syncope
/ˈsɪŋkəpi/ (bre, ipa) · [sˈɪnkəpˌi] /ˈsɪŋkəpi/ (ame, ipa) · [sˈɪnkəpˌi] /ˈsiŋ-kə-(ˌ)pē How to pronounce syncope (audio) ˈsin-/ (ame, mw)
syncope — 名詞
1. a sudden, temporary collapse caused by reduced blood reaching the brain, during
昏厥
因腦部血流不足而短暫失去意識
a sudden, temporary collapse caused by reduced blood reaching the brain, during which the person blacks out briefly
Tanvi collapsed from syncope during the morning assembly and woke up seconds later.
Tanvi 在晨會期間因昏厥倒下，幾秒後才醒來。
syncope episode: collapsing and waking within seconds
The doctor told Ilan that his syncope was caused by a sudden drop in blood pressure.
醫生告訴 Ilan，他的昏厥是血壓突然下降引起的。
followed by that-clause for explaining the cause
Mayumi has learned to recognise the early warning signs of an approaching syncope.
Mayumi 已經學會辨識昏厥來臨前的早期警訊。
After the syncope, Otis lay on the kitchen floor wondering what had happened.
昏厥過後，Otis 躺在廚房地上，納悶剛剛發生了什麼事。
Selim's cardiologist ran several tests to find the underlying cause of his syncope.
Selim 的心臟科醫師進行了多項檢查，以找出他昏厥的根本原因。
- fainting
everyday term; less formal than syncope
- blackout
informal; can also mean memory loss from alcohol
- collapse
broader term that can include non-medical causes
- passing out
informal phrasal verb; common in everyday speech
用法筆記
Countable when referring to individual episodes: "He had three syncopes last month."
常見錯誤
2. a process in spoken language where sounds or letters vanish from inside a word,
詞中省音
詞語中間音節脫落的語音現象
a process in spoken language where sounds or letters vanish from inside a word, shortening how it is said — for instance, 'chocolate' said as 'choc'late'
In her linguistics essay, Tanvi analysed syncope in words like 'chocolate' becoming 'choc'late'.
Tanvi 在語言學論文中分析了詞中省音現象，例如 'chocolate' 變成 'choc'late'。
syncope in specific words: sound drops from the middle
The phonetics lecturer showed how syncope shortens 'family' to 'fam'ly' in casual speech.
語音學講師展示了詞中省音如何讓隨性口語中的 'family' 縮短為 'fam'ly'。
syncope in casual speech: shortens common words
Mayumi noticed that syncope explains why many people say 'ev'ry' instead of 'every'.
Mayumi 注意到詞中省音可以解釋為何很多人說 'ev'ry' 而非 'every'。
Otis wrote his dissertation on syncope patterns in medieval English manuscripts.
Otis 的博士論文研究的是中古英語手稿中的詞中省音模式。
Professor Okonkwo wrote 'vegetable' on the board and pointed to the syncope in 'veg'table'.
Okonkwo 教授在白板上寫下「vegetable」，並指出「veg'table」中的詞中省音。
- elision
broader term covering any omission of a sound or syllable
- contraction
deliberate shortening in writing (e.g. 'don't'); syncope is about spoken pronunciation
- haplology
a specific type of syncope where a repeated syllable is dropped
用法筆記
Used almost exclusively in academic writing on phonology and historical linguistics.