improvisation
/ˌɪmprəvaɪˈzeɪʃn/ (bre, ipa) · /ɪmˌprɑːvəˈzeɪʃn/ (ame, ipa) · /(ˌ)im-ˌprä-və-ˈzā-shən ˌim-prə-və- also ˌim-prə-(ˌ)vī-/ (ame, mw)
improvisation — 名詞
- improvisationsingular
- improvisationsplural
1. A piece of music, a comedy scene, or a theatrical moment that the performer crea
即興表演
沒有事先排練的演出
A piece of music, a comedy scene, or a theatrical moment that the performer creates as they go along, without a script or rehearsal.
The jazz pianist amazed the crowd with a brilliant improvisation on a familiar tune.
那位爵士鋼琴手在一段熟悉的旋律上做了精彩的即興表演，令全場觀眾驚嘆。
improvisation + on [musical theme]
During the comedy show, the actress performed a hilarious improvisation after forgetting her lines.
喜劇演出中，女演員忘詞後來了一段絕妙的即興表演。
The theatre group spent the whole workshop learning the basics of stage improvisation.
劇團花了一整堂課的時間學習舞台即興表演的基礎。
Each cast member took turns leading a short improvisation based on audience suggestions.
每位團員輪流根據觀眾的建議帶領一段短暫的即興表演。
The drummer's solo was a pure improvisation, built from a single rhythm the bassist played.
鼓手的獨奏完全是即興表演，是從貝斯手打出的一個節奏發展出來的。
- ad-lib
specifically about spoken lines or remarks made without preparation, often in comedy or theatre
- extemporisation
more formal; common in classical music and public-speaking contexts
文法句型
improvisation + on [theme/topic]
用法筆記
Frequently used in performing-arts contexts. Sense 1 contrasts with sense 2, which refers to practical problem-solving rather than artistic creation.
常見錯誤
2. The process of solving an unexpected problem or creating something useful using
臨時湊合
利用現有資源應急解決問題
The process of solving an unexpected problem or creating something useful using only the materials, tools, or time that happen to be available, even if they are not ideal.
With no proper tools available, the repair was a clever bit of improvisation using wire and tape.
由於沒有合適的工具，這次修理是運用鐵絲和膠帶臨時湊合出來的聰明辦法。
collocation: bit of improvisation
The campers' improvisation turned an old blanket and two poles into a waterproof shelter.
露營者靠臨時湊合，用一條舊毯子和兩根桿子搭出了防水帳篷。
Good improvisation in the kitchen means knowing which ingredients can replace the ones you have run out of.
在廚房裡善於臨時湊合，指的是知道哪些食材可以代替用完的材料。
The film crew relied on improvisation when their main lighting equipment failed to arrive on location.
劇組的主要燈光設備未能運達拍攝現場，他們只好靠臨時湊合來應急。
The nurse's quick improvisation using a clean towel kept the wound covered until the ambulance arrived.
護理師用乾淨的毛巾臨時湊合包紮，讓傷口在救護車到達前保持乾淨。
- makeshift solution
emphasises the temporary nature of the result rather than the creative process
- resourcefulness
a personal quality rather than an act; broader in meaning
- planning
advance arrangement with the correct tools and materials
- preparation
getting ready beforehand rather than reacting in the moment
文法句型
by improvisation
act of improvisation
用法筆記
Uncountable in this sense — you would not say 'an improvisation' when describing a practical makeshift solution. 'Bit of improvisation' or 'act of improvisation' are common countable-like expressions.
常見錯誤
3. The general ability or act of producing original words, music, ideas, or actions
即興創作
當場創作而非事先計畫
The general ability or act of producing original words, music, ideas, or actions at the moment they are needed rather than planning them ahead; also a specific thing created in this manner.
The speaker's entire talk was an improvisation — she had not prepared any notes beforehand.
那位講者的整場演講都是即興創作——她事前完全沒有準備講稿。
Learning improvisation helps children think faster and express ideas more freely in group discussions.
學習即興創作能幫助孩子反應更快，在小組討論中更自由地表達想法。
collocation: learning improvisation
The dance troupe's performance combined careful choreography with moments of free improvisation.
舞團的演出結合了精心的編舞與自由的即興創作。
His improvisation on the guitar lasted nearly ten minutes and drew applause from the whole room.
他在吉他上的即興創作持續了近十分鐘，贏得全場掌聲。
The teacher introduced a simple improvisation exercise where students had to continue a story one sentence at a time.
老師設計了一個簡單的即興創作練習，讓學生一句接一句地把故事接下去。
- spontaneity
a personal tendency to act without planning; a quality rather than an act
- invention
suggests creating something new and original, but does not carry the idea of doing so at the last moment
- premeditation
the act of thinking through and planning something in advance
文法句型
improvisation + of [something]
用法筆記
This is the broadest sense, covering any domain — music, speech, decision-making, teaching. Distinguish from sense 1, which is limited to staged performance, and sense 2, which focuses on practical problem-solving with limited resources.