plan
/plæn/ (bre, ipa) · [plˈæn] /plæn/ (ame, ipa) · [plˈæn] /ˈplan/ (ame, mw)
plan — 名詞
- plansingular
- plansplural
1. an arrangement you decide on in advance for reaching a future result.
計畫；打算
為未來行動先想好的安排
an arrangement you decide on in advance for reaching a future result.
Our class made a plan for the beach clean-up next Saturday.
我們班為下週六的淨灘活動訂好了計畫。
pattern: a plan for something
Mina shared her plan to open a small cake shop.
Mina 說了她要開一間小蛋糕店的打算。
pattern: a plan to do something
The coach changed his game plan after two players got sick.
兩名球員生病後，教練改了比賽計畫。
Without a clear plan, the team wasted half the morning moving boxes twice.
沒有明確的計畫，團隊白白花了半個早上重搬箱子。
- improvisation
acting without preparing in advance
- chance
events happening without control or arrangement
文法句型
a plan for something
a plan to do something
用法筆記
Often appears with 'for' before a goal and 'to' before an action. Distinguish from noun sense 3: this sense is the arrangement itself, not whether events follow it.
2. a formal way to save, invest, insure, or pay money over time.
財務方案
定期存錢、投保或付款安排
a formal way to save, invest, insure, or pay money over time.
His company offers a pension plan after three years of work.
他公司工作滿三年後就提供退休財務方案。
collocation: pension plan
The hospital gave us a payment plan for the surgery bill.
醫院就手術費給了我們一個分期付款方案。
collocation: payment plan
Nina started a savings plan when her son was born.
Nina 在兒子出生時就開始了一項儲蓄方案。
This travel insurance plan covers lost bags and delayed flights.
這個旅遊保險方案涵蓋行李遺失和班機延誤。
文法句型
a savings plan
a payment plan
a pension plan
用法筆記
Usually follows a word showing the type of arrangement, such as 'pension', 'savings', 'payment', or 'insurance'. Distinguish from noun sense 1, which can describe any future arrangement, not specifically one about money.
3. the expected way events should happen, especially in fixed phrases about things
如願；照計畫
指事情照原先預期進行
the expected way events should happen, especially in fixed phrases about things going right.
Nothing went to plan after the bus broke down in Taichung.
台中那班公車拋錨後，一切都沒有如願進行。
fixed phrase: go to plan
Dinner went exactly to plan until the lights went out.
晚餐原本都照計畫進行，直到燈突然熄掉。
According to plan, the band will start at eight in the park.
照計畫，樂團會在公園裡八點開始演出。
If all goes to plan, Leo will finish the bridge today.
如果一切都照計畫進行，Leo 今天就能把那座橋完工。
- expectation
more general and not tied to fixed phrases
- schedule
focuses on timing rather than the whole intended course of events
文法句型
go to plan
according to plan
if all goes to plan
用法筆記
Mostly appears in set phrases rather than alone as a regular noun. 'Go to plan' is especially British; many American speakers more often say 'go as planned' or 'go according to plan'.
4. a drawing that shows a room, building, town, or machine from above.
平面圖
從上方畫出的空間配置圖
a drawing that shows a room, building, town, or machine from above.
The fire exit is marked on the plan by the front door.
前門旁的平面圖上標出了消防出口。
plan showing position on a layout
Ella spread the garden plan across the kitchen table.
Ella 把花園平面圖攤在廚房桌上。
collocation: garden plan
The museum plan helped us find the children's room on level three.
博物館平面圖幫我們找到三樓的兒童室。
A site plan showed where the new trees would stand.
一張基地平面圖顯示新樹會種在哪裡。
- elevation
a drawing that shows the side of a building instead of the top
文法句型
a plan of something
floor plan
site plan
用法筆記
Often modified by the place or object shown, as in 'floor plan', 'street plan', or 'site plan'. Distinguish from noun sense 5: this sense is one view of a layout, while sense 5 is the full working drawings used to build something.
5. the detailed drawings builders or makers use to produce something.
設計圖
用來施工或製作的細部圖稿
the detailed drawings builders or makers use to produce something.
The workers checked the plans before pouring the concrete.
工人澆灌混凝土前先查看了施工圖。
usually plural: the plans
Anika kept the shed plans in a blue folder by her desk.
Anika 把棚屋設計圖放在書桌旁的藍色資料夾裡。
The bridge plans show every cable and support beam.
那份橋梁施工圖標出了每一條纜索和支撐梁。
No one can build the new kitchen without approved plans.
沒有核准的設計圖，誰都不能蓋新的廚房。
- blueprints
traditional name for technical building drawings
- drawings
general term, less specific about practical use
- specifications
written technical details that often accompany the drawings
文法句型
the plans for something
draw up plans
approved plans
用法筆記
Usually plural when referring to the whole set of drawings for a building, machine, or other object. Distinguish from noun sense 4: this sense includes the measurements and details needed for making or building.
常見錯誤
plan — 動詞
- planpresent simple I / you / we / they
- plans3rd person singular
- planning-ing form
- plannedpast simple
1. to decide in advance what steps something will need and how you will do it.
規劃；籌劃
先把事情的步驟與做法想好
to decide in advance what steps something will need and how you will do it.
We planned the trip on a big map after dinner.
晚餐後，我們在一張大地圖上規劃了這趟旅行。
pattern: plan something
Judy spent Sunday planning how to use the small garden.
Judy 週日花了一整天規劃要怎麼使用那個小花園。
pattern: plan how to do something
The chef planned a simple menu for the school fair.
主廚為學校園遊會籌劃了一份簡單的菜單。
Before storm season, village leaders planned for clean water during power cuts.
在暴風季來臨前，村裡幹部先規劃停電時怎麼供應乾淨用水。
- improvise
to act without working out the steps first
文法句型
plan something
plan for something
plan how/when/where to do something
用法筆記
Often takes an object naming the activity, trip, event, or project, and it can also take a wh-clause. Distinguish from verb sense 2: this sense stresses arranging the details, not just having the intention.
2. to have decided that you will do something later, or that something else will ha
打算；計劃
表示有意做某事或安排某事發生
to have decided that you will do something later, or that something else will happen.
I plan to call Grandma after I reach Kaohsiung.
我打算一到高雄就打電話給奶奶。
pattern: plan to do something
We plan to stay only one night in Taitung.
我們打算只在台東住一晚。
The school plans to open two new science labs.
學校計劃新設兩間科學實驗室。
Mason plans a quiet weekend at home with his dog.
Mason 打算帶著狗在家過一個安靜的週末。
文法句型
plan to do something
plan something
用法筆記
Most often followed by a to-infinitive when the next word is another verb. Distinguish from verb sense 1: here the main idea is intention, even when the details are not yet worked out.
常見錯誤
3. to draw and decide the shape and arrangement of a building or place.
設計
設想並畫出建物或空間配置
to draw and decide the shape and arrangement of a building or place.
A local architect planned the new library beside the river.
一位本地建築師設計了河邊那座新圖書館。
pattern: plan a building
The hotel owners hired Mei to plan the kitchen.
旅館老闆請 Mei 來設計廚房。
pattern: plan a room
The engineer planned a wooden bridge across the stream.
那位工程師設計了一座跨過小溪的木橋。
Rina planned the market square with wider walking paths.
Rina 設計了市場廣場，把步道加寬了。
文法句型
plan a building
plan a room
plan a town square
用法筆記
Object is usually a building, room, bridge, road, or other physical space. Distinguish from verb sense 1: that sense can describe any activity, while this sense is specifically about designing a place or structure.