea 決定辭去主席一職，讓較年輕的成員接任。
The marathon runner stood down from the race after twisting his ankle during warm-up.
那位馬拉松跑者在熱身時扭傷了腳踝，因而退出了比賽。
Amara stood down from the project leadership when her company was sold to a competitor.
Amara 的公司被競爭對手收購後，她退出了專案領導職位。
- enter
to join a contest or take on a role
- go on alert
to prepare for possible action, the opposite of ending a state of readiness
文法句型
stand down + from + contest/position/alert
用法筆記
Overlaps with the phrasal verb sense (resign position) but is broader — covers contests, alerts, and readiness states, not just jobs. Distinguish from sense 'LEAVE WITNESS STAND' (courtroom only) and 'OFF DUTY' (shift work).
常見錯誤
3. to finish your period of work and leave your post, or to be told by a person in
下班；撤離
結束值班工作或奉命停止執勤
to finish your period of work and leave your post, or to be told by a person in charge that you can stop working for the day or for a particular task
The night-shift nurses stood down when the morning team arrived at the hospital.
醫院裡，大夜班的護理師在早班人員抵達時間下班了。
intransitive: stand down at shift change
The fire chief stood the crew down after the blaze was fully brought under control.
火勢完全受控後，消防隊長下令隊員們停止執勤。
transitive: stand [someone] down
Theo stood down from his security post at midnight and walked home in the rain.
Theo 在午夜時分從警衛崗位下班，冒雨走回家。
All non-essential staff were stood down for the afternoon while repairs took place.
所有非必要人員下午都被要求暫停工作，讓維修作業順利進行。
The police commander stood down the search team when no trace of the missing hiker was found by sunset.
日落時仍未發現失蹤登山客的蹤跡，警方指揮官便解散了搜救隊。
- go off duty
equivalent in meaning but slightly more explicit; common in shift-work contexts
- finish work
more general; doesn't carry the organisational or hierarchical tone
- clock out
informal; focuses on the act of recording your work hours
- come on duty
to start a shift or work period
- report for duty
to arrive at work ready to begin
文法句型
stand down (intransitive)
be stood down (passive)
stand someone down (transitive)
用法筆記
This is the only sense that can be used transitively (stand someone down). The passive form (was stood down) is very common, especially in emergency service and military contexts. Distinguish from 'WITHDRAW FROM CONTEST' which is always intransitive.