v.
/viː/ (bre, ipa) · [vˈi] /viː/ (ame, ipa) · [vˈi] /ˈvē How to pronounce v (audio)/ (ame, mw)
v. — 介系詞
1. written between the names of two opposing sides in a legal case to show who is b
訴
案件名稱中連接原被告
written between the names of two opposing sides in a legal case to show who is bringing the case against whom.
The judge called Smith v. Chen first on the crowded court list.
法官先叫到 Smith 訴 Chen 這件案子，因為庭期表排得很滿。
legal case name written with v. between two parties
A notice outside Room 4 said Patel v. City Council begins at ten.
四號法庭外的公告寫著：Patel 訴市議會一案十點開始。
Mira searched online for Brown v. Clark before the class discussion.
Mira 在課堂討論前先上網查了 Brown 訴 Clark 一案。
The reporter summarized Lee v. Harbor Bank during the evening news.
那位記者在晚間新聞裡摘要說明了 Lee 訴 Harbor Bank 一案。
文法句型
[party] v. [party]
用法筆記
In American legal writing, 'v.' is the usual shortened form between the parties' names. British case names more often use 'v' without a period.
常見錯誤
2. written between the names of teams or players in order to mark a game or contest
對戰
賽程中標示比賽雙方
written between the names of teams or players in order to mark a game or contest between them.
Tonight's poster says Lions v. Tigers under the stadium lights.
今晚的海報寫著 Lions 對 Tigers，場地就在燈光球場。
fixture format for a sports matchup
Karim bought tickets for Osaka v. Seoul in the badminton final.
Karim 買了大阪對首爾的羽球決賽門票。
The website listed Bao v. Vikram for the first chess round.
網站列出第一輪西洋棋賽程：Bao 對 Vikram。
A chalkboard near the gym announced East Hall v. West Hall tomorrow.
體育館旁的黑板宣布明天是 East Hall 對 West Hall。
文法句型
[team] v. [team]
[player] v. [player]
用法筆記
This written style is common on scoreboards, posters, and fixtures. In speech, people usually say the full word 'versus'.
常見錯誤
3. placed between two choices, products, or ideas when a heading or chart sets them
對比
標題或圖表中並列比較
placed between two choices, products, or ideas when a heading or chart sets them against each other for comparison.
Our debate board read paper books v. e-books in thick blue marker.
我們的辯論板上用粗藍筆寫著「紙本書對比電子書」。
comparison heading joining two options
Christopher opened a file called train travel v. budget airlines.
Christopher 打開一個名為「火車旅行對比廉價航空」的檔案。
The teacher assigned city life v. farm life for Friday's essay.
老師指定的作文題目是「城市生活對比農村生活」。
A review compared tea v. coffee for students during exam week.
一篇評論替考生比較了茶和咖啡的差別。
文法句型
[idea] v. [idea]
[product] v. [product]
用法筆記
Most natural in titles, charts, menus, and comparison columns. In normal running prose, writers often prefer 'versus' or 'compared with'.
常見錯誤
v. — 縮寫
1. the short written form of 'versus', used when a heading, label, or formal naming
對比縮寫
versus 的書面縮寫
the short written form of 'versus', used when a heading, label, or formal naming style prefers an abbreviation.
The archive box was labeled Rivera v. Gomez, appeal papers.
檔案盒的標籤寫著 Rivera v. Gomez，上面裝的是上訴文件。
treating v. as the written abbreviation itself
A program cover announced Parents v. Teachers before dinner began.
節目封面宣告晚餐前有一場「家長 v. 老師」辯論。
On the whiteboard, Daniel wrote fact v. opinion for today's lesson.
Daniel 在白板上寫下 fact v. opinion，作為今天的課程主題。
The court clerk filed Ortega v. Singh under civil appeals.
法院書記官把 Ortega v. Singh 歸進民事上訴類。
- versus
the full form, usually said aloud instead of the abbreviation
文法句型
v. between two names
v. in headings
用法筆記
This sense talks about the form itself as an abbreviation. The preposition senses explain the different jobs it does once it sits between two sides in real text.
2. a short written form of 'very', used in notes, word lists, or older comments to
非常縮寫
very 的簡寫
a short written form of 'very', used in notes, word lists, or older comments to save space.
Bao circled the answer and added v. important in the margin.
Bao 把答案圈起來，並在頁邊補上「v. important」。
v. before an adjective in a written note
An editor marked one paragraph v. good but too long.
編輯在一段旁邊標註「v. good，但太長」。
Hoa wrote v. cold beside Saturday on the camping list.
Hoa 在露營清單的星期六旁寫了「v. cold」。
The card described the soup as v. spicy for young children.
那張卡片把這道湯描述成「v. spicy」，對小孩來說太辣。
- very
the full word used in normal speech and writing
文法句型
v. + adjective
用法筆記
Seen mainly in private notes, study labels, and some older printed material. In ordinary sentences, writers use the full word 'very'.
常見錯誤
3. a short reference form of 'vide', telling the reader to look at another page or
參見縮寫
vide 的參照縮寫
a short reference form of 'vide', telling the reader to look at another page or entry for more information.
The catalog card said v. appendix A for the full recipe.
目錄卡寫著 v. appendix A，表示完整食譜在附錄 A。
reference note pointing the reader elsewhere
Under the old map title, a note read v. plate twelve.
舊地圖標題下方有一則註記寫著 v. plate twelve。
The footnote ended with v. chapter nine in the printed handbook.
那則腳註以 v. chapter nine 作結，要讀者翻看手冊第九章。
Mira found v. entry 43 beside the plant name.
Mira 在植物名稱旁看見了 v. entry 43。
- see
the plain modern reference word used in most current writing
文法句型
v. + page
v. + entry
用法筆記
This is a formal or old-fashioned reference mark, especially in catalogs, scholarly notes, and indexes. Modern everyday writing usually replaces it with the full word 'see'.
常見錯誤
v. — 名詞
1. the written symbol 'v.' used in grammar lists and dictionaries to stand for the
動詞縮寫
文法標示中代表 verb
the written symbol 'v.' used in grammar lists and dictionaries to stand for the word 'verb'.
In the grammar chart, v. marked verbs that need an object.
在那張文法表裡，v. 用來標記需要受詞的動詞。
label in a grammar chart
The appendix uses v. before examples of active and passive forms.
附錄會在主動和被動語態例句前加上 v.。
Our teacher wrote v. next to sing, jump, and laugh.
老師在 sing、jump 和 laugh 旁邊都寫了 v.。
Sivan checked the glossary where v. means verb.
Sivan 查了詞彙表，看到 v. 代表 verb。
- verb
the full word that the label stands for
文法句型
v. = verb
v. before a listed word
用法筆記
Mostly seen in grammar books, word lists, and dictionary tables. In ordinary sentences, writers usually say or write the full word 'verb'.