considering
/kənˈsɪd.ər.ɪŋ/ (bre, ipa) · [kənsˈɪdɚɪŋ] /kənˈsɪd.ɚ.ɪŋ/ (ame, ipa) · [kənsˈɪdɚɪŋ] /kən-ˈsi-d(ə-)riŋ/ (ame, mw)
considering — 介系詞
1. used when you mention a fact about a situation — especially an unfavourable one
考慮到；鑑於
提及某個事實（常為不利條件）來評判
used when you mention a fact about a situation — especially an unfavourable one — to help explain why something is the way it is or to give a balanced opinion about it
Considering the heavy rain, the picnic turnout was surprisingly good.
考慮到大雨，野餐的出席人數出乎意料地不錯。
considering + noun phrase showing a disadvantage
Jiwoo did quite well on the test considering she had only three days to study.
Jiwoo 只有三天時間準備，以這個情況來說，她考試表現得相當好。
considering + that-clause (that often omitted)
The hotel was comfortable enough, considering the price we paid.
考量到我們付的價錢，這間旅館還算舒適。
Considering his age, Grandfather still walks a very long way every morning.
考量到他的年紀，祖父每天早上仍然走很遠的路。
The team played well considering their best player was injured.
考量到球隊最強的球員受傷了，他們打得算不錯。
- given
more neutral; does not carry the 'drawback' nuance that considering often has
- in view of
more formal; typically used in written or official contexts
- taking into consideration
slightly more emphatic; 'taking into consideration the cost, we chose the cheaper option'
- regardless of
opposite meaning — indicates that a fact does NOT change a judgment
文法句型
considering + noun phrase
considering + that-clause
用法筆記
Often used when the fact being mentioned is a drawback or limitation, but can also introduce neutral context. Frequently placed at the beginning of a sentence or clause. When followed by a full clause, 'that' is commonly dropped (e.g. 'considering it was raining' not 'considering that it was raining'). Distinguish from the formal conjunction sense (CONJUNCTION/1) which means 'since' or 'because'.
常見錯誤
considering — 連接詞
1. used in formal language to introduce a reason for something, with the meaning 'b
因為；既然
正式用法：引導原因或理由
used in formal language to introduce a reason for something, with the meaning 'because of the fact that' or 'in light of the fact that'
Considering that both parties have agreed to the terms, we can now sign the contract.
既然雙方都同意這些條款，我們現在可以簽約了。
formal conjunction use: considering that + clause
The board decided to approve the project, considering that all safety requirements had been met.
既然所有安全要求都已達標，董事會決定核准該項目。
Considering the evidence clearly points to his innocence, the judge dismissed the case.
由於證據明顯顯示他無罪，法官駁回了此案。
The scholarship was awarded to Mira, considering her academic record was outstanding.
因為 Mira 的學業成績優異，這筆獎學金頒給了她。
Considering that this is a matter of public safety, we cannot delay any further.
鑑於這是公共安全問題，我們不能再拖延了。
- since
less formal; the most common everyday alternative
- inasmuch as
more formal and somewhat dated; used mainly in legal documents
- given that
similar in formality; interchangeable in most cases
- although
conveys contrast rather than cause — 'although it rained, we went out'
文法句型
considering that + clause
considering + clause
用法筆記
Distinguish from the preposition sense (PREPOSITION/1): the preposition sense evaluates or comments on a situation (often a drawback), while this conjunction sense directly states a cause or justification. This sense is common in legal, academic, and official writing. 'That' is more often retained here than in the everyday preposition use.