courses
courses — 動詞
- coursespresent simple I / you / we / they
- courseses3rd person singular
- coursesing-ing form
- coursesedpast simple
1. to move rapidly and smoothly, like a liquid running through a channel or spread
流動；奔流
液體快速流過
to move rapidly and smoothly, like a liquid running through a channel or spread across a surface
Tears coursed down Wei's face as she read the farewell letter from her grandmother.
淚水順著 Wei 的臉頰流下，她讀著祖母寫來的道別信。
course down [body part]
The cool mountain water courses through the narrow valley after the spring thaw.
春雪融化後，清涼的山泉流過狹窄的山谷。
course through [place]
Adrenaline coursed through Lucas's body as he prepared for the final jump.
準備最後一跳時，腎上腺素在 Lucas 體內奔流。
Blood courses through the veins of every living creature, carrying oxygen to the cells.
血液流經每個生物的血管，將氧氣送到細胞。
A feeling of relief coursed through the crowd when the lost child was found safe.
失蹤的孩子平安獲救時，一股如釋重負的感覺在人群中蔓延開來。
- trickle
suggests a slow, small amount of liquid moving weakly
文法句型
course + prepositional phrase (through/down/along/across)
用法筆記
The subject is usually a liquid (tears, blood, water) or an abstract emotion that moves as if it were a liquid. Frequently used in literary or descriptive writing. The verb is almost always followed by a prepositional phrase indicating the route.
常見錯誤
courses — 名詞
1. a programme of study sessions that teaches a specific topic and often ends with
課程
針對特定科目的系列課堂
a programme of study sessions that teaches a specific topic and often ends with a test or the award of a certificate
Rachid signed up for a course in digital photography at the local college.
Rachid 在當地學院報名了一門數位攝影課程。
course in [subject] — sign up for a course
The university offers a course on medieval history every autumn.
這所大學每年秋季都開設中世紀歷史課程。
course on [topic] — university offer
Shirin is taking an online course to improve her written English.
Shirin 正在上一門線上課程來增進她的英文寫作能力。
James completed a three-year nursing course and passed his final exams.
James 完成了一門三年制的護理課程，並通過了期末考試。
This introductory course covers the basics of computer programming for beginners.
這門入門課程涵蓋了電腦程式設計的基礎知識。
文法句型
course in [subject]
course on [topic]
take/do/enrol on a course
用法筆記
Countable noun. Often used with 'in' for academic subjects and 'on' for topics. Common verbs: take, do, enrol on, sign up for, complete, offer.
常見錯誤
2. a piece of ground or a stretch of water specially prepared for people to play a
球場；賽道
舉辦體育賽事的場地或路線
a piece of ground or a stretch of water specially prepared for people to play a sport or take part in a race
The golf course winds through a forest with beautiful views of the lake.
這座高爾夫球場蜿蜒穿過森林，可欣賞湖景。
golf course + location description
Runners found the muddy course very slippery after the heavy rain.
跑者們發現大雨過後的泥濘賽道非常濕滑。
The race course takes cyclists through five small villages in the valley.
這條自行車賽道穿越山谷中的五個小村莊。
Naoko prefers a shorter golf course when she plays at the weekend.
Naoko 週末打球時比較喜歡短的球場。
文法句型
golf course
race course
obstacle course
用法筆記
Common in compound nouns such as 'golf course', 'racecourse', 'obstacle course'. The word itself forms part of the name of the place.
常見錯誤
3. the continuous progress or natural development of events, actions, or changes ov
過程
事件或變化的自然發展進程
the continuous progress or natural development of events, actions, or changes over a period of time — for example, the course of a disease, a river, or a relationship
The natural course of the illness varies greatly from person to person.
這種疾病的自然病程因人而異。
course of [an illness] — natural development
Over the course of the project, the team made several important discoveries.
在這個專案進行的過程中，團隊有了幾項重要發現。
The course of the river was changed by the powerful earthquake last year.
這條河的河道因去年的強烈地震而改變了。
These early decisions will shape the course of the company's future growth.
這些早期的決定將會影響公司未來的發展方向。
Priya decided to let the situation run its course rather than interfere.
Priya 決定讓事情自然發展，而不是出面干預。
- progress
focuses on forward movement toward a goal
- development
emphasises how something grows or changes over time
- process
a series of steps or stages
文法句型
the course of [something]
over the course of [time period]
run its course
用法筆記
Often appears in fixed expressions such as 'in the course of', 'over the course of', and 'run its course'. Distinguish from sense 4: this sense describes a natural or temporal progression, not a chosen method of acting.
常見錯誤
4. a particular way of doing something or dealing with a situation, especially when
做法；方針
處理事務的特定方式
a particular way of doing something or dealing with a situation, especially when choosing between different options
The manager chose a different course of action after hearing the staff feedback.
聽取員工意見後，經理選擇了不同的做法。
course of action — chosen plan
Sofie decided that the safest course was to speak to her supervisor first.
Sofie 認為最安全的做法是先和主管談談。
Following the usual course, the report will be reviewed by the legal team.
按照慣例，這份報告會交由法務團隊審查。
Taking a firm course with the children helped improve their behaviour at school.
對孩子採取堅定的立場有助於改善他們在學校的行為。
文法句型
course of action
course to take
follow a course
用法筆記
Typically appears in the phrase 'course of action', referring to a chosen plan or method. Distinguish from sense 3: this sense describes a deliberate choice, not a natural or inevitable development.
常見錯誤
5. the path or direction along which a vehicle, ship, or aircraft travels, or the l
航向；方向
交通工具行進的路線或方向
the path or direction along which a vehicle, ship, or aircraft travels, or the line that a river or moving object follows
The captain changed course to avoid the storm approaching from the south.
船長改變航向，以避開從南方逼近的風暴。
change course — alter direction
The plane set a course directly toward the airport after the emergency call.
接到緊急通報後，飛機直接朝機場方向飛去。
The river takes a winding course through the mountains before reaching the coast.
這條河蜿蜒穿過山區，最後抵達海岸。
The ship's course was adjusted slightly due to strong winds over the Atlantic.
由於大西洋上空強風的影響，船隻的航線稍微做了調整。
文法句型
change course
set a course
hold to a course
be on course
用法筆記
Commonly used with verbs like 'change', 'set', 'hold to', 'alter', 'adjust'. Frequently appears in nautical and aviation contexts. Can also describe a river's path.
常見錯誤
6. each individual dish that is brought to the table in turn during a multi-dish me
一道菜
一餐中依序上桌的各道菜餚
each individual dish that is brought to the table in turn during a multi-dish meal, such as a light starter or a heavy meat dish
For the main course, Kofi ordered grilled fish with roasted vegetables.
主菜方面，Kofi 點了烤魚配烤蔬菜。
main course — the largest part of a meal
The first course at the wedding dinner was a light tomato soup.
婚宴的第一道菜是清淡的番茄湯。
first course — starter
Ayesha chose pasta as her main course and a green salad to start.
Ayesha 選了義大利麵做主菜，並以一份綠色沙拉做前菜。
Each course of the tasting menu was paired with a different wine.
品嚐菜單上的每一道菜都搭配了不同的酒。
文法句型
first course
main course
dessert course
用法筆記
Typically used with position labels: first course, main course, dessert course. Not used for a single snack or a whole meal eaten at once. Common in restaurant and formal dining contexts.
常見錯誤
7. a planned series of medical treatments or medications that a patient receives ov
療程
固定次數的醫療療程
a planned series of medical treatments or medications that a patient receives over a set period, aimed at a specific illness or condition
The doctor prescribed a course of antibiotics for Sahil's chest infection.
醫生為 Sahil 的胸腔感染開了一個療程的抗生素。
course of + medication type
Camila finished her course of chemotherapy last month.
Camila 上個月完成了她的化療療程。
Patients must complete the full course of treatment even if they feel better.
即使病人感覺好轉，也必須完成整個療程。
Yasmin started a new course of medication for her allergy.
Yasmin 為了她的過敏開始了一個新的藥物療程。
The hospital offered a short course of physical therapy after Hugo's operation.
Hugo 手術後，醫院為他安排了短期物理治療療程。
文法句型
course of + treatment/medication
用法筆記
Frequently followed by 'of' plus the type of treatment, e.g. course of antibiotics, course of chemotherapy.
常見錯誤
8. a single horizontal row of bricks, stones, or other material that makes up one l
磚層
建材的連續水平層
a single horizontal row of bricks, stones, or other material that makes up one level in a wall or structure built from stacked units
The bricklayer checked the level of each course of bricks.
砌磚工人檢查了每一層磚的水平。
course of + building material
A wooden beam was set into the course of stone blocks.
一根木樑被嵌入那層石塊之中。
The wall's top course of stones was cracked after the earthquake.
地震後，那面牆最上層的石頭出現了裂縫。
Quan pointed out a gap in the lower course of masonry.
Quan 指出下層砌石中有一處空隙。
文法句型
course of + building material
用法筆記
Primarily a technical term in construction and masonry. A single course is one horizontal row; walls are built by stacking courses on top of one another.
9. used in the fixed phrase 'in the course of' to mean during a particular process,
期間
在某段過程之中
used in the fixed phrase 'in the course of' to mean during a particular process, event, or period, often showing that something happens within that timeframe
In the course of the meeting, several new ideas came up.
會議期間出現了幾個新的想法。
in the course of + event/process
Many important changes happened in the course of the project.
這個專案在進行期間發生了許多重要的變化。
In the course of human history, languages are always changing.
在人類歷史的演進過程中，語言總是不斷改變。
The team solved several problems in the course of their research.
團隊在研究過程中解決了好幾個問題。
- during
shorter and more direct, same basic meaning
- throughout
emphasises the entire duration rather than just a point within it
文法句型
in the course of + noun phrase
用法筆記
Always appears within the fixed phrase 'in the course of' followed by a noun phrase describing the process or event. Do not confuse with 'in the course of time', which is a separate fixed expression meaning 'eventually'.
常見錯誤
10. used in the fixed phrase 'over the course of' to describe a development or chang
逐漸
隨著時間慢慢改變
used in the fixed phrase 'over the course of' to describe a development or change that happens gradually throughout a particular period of time
Over the course of the summer, the garden grew thick and wild.
經過一個夏天，花園變得又密又野。
over the course of + time period
Nikos improved his English over the course of two years.
Nikos 在兩年內逐漸提升了英文程度。
The city changed a lot over the course of a decade.
這座城市在十年間改變了很多。
Temperatures dropped steadily over the course of the week.
一週以來氣溫逐漸下降。
- gradually
a single adverb with the same meaning, more direct
- throughout
focuses on the full duration rather than the gradual nature
文法句型
over the course of + time period
用法筆記
Always appears within the fixed phrase 'over the course of' followed by a time period. Emphasises gradual change or progression rather than a single event.
11. used in the fixed phrase 'a matter of course' to describe an outcome that is nat
理所當然
按照常理自然會發生
used in the fixed phrase 'a matter of course' to describe an outcome that is naturally expected because of how things normally work
Given her talent, her success was a matter of course.
以她的才華而言，她的成功是理所當然的事。
a matter of course
Given his experience, it was a matter of course that Selim would lead the team.
以他的經驗，Selim 領導團隊是理所當然的事。
The promotion came as a matter of course after five years of good work.
努力工作了五年之後，升遷是理所當然的事。
Rain is a matter of course during the monsoon season in this country.
在該國雨季期間，下雨是理所當然的事。
When you train hard every day, improvement is a matter of course.
每天努力訓練，進步是理所當然的事。
- naturally
common adverb expressing the same idea of expected outcome
- predictably
slightly more formal, emphasises prior knowledge of the outcome
- unexpectedly
describes a surprising outcome
文法句型
a matter of course
of course (naturally expected)
用法筆記
Distinguish from the everyday use of 'of course' as an affirmative reply ('Of course I will help you'). This sense describes an outcome that follows naturally from the situation, not agreement or permission.
常見錯誤
courses — 慣用語
1. an old-fashioned or formal word for the monthly flow of blood from the womb that
月經
月經的舊式委婉說法
an old-fashioned or formal word for the monthly flow of blood from the womb that women of childbearing age go through as part of the natural reproductive cycle
Ingrid recorded in her journal that her courses arrived three days late that month.
Ingrid 在日記中寫道，她那個月的月經晚了三天才來。
historical or diary context
The doctor told the young woman that irregular courses were common for someone her age.
醫生告訴那位年輕女子，月經不規律在她這個年紀很常見。
Maja asked her grandmother what "courses" meant in the old novel.
Maja 問祖母，那本舊小說裡出現的「courses」是什麼意思。
The 1872 letter noted that Lady Whitmore's courses had stopped, suggesting a pregnancy.
1872 年的一封信提到，Whitmore 夫人的月經已停止，暗示可能懷孕了。
Aylin found "courses" in a Victorian medical book given by her professor.
Aylin 在教授給她的一本維多利亞時代醫學書中看到了「courses」這個詞。
- period
standard everyday term in modern English
- menstruation
formal medical term used in clinical contexts
- monthly
informal euphemism, slightly old-fashioned but still used
文法句型
[possessive pronoun] + courses
the courses
用法筆記
Dated term — this sense would sound unusual in modern everyday conversation. It appears mainly in historical fiction, old letters, diaries, and early medical texts from the 19th and early 20th centuries.