water
water — 動詞
1. to apply water to the ground where flowers or vegetables are planted so that the
澆水；澆灌
為植物或土壤澆水
to apply water to the ground where flowers or vegetables are planted so that they do not dry out
Gabriel waters the tomato plants in his garden every morning before work.
Gabriel 每天早上上班前都會給花園裡的番茄澆水。
water + [plant noun] — direct object pattern
Sirin asked her neighbour to water the flower pots while she was on holiday.
Sirin 請鄰居在她出國期間幫忙澆花。
ask someone to water [plants] — request pattern
Ritu uses an old watering can to water the herbs on her kitchen windowsill.
Ritu 用一把舊的澆水壺幫廚房窗台上的香草澆水。
Mr. Okonkwo waters the park's rose bushes twice a day during summer to stop them wilting.
Okonkwo 先生夏天每天幫公園裡的玫瑰叢澆兩次水，以免枯萎。
文法句型
water + noun phrase (plants/soil/garden)
用法筆記
Object is typically a plant, the soil around it, or a garden area. Frequently takes a frequency adverb (every day, twice a week).
常見錯誤
2. to offer a creature such as a horse or cow a supply of drinking water
餵水；飲水
給動物喝水
to offer a creature such as a horse or cow a supply of drinking water
Eliska waters the horses after they return from the long ride through the valley.
Eliska 在馬匹從谷地長途騎乘回來後，會餵牠們喝水。
water + [animal noun] — object pattern for livestock
The farmer's daughter waters the sheep every evening before sunset.
農夫的女兒每天傍晚太陽下山前會給羊群餵水。
Bilal forgot to water the cattle, so his father sent him back to fill the trough.
Bilal 忘記給牛喝水，所以他父親叫他回去把水槽裝滿。
During the heatwave the zoo keeper watered the elephants three times a day.
熱浪期間，動物園管理員每天給大象餵三次水。
文法句型
water + animal noun phrase
用法筆記
Used mainly for farm animals and livestock. For pets (dogs, cats) speakers more commonly say 'give [animal] water' or 'put water out for [animal].'
3. to produce extra saliva in the mouth when someone sees, smells, or even thinks a
流口水
因食物而分泌唾液
to produce extra saliva in the mouth when someone sees, smells, or even thinks about food that they really want to eat
Every time Sivan passes the bakery, her mouth waters at the smell of fresh bread.
每次 Sivan 經過麵包店，聞到新鮮麵包的香味就會流口水。
mouth waters + at [smell/sight] — stimulus preposition
The photos of grilled steak made Cyrus's mouth water even though he had eaten lunch.
烤牛排的照片讓 Cyrus 流口水，儘管他已經吃過午餐了。
make [possessive] mouth water — causative pattern
Mathieu's mouth watered when his grandmother lifted the lid off the soup pot.
Mathieu 的奶奶掀開湯鍋蓋子的時候，他的口水就流出來了。
The smell of frying onions drifted from the kitchen and made everyone's mouth water.
廚房飄來炒洋蔥的香味，每個人的口水都流了出來。
- salivate
more formal, medical; can be involuntary without desire for food
文法句型
mouth waters + at/over + noun phrase
mouth waters + when/because clause
用法筆記
Almost always used with mouth as the subject. The phrase is typically 'mouth waters' (present) or 'mouth watered' (past), with possessive determiner (my, his, everyone's) before mouth. Common in descriptive writing about food.
常見錯誤
4. when an irritant such as cold wind or smoke makes your eyes release liquid, rath
流眼水
眼睛分泌淚水（非因悲傷）
when an irritant such as cold wind or smoke makes your eyes release liquid, rather than from sadness or upset
Jessica's eyes started watering when she chopped the onions for the soup.
Jessica 切洋蔥煮湯的時候，眼睛開始流眼淚。
eyes + start watering + [cause] — inchoative pattern
The cold wind made Sirin's eyes water as she cycled home from school.
冷風吹得 Sirin 騎腳踏車回家的路上一直流眼淚。
When Lara wears her contact lenses too long, her eyes begin to water and turn red.
Lara 戴隱形眼鏡太久的時候，眼睛會開始流淚並變紅。
Bilal's eyes watered so much from the campfire smoke that he could barely see.
營火的煙讓 Bilal 的眼睛一直流淚，他幾乎看不見東西。
- tear up
slightly informal, can also be emotional; 'eyes water' is more physical
文法句型
eyes water + because of/due to + noun phrase
eyes + start/begin to water
用法筆記
Subject is typically 'eyes' with a possessive determiner. The cause (onions, smoke, wind, allergies) is usually stated with 'from', 'because of', or a when-clause. Contrast with 'cry', which implies emotional sadness.
常見錯誤
water — 名詞
1. the clear liquid that falls from clouds as rain, fills rivers and lakes, and is
水
透明無色無味的液體
the clear liquid that falls from clouds as rain, fills rivers and lakes, and is essential for people, animals, and plants to live
Tamar filled a glass with cold water from the kitchen tap.
Tamar 用水龍頭的水裝了一杯冷水。
count: a glass of water
Nadia filled a bucket with warm water and a bit of soap to wash her muddy bicycle.
Nadia 裝了一桶溫水加一點肥皂，用來清洗她那輛沾滿泥土的腳踏車。
uncountable: warm water + soap — water as a substance
After the hike, Kwame drank a whole bottle of water in one go.
健行結束後，Kwame 一口氣喝掉一整瓶水。
Marta boiled the tap water for five minutes before filling her son's bottle.
Marta 把自來水煮沸五分鐘，然後裝進兒子的奶瓶。
The water in this river is so clean that you can see the fish swimming.
這條河的水非常乾淨，你可以看到魚在游來游去。
- H2O
scientific term; too formal for everyday conversation
用法筆記
Uncountable; use 'a glass of water', 'some water', 'a bottle of water' rather than 'a water'. For bottled servings the countable form is used informally ('two waters, please').
常見錯誤
2. a place that contains water, like an ocean, lake, river, or man-made pool for sw
水域
海洋、湖泊等有水的地方
a place that contains water, like an ocean, lake, river, or man-made pool for swimming
The children splashed in the shallow water near the beach.
孩子們在海灘旁的淺水區裡潑水玩耍。
preposition collocation: in the water
Dewi sat by the still water of the lake and watched the sunset.
Dewi 坐在平靜的湖水邊看夕陽。
The resort in Bali had crystal-clear water filled with tropical fish, perfect for snorkelling right off the beach.
峇里島的度假村擁有清澈見底的海水，水裡有許多熱帶魚，很適合在海灘外直接浮潛。
Selim jumped into the water to cool off after a long run.
Selim 跳進水裡，想在長跑之後涼快一下。
Rubbish floating on the water made it unsafe for swimming.
漂在水上的垃圾使得這片水域不適合游泳。
- body of water
more formal and geographical; used for larger areas like oceans and lakes
用法筆記
Often preceded by 'in', 'on', 'under', 'into', or 'across' to describe position or movement relative to a body of water. 'Still water' means water that is not moving (a lake or pond), as opposed to 'running water' (a river or stream).
常見錯誤
3. the measurement of how high a body of water stands, especially when it goes up o
水位
水面的高度變化
the measurement of how high a body of water stands, especially when it goes up or down
After three days of heavy rain, the water rose above the riverbank.
連續下了三天大雨之後，河水漲過了河岸。
verb + water: water rises / water falls
The water level in the reservoir dropped dangerously low during the summer drought.
夏季乾旱期間，水庫的水位降到了危險的低點。
Mira checked the water in the basement every hour during the storm.
Mira 在暴風雨期間每小時都去檢查地下室的積水高度。
When the tide came in, the water reached the bottom step of the wooden pier.
漲潮時，海水漫到了木棧道的最下面一階。
The water was so high that the street signs were almost completely covered.
水漲得那麼高，路牌幾乎全被淹沒了。
- waterline
specifically the line where water meets the shore or a ship's hull
- water level
the more precise term for the measurement of height
用法筆記
Commonly appears with verbs describing change: 'rise', 'fall', 'drop', 'recede', 'reach'. 'The water' in this sense always implies the surface level of a specific body of water already known from context.
4. a polite or indirect word for urine, the yellowish liquid waste that the body ge
尿液
尿液的委婉說法
a polite or indirect word for urine, the yellowish liquid waste that the body gets rid of
The doctor asked Brandon to provide a sample of his water for testing.
醫生請 Brandon 提供尿液檢體做檢測。
medical register: water sample
The nurse asked the patient if he had passed water that morning.
護理師問病人那天早上是否有排尿。
idiom: pass water
After the surgery, Élise found it painful to pass water for a few days.
手術後幾天，Élise 排尿時感到疼痛。
The vet checked whether the cat was passing water normally after the operation.
獸醫檢查那隻貓在手術後是否能正常排尿。
用法筆記
Used mainly in medical or polite contexts. The full expression is 'pass water' (verb phrase). Avoid in very formal writing where 'urinate' is more appropriate; avoid in casual conversation where 'pee' or 'go to the toilet' is more natural.
常見錯誤
5. the part of an ocean or sea that is next to a country's coast and is under that
領海
國家管轄的海域
the part of an ocean or sea that is next to a country's coast and is under that country's legal authority
Foreign fishing boats are not allowed in Japanese waters without a permit.
外國漁船未經許可不得進入日本領海捕魚。
possessive noun + waters: Japanese waters
The navy patrols the country's territorial waters to prevent illegal fishing.
海軍在該國領海巡邏，以防止非法捕撈。
collocation: territorial waters
Andrei sailed into international waters to avoid the coast guard inspection.
Andrei 航行到公海，以避開海巡隊的檢查。
Indonesia and Malaysia argued over fishing rights in the waters between the two countries for more than twenty years.
印尼和馬來西亞就兩國之間海域的捕魚權爭論了二十多年。
Ships must reduce speed when entering coastal waters near the wildlife reserve.
船隻進入野生動物保護區附近的近海水域時必須減速。
- maritime territory
more technical legal term for a country's sea area
- jurisdiction
broader term covering legal authority on land as well as sea
用法筆記
Always plural ('waters'). Frequently preceded by an adjective of nationality ('Japanese waters', 'Australian waters') or by 'international' for waters outside any country's jurisdiction. This sense is distinct from sense 6 (LOCAL WATERS): sense 5 focuses on legal/political boundaries, while sense 6 focuses on the water as a physical substance in a location.
6. the liquid that fills a specific stretch of sea, one lake, or one river, often d
水體
特定湖泊河流或海域的水
the liquid that fills a specific stretch of sea, one lake, or one river, often described by its colour, temperature, or mineral content
The waters of Lake Baikal are among the clearest in the world.
貝加爾湖的水是世界上最清澈的之一。
pattern: the waters of [place]
Astrid loved swimming in the warm waters of the Caribbean during her holiday.
Astrid 度假時很喜歡在加勒比海溫暖的海水中游泳。
The dark waters of the river moved slowly after weeks without rain.
幾週沒下雨之後，河裡深色的水緩緩流動。
Fishermen know that the waters near the reef are full of colourful fish.
漁夫們知道礁石附近的水域裡有許多色彩繽紛的魚。
Chidi tested the waters of the hot spring every month to see how the mineral levels changed with the seasons.
Chidi 每個月檢測那處溫泉的水，觀察礦物質含量如何隨著季節改變。
用法筆記
Almost always plural ('waters'). Often used with a descriptive adjective ('warm waters', 'dark waters', 'clear waters') or followed by 'of + place name'. Distinguish from sense 5 (TERRITORIAL WATERS): sense 6 is about the physical characteristics of the water itself, not legal boundaries.
7. the protective fluid in which an unborn baby floats inside the mother during pre
羊水
子宮內保護胎兒的液體
the protective fluid in which an unborn baby floats inside the mother during pregnancy
During the ultrasound, the doctor checked Rin's amniotic fluid levels.
超音波檢查時，醫生仔細檢查了 Rin 的羊水量。
amniotic fluid levels — measured during pregnancy scans
Sari's waters broke just before midnight, so she went to the hospital.
Sari 的羊水在午夜前破了，於是前往醫院。
waters broke — common medical phrase for amniotic fluid release
The midwife watched the monitor closely as Rin's amniotic fluid level dropped during the night.
助產士緊盯著監視器，因為 Rin 的羊水量在夜間逐漸下降。
The nurse told Allison that her waters had broken and the baby was ready.
護理師告訴 Allison 她的羊水已經破了，寶寶快要出生了。
- amniotic fluid
the formal medical term; 'waters' is the everyday term used by pregnant women and midwives
用法筆記
Often used in the plural as 'waters' to refer to the release of amniotic fluid before birth ('her waters broke'). The singular 'water' is used in medical contexts to describe the fluid itself ('amniotic fluid levels').
常見錯誤
8. combined with particular adjectives in phrases that refer to a problematic, risk
困境
與形容詞連用，指困難處境
combined with particular adjectives in phrases that refer to a problematic, risky, or uncomfortable state of affairs
After losing his job, Bilal found himself in deep financial water.
失業之後，Bilal 發現自己陷入了嚴重的財務困境。
in deep water — idiom for serious difficulty
The construction company was in troubled waters after the loan fell through.
那家建築公司在貸款告吹之後陷入了困境。
in troubled waters — idiom for an unstable situation
Isabela knew she was in dangerous waters when she signed that unusual contract.
Isabela 知道簽下那份不尋常的合約等於讓自己陷入險境。
Students who skip important exams often find themselves in hot water later.
錯過重要考試的學生後來往往會遇到麻煩。
- trouble
a direct synonym with the same meaning but less idiomatic
- difficulty
more formal and less colourful than 'deep water'
- smooth sailing
the opposite idiomatic expression for an easy situation
用法筆記
Always used with a modifying adjective (deep, troubled, hot, dangerous, uncharted, murky) before 'water(s)'. The plural 'waters' is more common with 'troubled' and 'uncharted'; the singular 'water' appears with 'deep', 'hot', and 'murky'. No definite article is used before the adjective ('in deep water', not 'in the deep water').
常見錯誤
9. water from a natural spring, especially one historically believed to have healin
礦泉水
對健康有益的天然泉水
water from a natural spring, especially one historically believed to have healing properties
In the nineteenth century, wealthy Europeans travelled to Bath to drink the spring water.
十九世紀時，富裕的歐洲人會前往巴斯飲用當地的泉水。
drink the spring water — historical health practice at spa towns
The spa served mineral water from a local spring known for its healing properties.
這間水療中心提供的礦泉水來自以療癒功效聞名的在地泉水。
Tunde's grandmother believed that drinking spring water each morning kept her healthy.
Tunde 的祖母認為每天早上喝泉水可以保持健康。
Tourists still visit the old well to collect water once thought to cure fevers.
遊客仍然會造訪那口古井，取用曾被認為能退燒的泉水。
- mineral water
the modern commercial term; less specific to the historical health context
- spa water
emphasises the resort context where people bathed in or drank the water
用法筆記
This sense is largely historical. The word 'water' in this context often appears with 'mineral', 'spring', or the name of a spa town (e.g. 'Bath water', 'Vichy water'). Modern usage survives mainly in the marketing of bottled mineral water.
water — 字尾
1. used to form adjectives meaning that something is related to, resistant to, or a
構成形容詞
water 與其他詞結合形成複合形容詞
used to form adjectives meaning that something is related to, resistant to, or affected by water
A waterproof jacket keeps you dry when you walk in the rain.
一件防水夾克可以讓你在雨中行走時保持乾爽。
waterproof — adjective meaning resistant to water
The ship's watertight doors are designed to stop seawater from entering.
船上的水密門設計用來防止海水進入。
watertight — adjective meaning sealed against water
After three days of rain, the football pitch was completely waterlogged.
連續下了三天雨之後，足球場完全積水了。
Dahlia chose a water-based paint for the bedroom because it has less smell.
Dahlia 為臥室選擇了水性漆，因為它的味道比較小。
The water-soluble paint on Mei-Lin's art project washed off easily with just a bit of warm water.
Mei-Lin 美術作品上的水溶性顏料用一點溫水就輕鬆洗掉了。
用法筆記
This is a productive combining form, meaning new compounds are frequently created. Common compounds include waterproof (blocks water), watertight (sealed against leaks), waterlogged (saturated), water-based (dissolved or suspended in water), water-resistant (partially blocks water), and water-soluble (dissolves in water).