survive

IPA/səˈvaɪv/
KK[sɚvˈaɪv]IPA/sərˈvaɪv/

survive — 動詞

  • survivepresent simple I / you / we / they
  • surviveshe / she / it
  • survivedpast simple
  • surviving-ing form

1. To keep living or stay in existence after going through a dangerous or difficult

1.動詞及物 / 不及物B1
釋義

存活；倖存

在危險或困難後繼續活著

To keep living or stay in existence after going through a dangerous or difficult event, such as a serious illness, an accident, a war, or a time without enough food or money.

例句

Tariq survived the earthquake because he managed to run out of his apartment building before it fell.

Tariq 在地震中倖存下來，因為他在公寓倒塌前及時跑了出來。

survive + noun phrase (the threat)

After losing his job, João managed to survive on his savings for about five months.

失去工作後，João 靠自己的積蓄勉強撐了約五個月。

survive on + noun phrase (resources)

常見搭配
  • survive a crash
  • survive an illness
  • survive an attack
  • survive the winter
  • survive on little money
  • survive on food aid
  • survive against the odds
同義詞
  • weather

    Suggests getting through a storm or crisis with some difficulty; slightly less formal and more metaphorical

  • endure

    Emphasises suffering or hardship over a long period rather than narrowly escaping death

  • make it through

    Informal phrasal expression, used in everyday conversation

反義詞
  • perish

    Formal or literary; means to die or be completely destroyed

  • die

    The direct opposite in most everyday contexts

文法句型

survive + noun phrase (the threat or event)

survive on + noun phrase (what sustains life)

survive (no object)

用法筆記

The threat or difficulty is usually placed directly after the verb without a preposition (survive the winter, survive a heart attack). To indicate the resources that keep someone alive, use the pattern 'survive on + noun' (survive on a small income).

常見錯誤

The old building survived from the earthquake.
The old building survived the earthquake.
'survive' is transitive here and does not need a preposition before the threat.
Sara survived of the accident.
Sara survived the accident.
'survive' is never followed by 'of'.

2. To stay alive after another person, especially a close family member, has passed

2.動詞及物B2
釋義

比…活得久

在他人去世後仍活著

To stay alive after another person, especially a close family member, has passed away, often used when discussing how much longer someone lived.

例句

Christopher's mother survived his father by more than twelve years.

Christopher 的母親比他父親多活了十二年以上。

survive + person + by + time period

According to the family records, Esteban survived all three of his older brothers.

根據家族記錄，Esteban 比他的三位兄長都活得久。

survive + person (family member)

常見搭配
  • survive one's spouse
  • survive one's children
  • survive someone by several years
同義詞
  • outlive

    Less formal and more neutral in emotion; the most common alternative

  • outlast

    Can be used for both people and objects; focuses on continuing existence rather than emotional loss

反義詞
  • predecease

    Formal term meaning to die before someone else; the direct opposite in structure

文法句型

survive + noun phrase (a person)

survive + noun phrase + by + time period

用法筆記

More common in formal or written contexts than in casual conversation. The person who is survived may be of any age, though the sense typically highlights a situation in which a normally expected order (older person outliving younger) is reversed or noteworthy.

常見錯誤

She survived her husband for 20 years.
She survived her husband by 20 years.
Use 'by' (not 'for') to state the length of time one person outlives another.

同根字

常見搭配

名詞搭配

副詞搭配

  • narrowly survive
  • barely survive
  • miraculously survive
  • somehow survive

常用片語

  • survive against all odds
  • survive by the skin of one's teeth
  • survive on a shoestring budget

介系詞搭配

  • survive as (a species)
  • survive into (old age)
  • survive through (the winter)