dissociation
/dɪˌsəʊsiˈeɪʃn/ (bre, ipa) · /dɪˌsəʊsiˈeɪʃn/ (ame, ipa) · /(ˌ)di-ˌsō-sē-ˈā-shən -shē-/ (ame, mw)
dissociation — 名詞
1. a situation in which two things exist separately from each other and have no mea
脫離；切割
與某事無關聯的狀態
a situation in which two things exist separately from each other and have no meaningful relationship or connection — for example, the dissociation of a government's stated policy from its actual practice on the ground.
The dissociation of the church from state politics was a key historical change in many countries.
教會與國家政治的脫離，是許多國家關鍵的歷史變革。
dissociation of X from Y — noun + preposition structure
Wei's research showed a clear dissociation between income levels and reported happiness among rural families.
Wei 的研究顯示，收入水準與自述幸福感之間存在明顯的脫離。
There is a growing dissociation between what politicians promise during campaigns and what they deliver afterwards.
政治人物競選時承諾的與當選後實現的，兩者之間的脫離日益嚴重。
A complete dissociation of military operations from civilian areas was part of the peace agreement signed last year.
將軍事行動完全與平民區切割，是去年簽署和平協議的一部分。
The study measured the dissociation of the two variables under controlled laboratory conditions.
這項研究在受控的實驗室條件下測量了兩個變數之間的脫離程度。
- separation
broader and more common in everyday language; dissociation implies a more deliberate or analytical gap
- disconnection
emphasizes a broken link rather than a state of being apart
- detachment
carries a slightly emotional or spatial meaning; dissociation is more abstract and formal
- association
the direct opposite; describes things being linked or connected
- integration
suggests parts working together as a whole rather than being kept apart
文法句型
dissociation between X and Y
dissociation of X from Y
用法筆記
Common in academic and formal writing. Subject is usually two abstract things that one would normally expect to be connected (e.g. policy and practice, word and deed, wealth and well-being).
常見錯誤
2. the act of deliberately creating distance between yourself and a person, group,
疏遠；切割
刻意與某人或某事保持距離
the act of deliberately creating distance between yourself and a person, group, or situation, usually to protect your own reputation, show disagreement, or avoid being associated with something you reject.
After the corruption scandal broke, the senator called for a full dissociation from the lobby group involved.
貪腐醜聞爆發後，該參議員呼籲與涉案的遊說團體完全切割。
call for + dissociation from — common political usage
Lucia felt a growing dissociation from the competitive values of her corporate workplace over the years.
Lucia 多年來對公司講求競爭的價值觀感到日益疏遠。
The artist announced his dissociation from the commercial gallery as a statement of creative independence.
這位藝術家宣布與商業畫廊切割關係，以此表達創作獨立。
Haruto's dissociation from his former colleagues surprised everyone who had known him for years.
Haruto 與昔日同事的疏遠，讓認識他多年的所有人都感到驚訝。
The committee voted for dissociation from any organization that violated international human rights standards.
委員會投票決定，與任何違反國際人權標準的組織切割關係。
- disengagement
more about stopping involvement; dissociation emphasizes the separation itself
- withdrawal
suggests physical or emotional pulling back; dissociation can be purely symbolic
- estrangement
implies a relationship that was once close; dissociation may be from any association
- affiliation
the state of being officially attached to a group
- involvement
being actively engaged or connected with something
文法句型
dissociation from [person/group]
call for dissociation from
用法筆記
Frequently appears in political, organizational, and personal contexts. Unlike sense 1, which describes a factual lack of connection, this sense involves a deliberate action by a person or group to create distance.
常見錯誤
3. the process in which a molecule, ion, or chemical compound separates into smalle
分子解離
化學分子或化合物分解為較小單元
the process in which a molecule, ion, or chemical compound separates into smaller parts such as atoms, ions, or simpler molecules, often triggered by dissolving in a solvent or applying heat.
When table salt dissolves in water, it undergoes dissociation into sodium and chloride ions.
食鹽溶於水時，會解離成鈉離子和氯離子。
undergo dissociation into [ions] — chemistry collocation
The dissociation of strong acids in solution produces hydrogen ions that directly affect pH levels.
強酸在溶液中解離後產生的氫離子，會直接影響 pH 值。
Chemists measured the rate of thermal dissociation of the compound at several different temperatures.
化學家在數個不同溫度下測量了該化合物的熱解離速率。
The dissociation energy of a chemical bond determines how easily that bond breaks apart during a reaction.
化學鍵的解離能決定該鍵在反應中斷裂的難易程度。
- breakdown
less precise in chemistry; dissociation specifically refers to reversible or partial splitting
- splitting
informal and less accurate for ionic dissociation; acceptable in teaching contexts
- decomposition
usually implies irreversible chemical breakdown, not always reversible like dissociation
- association
the process of ions or molecules coming together to form a larger unit
- combination
substances joining chemically to form a compound
文法句型
dissociation of [compound] into [components]
undergo dissociation
用法筆記
A technical term in chemistry; the reverse process is called 'association' or 'recombination'. Dissociation can be reversible (e.g. in solution) or irreversible (e.g. thermal decomposition).
常見錯誤
4. a mental process in which a person's thoughts, feelings, memories, or sense of i
心理解離
人格或意識與主體脫離的心理過程
a mental process in which a person's thoughts, feelings, memories, or sense of identity become separated from their normal conscious awareness, often happening as a reaction to trauma or extreme stress.
During therapy, Kwame described moments of dissociation when he felt detached from his own body.
在治療過程中，Kwame 描述了自己感到靈魂出竅般的解離時刻。
moments of dissociation — time-limited episode
Trauma survivors sometimes experience dissociation as a way to cope with overwhelming and painful memories.
創傷倖存者有時會經歷解離，以此應對痛苦不堪的回憶。
The psychologist explained that dissociation is a natural protective response, not a sign of weakness or madness.
心理師解釋道，解離是一種自然的保護機制，而非軟弱或瘋狂的跡象。
Fatima's dissociation episodes became much less frequent after she started regular counseling sessions.
Fatima 開始定期諮商後，她的解離發作次數大幅減少。
For some people, dissociation can feel like watching your own life from outside your body.
對某些人來說，解離的感覺就像從身體外部觀看自己的人生。
- detachment
broader and less clinical; can describe emotional distance without implying a disorder
- depersonalization
a specific type of dissociation where one feels detached from one's own mind or body
- derealization
a related experience where the external world feels unreal or dreamlike
- integration
the process of bringing together parts of experience into a unified whole
- awareness
full conscious contact with one's thoughts, feelings, and surroundings
- connection
the state of feeling present and engaged with oneself and the environment
文法句型
experience dissociation
dissociation from [reality/surroundings]
用法筆記
In clinical psychology, dissociation exists on a spectrum from mild detachment (daydreaming) to severe disorders such as dissociative identity disorder. Not all dissociation is pathological — brief mild forms can occur during meditation or intense focus.